1. Insimbi Yomdabu: Amakhono Okukhiqiza kanye Namandla Enkampani
I-Womic Steel Group ingumkhiqizi ohamba phambili kanye nomthengisi wangaphandle emhlabeni jikelele onolwazi olungaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo ye-carbon, i-alloy, kanye ne-stainless steel tubular. Isikhungo sethu sokukhiqiza amapayipi e-SSAW esisezingeni eliphezulu sihlanganisa ikhono lokukhiqiza eliphelele elingaphezu kwamathani ayi-15,000 ngenyanga lamapayipi e-arc ahlanganisiwe angaphansi komhlaba aqinile, akhonza amaphrojekthi epayipi likawoyela negesi elinomfutho ophezulu emhlabeni jikelele, kufaka phakathi isevisi emuncu kanye nezicelo zasogwini.
Ububanzi Bosayizi Bokukhiqiza Bepayipi Lensimbi le-SSAW:Ububanzi bangaphandle busukela ku-219mm kuya ku-3,500mm (amasentimitha angu-8 kuya ku-138 intshi) yenqubo ye-SSAW. Ubukhulu bodonga busukela ku-5.0mm kuya ku-25.4mm. Ubude obubodwa busukela ku-6m kuya ku-18m ejwayelekile, kanye nobude obungokwezifiso obufika ku-60m obutholakalayo kumaphrojekthi wamapayipi.
Izitifiketi Zekhwalithi Nokuhambisana Nemithetho:
Isitifiketi se-ISO 9001:2015:Uhlelo Lokuphathwa Kwekhwalithi lwezinqubo zokukhiqizwa kwamapayipi e-SSAW kanye nokulawula ikhwalithi, ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo eqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo kuyo yonke imisebenzi yokukhiqiza.
Ilayisensi ye-API 5L Monogram:I-Womic Steel inelayisensi ye-API 5L yokukhiqiza i-Line Pipe, okuhlanganisa nebanga le-X65. I-API Monogram imelela ukuzibophezela kwethu ezindinganisweni eziphakeme kakhulu zemboni zamapayipi okudlulisa uwoyela negesi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-API okuvamile kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana okuqhubekayo nezidingo zemininingwane.
Ukumaka kwe-CE (PED 2014/68/EU):Amapayipi ethu e-SSAW ahambisana ne-European Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) 2014/68/EU. Ukumakwa kwe-CE kuyatholakala uma kuceliwe.
Isitifiketi se-EN 10204 3.2:Ngaphezu kwezitifiketi zokuhlolwa ezijwayelekile ze-2.2 kanye ne-3.1 Mill, sihlinzeka ngemikhiqizo enesitifiketi sokuhlola 3.2, esiqinisekiswe yizinhlangano zangaphandle ezigunyazwe yi-EU (TÜV, LR, BV, SGS).
Ukuvunyelwa Kokuhlolwa Kweqembu Lesithathu (TPI):Imikhiqizo yethu kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ziyavunywa futhi zihlolwe yizikhungo ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe ezihlanganisa i-SGS, i-BV, i-ABS, i-LR, i-DNV, i-GL, kanye ne-TÜV.
Izitifiketi ezengeziwe ezitholakalayo:ISO 14001:2015, ISO 45001:2018, NORSOK M-650
Ukuqashelwa Komhlaba Wonke:I-Womic Steel ingumhlinzeki othembekile kubakhi be-EPC bomhlaba wonke, izinkampani zamapayipi, kanye nezinkampani zamandla, ekhonza amazwe angaphezu kuka-80 kulo lonke elaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, eYurophu, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, e-Afrika kanye naseMelika.
2. I-API 5L X65: Izici Zokwakheka Nokusebenza Kwezinto
I-API 5L X65iyizinga elinamandla aphezulu ku-API 5L line pipe specification, enikeza amandla okukhiqiza okungenani angu-450 MPa (65,300 psi) kanye namandla okudonsa okungenani angu-535 MPa (77,600 psi). Igama elithi "X" lisho ipayipi elinamandla aphezulu, kanti elithi "65" lisho amandla okukhiqiza okungenani angu-ksi (amakhilogremu ayinkulungwane ngesentimitha lesikwele). I-X65 isetshenziswa kabanzi kumapayipi okudlulisa uwoyela negesi anomfutho ophezulu, izinhlelo zokusebenza zesevisi emuncu, kanye namapayipi asogwini lapho kudingeka khona amandla aphezulu.
I-API 5L X65 inikeza ukushibilika okuhle kakhulu kokuhlanganisa insimu, ukuqina okuhle kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi ezindaweni eziyinselele, kanye nokuguquguquka okwanele kokugoba nokwakha. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-X52, i-X65 inikeza amandla okukhiqiza aphezulu angaba ngu-25%, okuvumela izindonga ezincane, isisindo esinciphile, kanye nezingcindezi zokusebenza eziphezulu. Ibanga le-PSL2 linikeza ukuqina komthelela okuqinisekisiwe, imikhawulo yokuqina ephezulu yesevisi emuncu, kanye nemikhawulo eqinile yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali.
Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali (Ukuhlaziywa Kwezindebe, % ngobuningi):
| Isici | I-API 5L X65 PSL2 (Ubuningi %) |
| C | 0.18 |
| Mn | 1.45 |
| P | 0.025 |
| S | 0.015 |
| Si | 0.45 |
| V | 0.10 |
| Nb | 0.05 |
| Ti | 0.04 |
| I-CE (ubuningi) | 0.43 |
Qaphela: I-API 5L X65 PSL2 inemingcele eqinile ku-carbon, i-phosphorus, kanye ne-sulfur, okuholela ekushibilikeni nasekuqineni okuhle kakhulu. Umkhawulo we-carbon equivalent (CEV) ongu-0.43% uqinisekisa ukushibilika okuhle kwensimu yamapayipi anamandla aphezulu. Ukuze kusetshenziswe umuncu, kusebenza imikhawulo eyengeziwe kubunzima kanye nezinto ezithile.
Izakhiwo Zomshini (Izinga Lokushisa Legumbi):
| Impahla | I-API 5L X65 PSL2 |
| Amandla Okukhiqiza (iminithi) | I-450 MPa (65,300 psi) |
| Amandla Okudonsa (iminithi) | 535 MPa (77,600 psi) |
| Ukwelulwa (iminithi) | 18% (ngegeyiji engu-50mm) |
| Ubulukhuni (ubuningi) | 90 HRB / 200 HV (isevisi emuncu) |
| Ukuqina Komthelela | Ama-Joules angu-27 @ 0°C (okuvamile) |
*Qaphela: I-API 5L X65 PSL2 inikeza ukuqina okuqinisekisiwe komthelela kanye nemikhawulo eqinile yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, okwenza ifanelekele isevisi emuncu kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphansi. I-PSL1 iyatholakala kumaphrojekthi angabizi kakhulu.*
Ukuqhathaniswa kwamaBanga e-API 5L High-Strength Line Pipe:
| Ibanga | Amandla Okukhiqiza (i-MPa) | Amandla Okudonsa (i-MPa) | Isicelo Esijwayelekile |
| X52 | 360 | 460 | Amapayipi omfutho ophakathi kuya kophezulu |
| I-X60 | 415 | 520 | Amapayipi omfutho ophezulu |
| I-X65 | 450 | 535 | Umfutho ophezulu kakhulu, isevisi emuncu, ogwini lolwandle |
| X70 | 485 | 570 | Amapayipi ahamba ibanga elide, anomfutho ophezulu kakhulu |
*Qaphela: Kumaphrojekthi amapayipi anomfutho ophezulu adinga amandla aphezulu kanye nekhono lenkonzo elibi, i-API 5L X65 noma i-X70 kufanele icatshangelwe.*
3. Ukuhambisana Nobubanzi Nokulinganisa Kwezindinganiso
I-Womic Steel inikeza amapayipi ensimbi e-API 5L X65 SSAW kuwo wonke ububanzi obuhlukahlukene, ihambisana ngokugcwele nezidingo ze-API 5L PSL1 kanye ne-PSL2. Inqubo ye-SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded) ilungele ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi amakhulu, anobubanzi obuphezulu.
| Into | Imininingwane |
| Okujwayelekile | I-API 5L PSL1 / PSL2 (X52, X60, X65, X70) |
| Inqubo Yokukhiqiza | I-SSAW (I-Spiral Submerged Arc Welded) - 219mm-3,500mm OD |
| Ububanzi Bobubanzi Bangaphandle | 219mm – 3,500mm (8" – 138") |
| Ububanzi Bokujiya Kodonga | 5.0mm – 25.4mm |
| Ibanga Lobude | Okujwayelekile: 6m, 12m, 18m / Ngokwezifiso: kufika ku-60m |
| Ukuqeda Ukuqeda | Isiphetho Esilula (PE) / Isiphetho Esigobile (BE) |
| Ukuqedwa Komphezulu | Okungenalutho / Okugcotshwe ngamafutha / Okumnyama Okumboziwe / 3PE / FBE / Coal Tar Epoxy |
| Ukubekezelelana | I-OD: ±0.5% / WIT: -0% +15% (API) / Ubude: +50mm -0mm |
4. Ubukhulu Nemininingwane Etholakalayo - Ipayipi Lensimbi le-API 5L X65 SSAW
Ipayipi Lensimbi Elinamandla Aphezulu le-SSAW (219mm – 3,500mm OD)
| I-OD (mm) | Izinketho Zobukhulu Bodonga (mm) | Isisindo (kg/m) | Ubude Obujwayelekile |
| 219 – 325 | 5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5 | 26.4 – 96.3 | 6m / 12m |
| 325 – 426 | 5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0 | 39.5 – 142.2 | 6m / 12m |
| 426 – 530 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0 | 62.1 – 202.8 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 530 – 630 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0 | 77.5 – 271.6 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 630 – 820 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0 | 92.3 – 394.6 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 820 – 1,020 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0 | 160.2 – 541.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 1,020 – 1,220 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 199.8 – 736.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,220 – 1,420 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 298.4 – 859.8 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,420 – 1,620 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 347.7 – 983.2 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,620 – 2,000 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 476.1 – 1,217.4 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 2,000 – 2,500 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 588.5 – 1,527.2 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 2,500 – 3,000 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 736.5 – 1,841.7 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 3,000 – 3,500 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 883.7 – 2,158.4 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
Qaphela: Ubukhulu obungokwezifiso ngaphandle kwalezi zigaba buyatholakala uma uceliwe.
5. Izindinganiso Ezivamile Zepayipi Lomugqa Onamandla Aphezulu Ezikhiqizwe Yinsimbi YaseWomic
| Okujwayelekile | Amabanga Ensimbi | Isicelo Esijwayelekile |
| Amazinga Omugqa Wepayipi le-API | ||
| I-API 5L PSL1 | GR.B, X42, X52, X60, X65, X70 | Ipayipi lomugqa elisezingeni elijwayelekile |
| I-API 5L PSL2 | GR.B, X42, X52, X60, X65, X70 | Ikhwalithi ephezulu enezidingo zokuqina/ukuqina |
| I-ISO Elinganayo | ||
| I-ISO 3183 | L245, L290, L360, L415, L450, L485, L555 | I-ISO elingana ne-API 5L |
| Izindinganiso Zase-Offshore | ||
| I-EN 10225 | I-S355G8+M, S355G10+M, S420G1+QT, S460G1+QT | Insimbi yesakhiwo sasogwini kanye nesasolwandle |
| I-DNV-OS-B101 | S355, S420, S460 | Izinga le-DNV lensimbi yasogwini |
| Izindinganiso Zokugoqa | ||
| I-ASTM A252 | GR.1, GR.2, GR.3 | Izinqwaba zamapayipi ensimbi zesisekelo esijulile |
| I-EN 10248 | I-S235GP, S275GP, S355GP | Ukufakwa kweshidi lensimbi eligoqwe ngokushisa kanye nokufakwa kwepayipi |
Ukusetshenziswa:Ukudluliswa kukawoyela negesi okunomfutho ophezulu, amapayipi esevisi emuncu, amapayipi asogwini lolwandle, amapayipi angaphansi kolwandle, izinhlelo zokuqoqa igesi, imigqa yokufaka amanzi enomfutho ophezulu, ukufakwa kwezindonga zesakhiwo, izisekelo zasolwandle
6. Inqubo Yokukhiqiza - Ipayipi Lensimbi Elinamandla Aphezulu le-SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded)
Inqubo Yokukhiqiza ye-SSAW Yepayipi Lensimbi Elinamandla Aphezulu (219mm – 3,500mm OD):
Ukuhlolwa Kwezinto Ezingavuthiwe (Ikhoyili):Amakhoyili ensimbi angenayo ashiswayo aqinisekisiwe ngokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo zemishini, kanye nekhwalithi yobuso ngokumelene nemininingwane ye-API 5L X65 PSL2. Ikhoyili ngayinye inikezwa inombolo yokushisa ehlukile ukuqinisekisa ukulandeleka okugcwele kwezinto kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhiqiza.
Ukuvula Nokulinganisa:Amakhoyili ensimbi afakwa ku-uncoiler bese efakwa ngomshini wokulinganisa ngokunembile ukuze kuthambe umcu, kususwe isethi yekhoyili futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-flat iyafana ukuze kwakheke i-spiral ngendlela efanayo.
Ukusikwa Nokunqunywa Kwemiphetho:Zombili izinqe ezinde zomucu wensimbi ziyagaywa futhi zilungiswe ukuze zikwazi ukubekezelela ububanzi obuqondile (± 0.5mm). Ukulungiswa komphetho kudala indawo ehlanzekile, ehambisanayo ebalulekile ekwakhekeni kwe-spiral weld esezingeni eliphezulu.
Ukwakheka Okujikelezayo:Umcu olinganisiwe ufakwa emshinini wokwakha i-spiral nge-engeli ye-helix elawulwayo. Umcu uqhubeka wakhiwa ube yisimo se-spiral cylindrical, kanti imiphetho iqondiswe ukuze kushiselwe.
Ukushisela kwe-Arc Okucwiliswe Ngaphakathi (i-SAW):Umthungo wangaphakathi ojikelezayo uhlanganiswa kuqala kusetshenziswa imishini yokushisela ye-arc engaphansi kwamanzi ezenzakalelayo enenhlanganisela efanele ye-flux kanye nentambo. Ngensimbi enamandla aphezulu ye-X65, kusetshenziswa izinto ezikhethekile zokushisela ze-hydrogen ephansi.
Ukushisela kwe-Arc Okucwiliswe Ngaphandle (i-SAW):Umthungo wangaphandle ojikelezayo uhlanganiswa ngokushesha ngemva kokushintshwa kwangaphakathi, kusetshenziswa imishini yokushintshwa kwe-arc engaphansi komhlaba ezenzakalelayo.
Ukusika Kuze Kube Bude:Ipayipi elihlanganisiwe elijikelezayo eliqhubekayo lisikwa ngobude obucacisiwe kusetshenziswa izinhlelo zokusika ze-plasma noma ze-oxygen ezizenzakalelayo.
Ukuhlolwa Okungonakalisi (NDT):
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic okungu-100% (UT):Uhlelo lwe-UT oluzenzakalelayo luhlola wonke umthungo wokushisela ojikelezayo kanye nomzimba wepayipi eligcwele ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kukhona yini ama-lamination, izinto ezifakiwe, ukuntuleka kokuhlanganiswa, kanye nokunye ukungaqhubeki.
Ukuhlolwa Kwe-X-ray (RT):Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray noma i-gamma-ray yomthungo wokushisela (indawo noma ubude obugcwele njengoba kuchaziwe).
Ukuhlolwa Kwezinhlayiya ZikaMagnetic (MPI):Ukuhlolwa kwezinzwane ezishisiwe kanye nendawo ethintekile ekushiseni ukuze kubhekwe imifantu kanye nokungaqhubeki kobuso.
Ukuhlolwa Kwamanzi:Kuyadingeka ukuze kuhambisane ne-API 5L. Ipayipi ngalinye lihlolwa ngamanzi ukuze lifinyelele ingcindezi ethile (ngokuvamile u-85-100% wamandla amancane okukhiqiza acacisiwe).
Ukuqeda Ukuqeda:Iziphetho ezingenalutho (ukusika okuyisikwele) noma iziphetho ezigobile (i-angle ye-bevel engu-30°-35°) ngokwencazelo yekhasimende.
Ukuhlolwa Kokugcina Nokumaka:Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kokukhubazeka kobuso, ukuqinisekiswa kobukhulu (OD, WT, ubude, ukuqondile, ukujikeleza), kanye nokumaka okuhlala njalo nge-API 5L (kufaka phakathi ibanga, usayizi, inombolo yokushisa, ukuhlonza umenzi, ukuqokwa kwe-PSL).
Izinzuzo zeNqubo ye-SSAW yePhayiphi Yomugqa Onamandla Aphezulu:
1. Amandla okukhiqiza ububanzi obukhulu kakhulu (kufika ku-3,500mm+) kusuka kumakhoyili obubanzi obujwayelekile
2. Inqubo yokukhiqiza eqhubekayo yokusebenza kahle kakhulu
3. Isebenza kahle ekusetshenzisweni kwamapayipi amakhulu
4. Ukuqina okuhle kobukhulu kanye nokuzungeza
5. Izinqubo ezikhethekile zokushisela zezinto ezinamandla aphezulu
7. Izinqubo Zokulawula Ikhwalithi Nokuhlola ze-API 5L X65 SSAW Steel Pipe
| Isiteji | Indlela Yokuhlola | Inhloso |
| Izinto Zokusetshenziswa (Ikhoyili) | Ukuhlaziywa Kwamakhemikhali (i-OES Spectrometer) | Qinisekisa ukuhambisana nemikhawulo yokwakheka kwe-API 5L X65 |
| Izinto Zokusetshenziswa (Ikhoyili) | Ukuhlolwa Kokunamathela | Qinisekisa amandla okukhiqiza (ubuncane be-450 MPa), amandla okudonsa (ubuncane be-535 MPa) |
| Izinto Zokusetshenziswa (Ikhoyili) | Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic | Thola ama-lamination angaphakathi kanye namaphutha |
| Kusenqubo | Ukuhlolwa Kobukhulu (Ama-Micrometer) | I-Monitor OD, WT ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwe-spiral |
| Kusenqubo | Ukuhlolwa Kokulungiselela Umphetho | Qinisekisa isimo somphetho kanye nokuqondanisa |
| Indawo Yokushisela | Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic (UT) - Ku-inthanethi | Thola ukungaqhubeki kokushisela, ukuntuleka kokuhlanganiswa |
| Indawo Yokushisela | Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Radiographic (RT) | Qinisekisa ukungena kwe-weld, i-porosity, ukufakwa kwe-slag |
| Indawo Yokushisela | Ukuhlolwa Kwezinhlayiya ZikaMagnetic (MPI) | Ukutholwa kokuqhekeka komphezulu (ukushintshwa kanye ne-HAZ) |
| Ipayipi Eliqediwe | Ukuhlolwa Kobukhulu | Qinisekisa i-OD, i-WT, ubude, ukuqondile, ukuzungeza |
| Ipayipi Eliqediwe | Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hydrostatic (Okuphoqelekile kwe-API 5L) | Qinisekisa ubuqotho bengcindezi ngokwezidingo ze-API 5L |
| Ipayipi Eliqediwe | Ukuhlolwa Kokugoba Okuqondiswayo | Qinisekisa ukuqina nokuzwakala kwe-weld |
| Ipayipi Eliqediwe | Ukuhlolwa Kokuthamba | Qinisekisa ukuqina kanye nomsindo womzimba wepayipi |
| Ipayipi Eliqediwe | Ukuhlolwa Komthelela we-Charpy V-Notch (PSL2) | Qinisekisa ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi (27J @ 0°C) |
| Ipayipi Eliqediwe | Ukuhlolwa Kokuqina (PSL2) | Qinisekisa ubulukhuni obukhulu besevisi emuncu (ubuningi be-HV engu-200) |
| Ipayipi Eliqediwe | Ukuhlolwa Okubonakalayo Nokuphezulu | Hlola amaphutha ebusweni, ama-lamination, imifantu |
| Ipayipi Eliqediwe | Ukuqinisekiswa Kokumaka | Qinisekisa ukumaka okuhlala njalo nge-API ngayinye engu-5L |
Ukuhlolwa Ongakukhetha Kwezicelo Ezibalulekile Zepayipi:
1. Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIC (Hydrogen Induced Cracking) ngokwe-NACE TM0284 yesevisi emuncu
2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-SSC (Sulfide Stress Cracking) ngokwe-NACE TM0177
3. Ukuhlolwa Komthelela Okushisa Okuphansi ku--20°C, -40°C, noma -60°C
4. I-DWTT (Ukuhlolwa Kokuqhekeka Kwesisindo) kokuqina kokuqhekeka
5. Ukuhlolwa kwe-CVN (Charpy V-Notch) emazingeni okushisa acacisiwe
6. Isivivinyo se-CTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) sokuqina kokuqhekeka
Imibhalo Esezingeni:
1. Isitifiketi Sokuhlolwa Komshini ngokwe-EN 10204 Uhlobo 3.1 (noma 3.2 uma ucela)
2. Umbiko Wokuhlolwa Kwamanzi
3. Umbiko Wokuhlolwa Kwe-Ultrasonic (ukushintshwa kanye nomzimba)
4. Umbiko Wokuhlolwa Kwe-Radiographic (uma kuchaziwe)
5. Umbiko Wokuhlola Obukhulu
6. Ukulandelela kusuka enombolweni yokushisa kuya epayipini eliqediwe
7. Isitifiketi sokuthobela imithetho ye-API 5L
8. Izicelo Eziyinhloko - Ipayipi Lensimbi le-API 5L X65 SSAW
Amapayipi ensimbi aqinile e-API 5L X65 SSAW ayizingxenye ezibalulekile kumaphrojekthi okudlulisa uwoyela negesi anomfutho ophezulu, isevisi emuncu, kanye namaphrojekthi amapayipi asogwini lolwandle:
Ukudluliselwa kukawoyela negesi okunomfutho ophezulu:Amapayipi okudlulisa amabanga amade kawoyela ongahluziwe, igesi yemvelo, kanye nemikhiqizo ehlanjululwe esebenza ngomfutho ophezulu. Amandla aphezulu e-X65 avumela izindonga ezincane, isisindo esinciphile, kanye nezindleko zephrojekthi eziphansi.
Amapayipi Esevisi E-Sour:Amapayipi athutha igesi emuncu noma uwoyela oqukethe i-hydrogen sulfide (H₂S). Izinga le-PSL2 elinokulawulwa kobulukhuni kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-HIC/SSC kuqinisekisa ukumelana nokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka kwe-sulfide.
Amapayipi Angaphandle Kwamanzi:Amapayipi angaphansi kolwandle okuthuthwa kukawoyela negesi kusuka kumapulatifomu angaphandle kolwandle kuya ezindaweni ezingaphandle kolwandle. I-X65 inikeza ukushibilika okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuqina kokufakwa olwandle.
Izinhlelo Zokuqoqa Igesi:Imigqa yokuqoqa igesi enomfutho ophezulu eqoqa igesi yemvelo evela eziqongweni zemithombo iye ezindaweni zokucubungula.
Imigqa Yokufaka Amanzi Anengcindezi Ephakeme:Amapayipi afaka amanzi ezindaweni zokugcina uwoyela ukuze kutholakale uwoyela ongcono, okudinga amazinga aphezulu okucindezela.
Imigqa Yokugeleza Kwamanzi Angaphansi Kolwandle:Imizila yokugeleza kwamanzi angaphansi kolwandle exhumanisa imithombo nezindawo eziningi kanye namapulatifomu ezindaweni ezithuthukisiwe zamanzi ajulile.
Amapayipi e-CO₂:Amapayipi athutha i-carbon dioxide ukuze kutholakale uwoyela noma kufakwe i-carbon oxide ezindaweni zokugcina izinto.
Ukwakhiwa Kwezinqwaba:Izinqwaba ezithwala umthwalo zamapulatifomu asogwini lolwandle, amabhuloho, kanye nezakhiwo zasolwandle ezidinga insimbi enamandla amakhulu.
9. Ukupakisha Nokuthumela - Ipayipi Lensimbi le-API 5L X65 SSAW
Amapayipi ensimbi aqinile e-API 5L X65 SSAW ayapakishwa futhi athunyelwe ngokucophelela okukhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kwawo ngesikhathi sokuhamba.
Ukupakisha:
Isivikelo Esivikelayo:Ngaphambi kokupakisha, amapayipi angagcotshwa ngowoyela wokulwa nokugqwala, i-FBE, i-3LPE, noma ashiywe engenalutho njengoba kudingeka. Ngezicelo zesevisi yasogwini kanye neyomuncu, kunconywa izinhlelo ezikhethekile zokumboza.
Ukuhlanganisa (Ububanzi obuncane):Kumapayipi amancane anobubanzi (ngokuvamile angaphansi kuka-610mm / 24"), amapayipi ahlanganiswa ndawonye ngamaqoqo ayisithupha noma angunxande aboshwe ngezintambo zensimbi (ngokuvamile amabhande angu-3-5 ngeqoqo ngalinye elinama-corner guards avikelayo).
Ukufakwa Ngakunye (Ububanzi Obukhulu):Kumapayipi amakhulu anobubanzi (ngaphezu kuka-610mm / 24"), amapayipi ayaphathwa futhi athunyelwe ngamanye nge-dunnage yokhuni noma i-rubber padding phakathi kwezingqimba.
Ama-Caps Okugcina:Izivalo zokugcina zepulasitiki noma zensimbi zivikela iziphetho ezigobile kanye neziphetho ezingenalutho ekulimaleni kokushaywa, ukungena kwemfucumfucu kanye nomswakama.
Ukupheda kanye Nokugudla:Kuma-oda okuthumela ngaphandle asezingeni eliphezulu, kusetshenziswa izinto zokunamathisela ezifana nezindandatho ze-foam, imichilo yerabha, noma i-dunnage yokhuni phakathi kwezingqimba zamapayipi.
Ukuthunyelwa:
Indlela Yokuhamba:Amapayipi athunyelwa ngemikhumbi yezitsha (izitsha ezingama-20ft noma ezingama-40ft zobubanzi obuncane), izithwali ezinkulu (ukusika inqwaba yobubanzi obukhulu kanye nobuningi obukhulu), noma imithwalo yesitimela.
Ukufakwa Kweziqukathi (Ububanzi Obuncane):Kumapayipi amancane anobubanzi (ngokuvamile angaphansi kuka-508mm / 20"), amapayipi afakwa ezitsheni zokuthumela ezijwayelekile ezingamafidi angu-20 noma angu-40.
Ukulayisha Imikhumbi Emikhulu (Ububanzi Obukhulu kanye Nomthamo Omkhulu):Kuma-oda amakhulu (ngokuvamile angaphezu kwamathani angu-500) noma amapayipi amakhulu ububanzi (ngaphezu kuka-508mm / 20"), amapayipi alayishwa ngqo ezithwalini ezinkulu noma ezitsheni ezifakwe amagiya.
Izitsha Ezisicaba Noma Ezivulekile Eziphezulu:Kumapayipi adlula ubukhulu obujwayelekile besitsha (ubude >12m noma ububanzi >2.3m), izitsha ze-rack ezisicaba noma izitsha eziphezulu ezivulekile zingasetshenziswa.
Ukulebula kanye Nemibhalo:Inqwaba ngayinye noma ipayipi ngalinye libhalwe ngokucacile ngolwazi olubalulekile oluhlanganisa ibanga lezinto, izinga elijwayelekile, ubukhulu, inombolo yokushisa, inombolo yenqwaba/ipayipi, kanye nemiyalelo yokuphatha.
Ukuthobela Imithetho Yezintela:Yonke imibhalo yentela edingekayo—i-invoyisi yezentengiselwano, uhlu lokupakisha, i-bill of lading, isitifiketi semvelaphi, izitifiketi zokuhlolwa kwemishini—iyalungiswa.
Ukubopha Okuphephile:Izinqwaba namapayipi ngamanye aboshwe ngokuqinile kusetshenziswa izintambo zensimbi (ezinezivikelo zasekhoneni), izikhwama zomquba, izinsimbi zokubopha izingodo, noma ukuboshwa ngeketanga ukuvimbela ukunyakaza ngesikhathi sokuhamba.
Ukulandelela Nokuqapha:Izinhlelo zokulandelela izinto ezithuthukisiwe zinikeza izibuyekezo zendawo ngesikhathi sangempela.
Umshwalense:Umshwalense wempahla yasolwandle (Yonke Ingozi noma Ngokumbozwa Okujwayelekile) ungahlelwa.
Ngamafuphi, i-Womic Steel iqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amapayipi ensimbi aqinile e-API 5L X65 SSAW apakishwe ngezinyathelo zokuvikela ezihamba phambili embonini futhi athunyelwa kusetshenziswa izindlela zokuthutha ezinokwethenjelwa.
10. Izinzuzo ze-Womic Steel kanye ne-FAQ - Ipayipi Lensimbi le-API 5L X65 SSAW
Kungani Kufanele Usebenzisane Nensimbi Yombhobho Wensimbi we-API 5L X65 SSAW?
Ububanzi Obuphelele Bosayizi:Inqubo ye-SSAW ehlanganisa i-OD engu-219mm kuya ku-3,500mm, ubukhulu bodonga bufika ku-25.4mm, ubude bufika ku-60m kumaphrojekthi amapayipi anomfutho ophezulu.
Ilayisensi ye-API 5L Monogram:Ukuhambisana ngokugcwele nezidingo ze-API 5L PSL1 kanye ne-PSL2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-API okuvamile kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwekhwalithi okuqhubekayo.
I-PSL2 kanye nekhono lesevisi elithambile:Ukuhlinzekwa kwebanga le-PSL2 ngokuqina okuqinisekisiwe komthelela, imikhawulo yokuqina okuphezulu (ubuningi be-200 HV), kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-HIC/SSC kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zesevisi emuncu.
Ubuchwepheshe Obunamandla Aphezulu:Ukuqonda okujulile ngezakhiwo zezinto ze-API 5L X65, izidingo zokushisela, kanye nokucatshangelwa kokwenziwa kwamapayipi anamandla aphezulu.
Izinsizakalo Ezenezelwe Inani:Ukugoba kokuphela, ukusika okucacile, ukugqoka okuvikelayo (i-FBE, i-3LPE, i-Coal Tar Epoxy), kanye nokugoqa okulwa nokugqwala.
Amandla Obude Obude:Kufika kumamitha angu-60 ubude obulodwa kumaphrojekthi ephayiphi, okunciphisa izidingo zokushisela ensimini.
Ukuncintisana Kwezokuthutha:Ukubambisana okunesu nabathengisi bezimpahla emhlabeni wonke kuqinisekisa ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla emhlabeni jikelele ngendlela engabizi kakhulu.
Imibhalo Ephelele:Izitifiketi Zokuhlolwa Okugcwele Kwesigayo (EN 10204 Uhlobo 3.1 noma 3.2), imibiko yokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic, imibiko ye-NDT, imibiko yobukhulu, kanye nemibhalo yokulandelela.
Khetha i-Womic Steel Group njengomlingani wakho othembekile wamapayipi ensimbi asezingeni eliphezulu e-API 5L X65 SSAW amapayipi anomfutho ophezulu, isevisi emuncu, kanye namaphrojekthi aphesheya kwezilwandle emhlabeni jikelele. Siyakwamukela ukubuza!
Iwebhusayithi: www.womicsteel.com
I-imeyili: sales@womicsteel.com
Ucingo/I-WhatsApp/I-WeChat:
UVictor: +86-15575100681
UJack: +86-18390957568
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa) - Ipayipi Lensimbi le-API 5L X65 SSAW
U: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-API 5L X65 PSL1 kanye ne-PSL2?
A: I-PSL2 inemikhawulo eqinile yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali (i-C ephansi, i-P, i-S), izidingo zokuqina komthelela eziphoqelekile (27J @ 0°C), imikhawulo yokuqina okuphezulu (ubuningi be-HV engu-200 yesevisi emuncu), kanye nokuhlolwa okuqinile okungabhubhisi. I-PSL1 ifanele ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi ajwayelekile ngaphandle kwezidingo zesevisi ephansi noma emuncu. I-PSL2 inconywa ukusetshenziswa ogwini lolwandle, isevisi emuncu, kanye nezicelo eziphansi.
U: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-X65 ne-X52?
A: I-X65 inamandla okukhiqiza okungenani angu-450 MPa, kuyilapho i-X52 ine-360 MPa. I-X65 inikeza amandla aphezulu cishe ngo-25%, okuvumela izindonga ezincane, isisindo esinciphile, kanye nezingcindezi zokusebenza eziphezulu. I-X65 iphinde ibe nemikhawulo eqinile yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali ukuze kube nokuqina okungcono kanye nekhono lenkonzo elimuncu.
U: Ingabe i-API 5L X65 ifanelekela isevisi emuncu?
A: Yebo, i-API 5L X65 PSL2 enokuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwe-HIC (Hydrogen Induced Cracking) kanye ne-SSC (Sulfide Stress Cracking) kufanelekile ezinhlelweni zesevisi ye-sour. Ukuqina kulawulwa kufikela ku-200 HV ephezulu, futhi kusebenza imikhawulo ethile yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali. Sicela ucacise izidingo zesevisi ye-sour esigabeni sokucaphuna.
U: Iyiphi ipayipi le-SSAW elinobubanzi obukhulu ongayikhiqiza ku-X65?
A: Singakhiqiza ipayipi le-X65 SSAW elingafika ku-3,500mm (138 inches) ububanzi bangaphandle. Ukuze uthole ububanzi obufika ku-4,000mm (160 inches), sicela usithinte ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwamandla ephrojekthi.
Q: Yiziphi izinketho zokumboza ezitholakalayo zamapayipi omugqa we-X65?
A: Sinikeza i-FBE (Fusion Bonded Epoxy), i-3LPE (Three Layer Polyethylene), i-3LPP (Three Layer Polypropylene), i-Coal Tar Epoxy, kanye ne-Liquid Epoxy. Ngezicelo zesevisi yasogwini kanye neyomuncu, kunconywa i-3LPE noma i-FBE coating.
U: Ungakwazi yini ukunikeza ipayipi le-X65 ngokuhlolwa komuntu wesithathu (SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV)?
A: Yebo. Senza kube lula ukuhlolwa yi-SGS, i-BV, i-TÜV, i-DNV, i-ABS, i-LR, noma yimuphi ummeleli oqokwe yiklayenti ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nangaphambi kokuthunyelwa. 3.2 Izitifiketi zokuhlola zinikezwa njalo uma ziceliwe.
Q: Yikuphi ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi (NDT) okunikezwayo kwepayipi le-X65 SSAW?
A: I-NDT ejwayelekile ifaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic okungu-100% (UT) komzimba womthungo we-weld kanye nowepayipi, ukuhlolwa kwendawo yokuhlolwa kwe-Radiographic (RT), kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic okuphoqelekile nge-API 5L ngayinye. Ku-PSL2 kanye nesevisi ye-sour, kwenziwa i-UT eyengeziwe kanye ne-MPI.
Q: Yisiphi isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuhola sepayipi lensimbi le-API 5L X65 SSAW?
A: Izikhathi ezijwayelekile zokuhola cishe ziyizinsuku ezingu-45-60 zokukhiqizwa kwe-SSAW, kuye ngobuningi be-oda, ububanzi, ukujiya kodonga, kanye nezidingo ze-PSL. Ama-oda asheshayo (izinsuku ezingu-30-45) angatholakala ngamanani amancane.
Q: Yimaphi amadokhumenti anikezwa ngokuthunyelwa ngakunye?
A: Isitifiketi Sokuhlolwa Komshini (EN 10204 Uhlobo 3.1 noma 3.2), Umbiko Wokuhlolwa Okumanzi, Umbiko Wokuhlolwa Obukhulu, Imibiko ye-UT, Imibiko ye-RT (uma icacisiwe), Imibhalo Yokulandelela, Uhlu Lokupakisha, I-invoyisi Yezentengiselwano, kanye Nesitifiketi Somsuka. Ku-PSL2, imibiko yokuhlolwa komthelela kanye nemibiko yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni ifakiwe.
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