I-API 5L X52 PSL2 Sour Service LSAW Steel Pipe: Amakhono Okukhiqiza kanye Nemininingwane Yomkhiqizo

Incazelo emfushane:

I-Womic Steel inikeza ipayipi lensimbi le-LSAW le-API 5L X52 PSL2 elisezingeni eliphezulu lokudluliswa kukawoyela negesi ezindaweni eziqukethe i-H₂S (ezimuncu). I-X52 PSL2 enesitifiketi sesevisi emuncu inikeza amandla amancane okukhiqiza angu-360 MPa (52,200 psi) kuhlanganiswe nemikhawulo eqinile yokuqina (≤ 90 HRB, ngokuvamile ≤ 85 HRB), okulingana nekhabhoni ephansi (CEV ≤ 0.40%), kanye nokumelana okuqinisekisiwe kokuqhekeka okubangelwa yi-hydrogen (HIC) kanye nokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka kwe-sulfide (SSC). Inqubo ye-LSAW ifaka phakathi izindlela zokushisela ipuleti eligoqiwe le-JCOE, UOE, kanye ne-rolled plate, kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa okuphoqelekile ngemuva kokushiswa (PWHT) kuwo wonke amapayipi esevisi emuncu kungakhathaliseki ubukhulu bodonga. Ububanzi bangaphandle busukela ku-219mm kuya ku-1,600mm (8″ – 63″), ubukhulu bodonga busukela ku-6.0mm kuya ku-60mm, ubude bufika ku-24m. Isitifiketi sokugaya esine-EN 10204 3.2, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic okungu-100% nge-TOFD, ukuhlolwa kwamanzi, iziphetho ezibekiwe, kanye nephakheji ephelele yamadokhumenti esevisi emuncu (i-HIC, i-SSC, izindlela zokuqina). Ifanelekela amapayipi okuqoqa igesi emuncu, imigqa yokugeleza kawoyela ene-H₂S, imigqa yamanzi emuncu efrijini, kanye nensizakalo ye-acidic yasogwini.

Usayizi Wepayipi Lensimbi ye-LSAW:Ububanzi Bangaphandle: 219mm – 1,600mm (8″ – 63″), Ubukhulu Bodonga: 6.0mm – 60.0mm (JCOE/UOE max 50.8mm, ipuleti eligoqiwe max 60mm), Ubude: 6m – 18m ejwayelekile, ubude obujwayelekile bufika ku-24m

Ipayipi Lensimbi Elijwayelekile Nelibanga Le-LSAW:I-API 5L X52 PSL2 enezidingo ezengeziwe zesevisi emuncu ngokwe-NACE MR0175/ISO 15156; i-HIC ngokwe-NACE TM0284; i-SSC ngokwe-NACE TM0177

Ukusetshenziswa kwepayipi lensimbi le-LSAW:Amapayipi okuqoqa igesi yemvelo emuncu (H₂S kufika ku-50 ppm), imigqa yokugeleza kawoyela ongahluziwe ene-H₂S, imigqa yamanzi emuncu efrijini lokuhluza, amapayipi esevisi emuncu asogwini, imigqa yokuphakamisa igesi emigodini emuncu, amapayipi okwelapha ama-amine, imigqa yokufaka igesi ene-acid, amapayipi okubuyisa i-sulfur unit

I-Womic Steel inikeza amanani asezingeni eliphezulu futhi ancintisanayo epayipi lensimbi le-LSAW le-API 5L X52 PSL2, ipayipi lomugqa elihlolwe yi-HIC, ipayipi elingamelana ne-SSC, ipayipi le-LSAW elihambisana ne-NACE. Isitifiketi se-Mill EN 10204 3.2, ukuhlolwa kwe-hydro, i-UT/TOFD, i-PWHT, ukuphela okubekiwe, i-3LPE/FBE coating iyatholakala. Ukunikezwa ngqo kwasefektri kwamaphrojekthi kawoyela negesi omuncu emhlabeni jikelele.

Sithumelele i-imeyili Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo

Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo

Amathegi Omkhiqizo

1. I-Womic Steel: Amakhono Okukhiqiza kanye Namandla Enkampani Yesevisi E-X52 Sour

I-Womic Steel Group isebenzisa imigqa yokukhiqiza ezinikele yamapayipi e-LSAW ahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezimuncu. Insizakalo ye-X52 PSL2 ehlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezimuncu idinga:

● Okulingana nekhabhoni ephansi (i-CEV ≤ 0.40%, evamile ≤ 0.38%)

● I-sulfur ephansi (S ≤ 0.002%) kanye ne-phosphorus ephansi (P ≤ 0.015%)

● Ukwelashwa nge-calcium yokulawula ukuma kokufakwa (ama-globular sulfide)

● Ukwelashwa kokushisa ngemva kokushiswa (PWHT) kwawo wonke amapayipi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udonga lubanzi kangakanani

● Ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni okungu-100% (ukushisela, i-HAZ, insimbi eyisisekelo)

● Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIC kanye ne-SSC ngokwezindinganiso ze-NACE

Izinqubo zokukhiqiza: I-JCOE, i-UOE, ipuleti eligoqiwe elinesithando se-PWHT esiyimpoqo (imoto ingaphansi, ubude obungu-12m, ukucwiliswa ku-600°C). Ukuhlolwa kweqembu lesithathu yi-SGS, i-BV, i-TÜV, i-DNV, noma i-ABS ukuze kuqinisekiswe isevisi egcwele.

Umthamo wonyaka wesevisi ye-sour X52 LSAW:Amathani angu-30,000.

Ukuguquguquka Kokukhiqiza kwe-Sour Service X52 PSL2:

I-JCOE: 406–1,422mm OD × 6.0–50.8mm Isisindo × ≤ 18m

I-UOE: 508–1,220mm OD × 6.0–40.0mm WIT × ≤ 24m (kuthandwa kakhulu uma kumanzi ngenxa yokucindezeleka okuphansi okusele)

Ipuleti eligoqiwe: 600–1,600mm OD × 25–60mm Isisindo × ≤ 12m

Wonke amapayipi esevisi athambile athola i-PWHT (600°C ± 10°C, abambe ihora eli-1 ngobukhulu obungu-25mm, apholile kancane)

2. Isevisi Engamanzi ye-API 5L X52 PSL2: Izici Zokwakheka Kwezinto Nokusebenza

Ngenkonzo emuncu, ikhemistri iqinile kune-PSL2 ejwayelekile. Umgomo uwukufinyelela ukumelana okuphezulu ne-HIC kanye ne-SSC ezindaweni ezimanzi ze-H₂S.

Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali (Ukuhlaziywa Kwezingilazi, imigomo ejwayelekile yesevisi emuncu):

Isici	Ubuningi obujwayelekile be-PSL2	I-Sour Service Target (Womic)
C	0.22	≤ 0.14 (okuvamile 0.08-0.12)
Mn	1.40	≤ 1.30 (okuvamile 1.10-1.25)
P	0.025	≤ 0.015
S	0.015	≤ 0.002 (okuvamile okungu-0.0015)
Si	0.45	0.20-0.40
V	0.10	≤ 0.06
Nb	0.05	0.03-0.05
Ti	0.04	≤ 0.025
I-CEV	≤ 0.43	≤ 0.40 (okuvamile ≤ 0.38)
I-Pcm	Akudingeki	≤ 0.22

Ukwelashwa nge-calcium (isilinganiso se-Ca/S ≥ 1.5) kuqinisekisa ukufakwa kwe-globular sulfide okumelana ne-HIC.

Izakhiwo Zemishini (Ngemva kwe-PWHT):

Impahla	Isevisi ye-X52 PSL2 Sour (Womic)
Amandla Okukhiqiza (iminithi)	I-360 MPa (52,200 psi)
Amandla Okukhiqiza (ubuningi)	530 MPa (76,900 psi)
Amandla Okudonsa (iminithi)	I-460 MPa (66,700 psi)
Ukwelulwa (iminithi)	21%
Ukuqina (ubuningi) – amaphrojekthi amaningi	85 HRB (U-Womic ufinyelele ku-78-85 HRB)
Ukuqina Komthelela @ 0°C	≥ 27 J (okuvamile 80-120 J)

Ukuhlolwa Okuphoqelekile Kwesevisi Engamanzi:

● I-HIC nge-NACE TM0284 (Isixazululo A, amahora angu-96) – ukwamukelwa: I-CLR ≤ 5%, i-CTR ≤ 1.5%, i-CSR ≤ 0.5% (amaphrojekthi amaningi adinga u-0%)

● I-SSC nge-NACE TM0177 (Indlela A, 720h, 90% SMYS) – akukho ukuqhekeka

● Ukuqina kudlula ku-weld, HAZ, kanye ne-base metal (ubuningi be-85 HRB)

● I-Charpy V-Notch ku-0°C (noma ngaphansi uma kuchaziwe)

3. Ukuhambisana Nobubanzi Nokulinganisa Kwezindinganiso

Into	Imininingwane
Okujwayelekile	I-API 5L PSL2 enesengezo sesevisi esimuncu
I-NACE	I-NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156
Izinqubo Zokukhiqiza	I-JCOE, i-UOE, ipuleti eligoqiwe (konke kune-PWHT)
Ububanzi Bobubanzi Bangaphandle	219mm – 1,600mm (8″ – 63″)
Ububanzi Bokujiya Kodonga	6.0mm – 60mm (JCOE/UOE max 50.8mm, ipuleti eligoqiwe max 60mm)
Ibanga Lobude	Isilinganiso esingu-6m – 18m; kufika ku-24m (UOE)
Ukuqeda Ukuqeda	Isiphelo Esigobekile (BE) nge-API ngayinye 5L
Ukuqedwa Komphezulu	I-Bare, 3LPE, FBE (izimbozo kumele zibe mnandi futhi zifanelekile)
Ukubekezelelana	I-OD: ±0.5%; Isisindo: -0% / +15%; Ubude: +50mm / -0mm

4. Ubukhulu Nemininingwane Etholakalayo – I-API 5L X52 PSL2 Sour Service LSAW Steel Pipe (Osayizi Abajwayelekile Abakhethiwe)

I-OD (mm)	Izinketho ze-WT (mm)	Inqubo	Isisindo Esilinganiselwayo (kg/m)	Ubude Obujwayelekile	Izici Zesevisi Emuncu
219	6.4, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5	I-JCOE	33.6 – 63.6	12m	I-PWHT, i-HIC ihlolwe
273	8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0	I-JCOE	52.3 – 89.4	12m / 18m	Ubulukhuni ≤ 85 HRB
324	8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0	I-JCOE	62.4 – 121.5	12m / 18m	I-CEV ≤ 0.40
406	10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0	I-JCOE/UOE	97.7 – 181.4	12m / 18m	I-SSC ihlolwe
508	10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0	I-UOE	122.8 – 263.8	12m / 18m / 24m	Ukuqina okugcwele komgwaqo
610	12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4	I-UOE	184.2 – 366.2	12m / 18m / 24m	Ukwamukelwa kwe-HIC
711	14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 28.0	I-JCOE/UOE	240.7 – 471.7	12m / 18m	I-PWHT iyimpoqo
813	16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0	I-JCOE	314.4 – 579.8	12m / 18m	I-NACE MR0175
914	19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0	I-JCOE/Egoqiwe	419.5 – 759.2	12m	I-calcium iphathwe
1,016	22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0	Kugoqwe	539.2 – 963.9	12m	I-S ephansi (≤ 0.002%)

*Wonke amapayipi esevisi emuncu athola i-PWHT kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udonga lubanzi kangakanani. Kumapayipi e-UOE, ukwanda kunqunyelwe ku-0.8-1.0% ukuze kugwenywe ukucindezeleka ngokweqile.*

5. Izindinganiso Ezivamile Zepayipi Lenkonzo Emuncu

Okujwayelekile	Isicelo	Izidingo Zokuhlola
I-API 5L PSL2 + Isijobelelo H	Ipayipi lomugqa wesevisi emuncu	I-HIC, i-SSC, ubulukhuni ≤ 90 HRB
I-NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156	Izinto zokwakha izindawo ze-H₂S	Imikhawulo ebulukhunini, i-chemistry
I-NACE TM0284	Indlela yokuhlola ye-HIC	I-CLR, i-CTR, i-CSR
I-NACE TM0177	Indlela yokuhlola ye-SSC (Indlela A, B, C, D)	Akukho ukuqhekeka

Isifinyezo sokusetshenziswa:Ukuqoqwa kwegesi emuncu, ukugeleza kukawoyela ongahluziwe omuncu, indawo yokuhluza amanzi amuncu, amayunithi e-amine, ukufakwa kwegesi ene-asidi.

6. Inqubo Yokukhiqiza – I-LSAW ye-Sour Service X52 PSL2

Isevisi ye-Sour idinga izinyathelo ezengeziwe ngale kwe-LSAW ejwayelekile:

Ukwakheka kwe-JCOE / UOE (ngokwenqubo ejwayelekile) + Izinyathelo Eziqondile Zomuncu:

● Ukukhetha ipuleti– Amapuleti e-TMCP aphathwe nge-sulfur ephansi, i-calcium ane-CEV ≤ 0.40%.

●Ukwakha– I-JCOE ejwayelekile noma i-UOE (i-UOE ikhethwa kakhulu uma kunesidingo sokucindezeleka okuphansi okusele).

●Ukushisela kwe-SAW– Ukufakwa kokushisa kulawulwa ku-≤ 2.5 kJ/mm (ngaphansi kokuvamile). Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kwe-≤ 200°C.

●I-UT engu-100% ene-TOFD– Izwela kakhulu kune-UT ejwayelekile.

●Ukwelashwa Kokushisa Ngemva Kokushiswa (PWHT)– Wonke amapayipi esevisi anomuncu ancishisiwe. Izinga lokushisa lokucwilisa lingu-600°C ± 10°C ihora eli-1 ngobukhulu obungu-25mm (ubuncane ihora eli-1). Ukupholisa isithando somlilo ku-≤ 200°C ngehora.

●Ukwandiswa kwemishini– Kunqunyelwe ku-0.8-1.0% (uma kuqhathaniswa no-1.5% ngokwejwayelekile) ukuze kugwenywe ukuqina komsebenzi obandayo.

●Ukuhlolwa kokuqina– 3-point traverse per pipe (base metal, weld, HAZ). Ubukhulu obungu-90 HRB, ngokuvamile obungu-78-85 HRB.

●Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIC– Ngokwe-NACE TM0284 Isixazululo A, amahora angu-96. Amasampula athathwe emaphethelweni epayipi.

●Ukuhlolwa kwe-SSC– Ngokwe-NACE TM0177 Indlela A (yokudonseka) noma Indlela B (umsebe ogobile). Ukuchayeka kwamahora angu-720.

Imininingwane Yesithando Somlilo se-PWHT:

●Isithando somlilo esingaphansi kwemoto: 12m L × 3m W × 3m H

●Ukufana kwezinga lokushisa: ± 10°C

●Ukuqoshwa kwedatha ye-batch ngayinye

7. Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Nokuhlolwa Kwe-Sour Service X52 LSAW

Isiteji	Ukuhlolwa	Izindlela Zokwamukela
Ipuleti	Amakhemikhali (OES)	C ≤ 0.14, S ≤ 0.002, CEV ≤ 0.40
Ipuleti	I-Ultrasonic (i-lamination)	Azikho izingqimba > 5mm
Ukushisela	I-UT engu-100% ene-TOFD	Azikho izinkomba > 1.6mm
Ukushisela	Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray (indawo)	Akukho mifantu, ukuntuleka kokuhlangana
Ngemuva kwe-PWHT	Ubulukhuni (HRB) – BM, Weld, HAZ	≤ 85 HRB (okuhlosiwe)
Kuqediwe	I-HIC (NACE TM0284)	I-CLR ≤ 5%, i-CTR ≤ 1.5%, i-CSR ≤ 0.5%
Kuqediwe	I-SSC (NACE TM0177 Indlela A)	Akukho ukuqhekeka ngemva kwamahora angu-720
Kuqediwe	I-Charpy @ 0°C	≥ 27 J, isilinganiso ≥ 40 J
Kuqediwe	Ukuhlolwa Kwamanzi	85-100% SMYS

I-oda ngalinye lesevisi elithambile lifaka idokhumenti yekhwalithi enayo yonke imibiko yokuhlolwa, ukulandelelwa kokushisa, kanye namashadi e-PWHT.

8. Izicelo Eziyinhloko – I-API 5L X52 PSL2 Insizakalo Emuncu Ipayipi Lensimbi le-LSAW

●Imigqa yokubutha igesi emuncu– Ukuqoqa igesi yemvelo nge-H₂S kusuka eziqongweni zemithombo (5-50 ppm H₂S)

● Ukugeleza kukawoyela ongahluziwe one-H₂S– Ukuthutha i-sour crude kusuka kuma-pad kuya ezindaweni eziphakathi

● Imizila yamanzi acwengekile– I-Ammonium bisulfide kanye namanzi aqukethe i-H₂S

● Amapayipi okwelapha iyunithi ye-amine- Isevisi yama-amine acebile futhi angenawo amafutha amaningi (i-H₂S ne-CO₂)

● Imigqa yokufaka igesi ye-asidi– Ukufaka kabusha i-H₂S/CO₂ emithonjeni yokulahla imfucuza

● Amapayipi esevisi yobisi olwandle- Imigqa yangaphansi kolwandle ezindaweni ze-H₂S

● Izintambo zokuphakamisa igesi– Ukufakwa kwegesi emuncu ukuze kuphakanyiswe umthombo

● Amapayipi eyunithi yokubuyisa isibabule– Imigqa yegesi yomsila weyunithi ye-Claus

9. Ukupakisha Nokuthumela – Ipayipi Le-Sour Service X52 PSL2 LSAW

Kufana nokupakishwa okujwayelekile kwe-LSAW, okunesivikelo esengeziwe sama-bevels okugcina (izivalo zokugcina zensimbi engagqwali zinconywa ukugwema ukungcola). Imibhalo ifaka phakathi imibiko ephelele yokuhlola isevisi emuncu (i-HIC, i-SSC, ubulukhuni, amashadi e-PWHT) ngaphezu kwe-MTC ejwayelekile.

10. Izinzuzo ze-Womic Steel kanye ne-FAQ - Isevisi Engamanzi X52 LSAW

Kungani i-Womic Steel isetshenziselwa i-Sour Service X52?

● Isithando somlilo se-PWHT esinikezelwe ngobude obuyi-12m

● Amandla e-CEV aphansi (≤ 0.38%) kanye ne-sulfur ephansi (≤ 0.0015%)

● Ukuhlolwa kwe-HIC kanye ne-SSC kwangaphakathi (okuqinisekiswe yi-CNAS)

● Kutholakala umuntu wesithathu obone ukuhlolwa komuncu (SGS, BV, TÜV)

● Amapayipi esevisi emuncu angaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-500 ahlinzekwa emhlabeni jikelele

● Iphakheji ephelele yamadokhumenti ukuze kuvunyelwe iphrojekthi

Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa:

U: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-X52 PSL2 ejwayelekile kanye ne-sour service X52?
A: I-PSL2 ejwayelekile inemikhawulo engu-C ≤ 0.22%, S ≤ 0.015%, CEV ≤ 0.43%, futhi akukho ukuhlolwa kwe-HIC/SSC okuphoqelekile. Isevisi ye-Sour inezela: i-C ephansi (≤ 0.14%), i-S (≤ 0.003% ejwayelekile), i-CEV ≤ 0.40%, i-PWHT ephoqelekile, ubulukhuni ≤ 90 HRB (ngokuvamile ≤ 85 HRB), kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-HIC/SSC.

U: Ingabe i-PWHT iyadingeka kuyo yonke isevisi emuncu i-X52 kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udonga lubanzi kangakanani?
A: Yebo, ngokwe-NACE MR0175 kanye nemininingwane ejwayelekile yeklayenti. Ngisho nasemapayipini angu-6.4mm WT, i-PWHT iyimpoqo ukuze kuhlinzekwe nge-sour service.

Q: Yiziphi izindlela ezijwayelekile zokwamukelwa kwe-HIC?
A: I-CLR ≤ 5%, i-CTR ≤ 1.5%, i-CSR ≤ 0.5%. Ngesevisi emuncu kakhulu (isb., > 50 ppm H₂S, pH < 5), amaklayenti angadinga i-CLR = 0%. I-Womic ingafinyelela i-CLR 0%.

U: Ungakwazi yini ukunikeza ukuhlolwa kwe-SSC ngokwe-NACE TM0177?
A: Yebo. Sinikeza i-Method A (ukubopha okukodwa) ku-90% SMYS, amahora angu-720, ngaphandle kokuqhekeka. Ukuhlolwa kofakazi beqembu lesithathu kuyatholakala.

Q: Yisiphi isikhathi esijwayelekile sokulethwa kwesevisi ye-sour X52 LSAW?
A: Izinsuku ezingama-60-90, kuye ngezidingo zokuhlolwa kwe-HIC/SSC. Ngaphandle kofakazi wesithathu: izinsuku ezingama-60. Nofakazi wesithathu: izinsuku ezingama-75-90.

Inkomba Yephrojekthi – Ipayipi Lokuqoqa Igesi Elimuncu lase-Alberta (eCanada)

Izwe:ICanada (i-Alberta, indawo yaseFox Creek – iDeep Basin)
Okujwayelekile kanye Nezinga:I-API 5L X52 PSL2 enesengezo sesevisi esimuncu ngokwe-NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156
Ubukhulu kanye nobuningi:

● OD 323.9mm (12.75″) × UBUNZIMA 9.5mm – 32,000 amamitha (cishe amathani angu-2,200) – JCOE

● OD 406.4mm (16″) × UBUNZIMA 11.9mm – 18,000 amamitha (cishe amathani ayi-1,900) – JCOE

● OD 508mm (20″) × UBUNZIMA 12.7mm – 9,000 amamitha (cishe amathani ayi-1,300) – UOE
Isiyonke:Amamitha angu-59,000 (59 km), cishe amathani angu-5,400

Imininingwane:Iziphetho ezigobile, ungqimba lwe-3LPE, ukuhlolwa kwe-hydro ku-10.5 MPa. I-PWHT yawo wonke amapayipi. Ukuqina okuphezulu ku-85 HRB. I-HIC: CLR 0%, CTR 0%, CSR 0%. I-SSC: akukho ukuqhekeka. I-Charpy ku--20°C (ubuncane be-27J, kufinyelelwe ku-90-150J). Ukuhlolwa komuntu wesithathu yi-ABS Canada.

Isicelo:Ukuhlangana kwegesi yemvelo emuncu eSitsheni Esijulile nge-H₂S 8-35 ppm, ingcindezi yokusebenza engu-6-8 MPa, izinga lokushisa lasebusika -40°C.

Izinselele Zobuchwepheshe Nezixazululo:

● Izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu (-40°C) lihlanganiswe nesevisi emuncu: I-Womic yengeze i-Ni (0.20-0.30%) ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi. I-Charpy ku--40°C ifinyelele ku-45-80J.

● Imfuneko ye-HIC engenamaphutha: amapuleti esibabule aphansi kakhulu (S ≤ 0.0012%) anesilinganiso se-Ca/S esingu-2.0-2.5.

● Ukuthutha okukude ngemigwaqo yeqhwa: ukulethwa okubili kwasebusika kusetshenziswa amaloli ashisayo.

Umphumela:Ipayipi lasebenza ku-Q2 2024. Akukho ukwehluleka kwe-HIC noma i-SSC ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-18. I-Womic manje isingumhlinzeki wesevisi engathandeki ovunyelwe.

Xhumana:
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I-Womic Steel – Umlingani wakho othembekile wamapayipi ensimbi e-LSAW e-API 5L X52 PSL2 ahlinzeka ngogesi oqukethe i-H₂S, amanzi acwengekile kanye nezinhlelo zokujova igesi ene-asidi emhlabeni jikelele.

Okwedlule: Ipayipi Lensimbi le-API 5L X52 LSAW: Amakhono Okukhiqiza kanye Nemininingwane Yomkhiqizo

Olandelayo: Ipayipi Lensimbi le-API 5L X60 (L415) LSAW: Amakhono Okukhiqiza kanye Nemininingwane Yomkhiqizo