1. Insimbi Yomdabu: Amakhono Okukhiqiza kanye Namandla Enkampani
I-Womic Steel Group isebenzisa imigqa eminingi yokukhiqiza ye-LSAW elungiselelwe ngqo ukusetshenziswa kodonga olusindayo kanye nobubanzi obukhulu. Amapayipi e-ASTM A252 Grade 3 adinga ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kanye nezakhiwo ezihambisanayo zomshini zokushayela ensimini (ukubhoboza) ngaphandle kokuqhekeka.
● Umugqa we-JCOE:Kuma-diameter angu-406mm – 1,422mm (16″–56″), ubukhulu bodonga bufika ku-50.8mm. Kufanelekela amabhuloho kanye nezinqwaba zesisekelo sesakhiwo.
●Umugqa we-UOE:Kuma-diameter angu-508mm – 1,220mm (20″–48″), ubukhulu bodonga bufika ku-40mm. Ikhiqiza izinqwaba eziyindilinga kakhulu ukuze ikwazi ukubekezelela ukushayela okuqinile.
●Ipuleti Eligoqiwe (Umthungo Owodwa – Udonga Olunzima):Kumadayamitha angu-600mm – 3,500mm (24″–138″), ubukhulu bodonga busukela ku-25mm kuya ku-100mm. Ipuleti elilodwa ligoqwe futhi lihlanganiswe ngobude. Lifanelekela ama-marine pile amakhulu kanye nama-offshore jacket pile.
● Ipuleti Eligoqiwe (Umthungo Ophindwe Kabili):Kumadayamitha angu-1,200mm – 3,500mm (48″–138″), ubukhulu bodonga bufika ku-100mm. Imithungo emibili emide. Isetshenziselwa izinqwaba ezinkulu zesisekelo sasolwandle.
Inani lamandla e-LSAW lidlula amathani angu-300,000 ngonyaka, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi okufaka izinti okuzinikele kudlula amathani angu-120,000 ngonyaka. I-Womic Steel iphethe i-ISO 9001, CE (EN 10219, EN 10248), futhi ingahlinzeka ngokuhlolwa komuntu wesithathu yi-SGS, BV, ABS, DNV, kanye ne-TÜV. Amapayipi okufaka izinti angaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-500 ahlinzekwa emhlabeni wonke ukuze kusetshenziswe amachweba, amabhuloho kanye nezisekelo zasogwini.
Ukuvumelana Nokuguquguquka Kokukhiqiza kwe-ASTM A252 Ibanga 3:
●I-JCOE: 406–1,422mm OD × 6.0–50.8mm Isisindo × ≤ 18m
●I-UOE: 508–1,220mm OD × 6.0–40.0mm Isisindo × ≤ 24m
●Ipuleti eligoqiwe (umthungo owodwa): 600–3,500mm OD × 25–100mm WIT × ≤ 18m (kufika ku-60m ngokushisela izingxenye eziningi)
●Ipuleti eligoqiwe (umthungo ophindwe kabili): 1,200–3,500mm OD × 25–100mm Isisindo × ≤ 18m
Ngobude obukhulu obufika kumamitha angu-60, i-Womic ingashisela izingxenye eziningi kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni isebenzisa ama-weld ajikelezayo e-SAW angena ngokugcwele (ahlolwe yi-UT engu-100%). Lawa ma-pile amade anciphisa ama-slices ensimu ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
2. I-ASTM A252 Ibanga 3: Ukwakheka Kwezinto Nezimpawu Zokusebenza
I-ASTM A252 Ibanga lesi-3 liyizinga lamandla aphezulu kakhulu ku-A252 specification yamapayipi ensimbi ahlanganisiwe futhi angenamthungo. Amandla amancane okukhiqiza angama-345 MPa (50,000 psi) kanye namandla okudonsa angama-455 MPa (66,000 psi). Ngokungafani ne-API 5L, i-A252 ayinazo izigaba ze-PSL1/PSL2 kodwa idinga ukuguguleka okuhle (ukunwebeka) kanye nomsindo wokuwelda ukuze kushayelwe ensimini.
Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali (ubuningi be-% ngobuningi – okuvamile eBangeni lesi-3, i-ASTM A252 ayimiseli imikhawulo eqondile):
| Isici | Ububanzi Obujwayelekile (Insimbi Yabesifazane) |
| C | 0.20 – 0.26 |
| Mn | 0.80 – 1.30 |
| P | ≤ 0.030 |
| S | ≤ 0.030 |
| Si | 0.15 – 0.40 |
| I-CEV | ≤ 0.45 (okuvamile ≤ 0.42) |
I-Womic isebenzisa amazinga e-carbon ne-manganese alawulwayo ukuze ifinyelele amandla eBanga lesi-3 ngenkathi igcina ukuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu kanye nokushintshwa kwensimu.
Izakhiwo Zomshini (Izinga Lokushisa Legumbi):
| Impahla | Ibanga lesi-3 le-ASTM A252 |
| Amandla Okukhiqiza (iminithi) | I-345 MPa (50,000 psi) |
| Amandla Okudonsa (iminithi) | I-455 MPa (66,000 psi) |
| Ukwelulwa (iminithi) | 20% (ngegeyiji engu-50mm) |
| Ukuqina (okuvamile) | 75-85 HRB |
Ukuqhathaniswa namaBanga e-ASTM A252:
| Ibanga | I-MPa ephumayo (iminithi) | I-MPa ethambile (iminithi) | Isicelo Esijwayelekile |
| Ibanga 1 | 205 | 310 | Umsebenzi olula, ukunqwabelanisa okwesikhashana |
| Ibanga lesi-2 | 240 | 415 | Ukufakwa kwesisekelo okujwayelekile |
| Ibanga lesi-3 | 345 | 455 | Umsebenzi onzima, isisekelo esijulile, ulwandle |
Ibanga lesi-3 liqine cishe ngo-40% kunebanga lesi-2, okuvumela izingxenye zodonga ezincane noma umthamo womthwalo ophezulu wobubanzi obufanayo.
3. Ukuhambisana Nobubanzi Nokulinganisa Kwezindinganiso
| Into | Imininingwane |
| Okujwayelekile | I-ASTM A252 Ibanga lesi-3 (futhi iBanga loku-1, iBanga lesi-2 liyatholakala) |
| Izinqubo Zokukhiqiza | I-JCOE, i-UOE, ipuleti eligoqiwe (umthungo owodwa/ophindwe kabili) |
| Ububanzi Bobubanzi Bangaphandle | 219mm – 3,500mm (8″ – 138″) |
| Ububanzi Bokujiya Kodonga | I-JCOE/UOE: 6.0mm – 50.8mm; Ipuleti eligoqiwe: 25mm – 100mm |
| Ibanga Lobude | Okujwayelekile: 6m, 12m, 18m; Okunwetshiwe: kufika ku-60m (izingxenye ezishiselwe) |
| Ukuqeda Ukuqeda | I-Plain End (PE), i-Beveled End (BE), noma ehlanganiswe ngocingo (uma iceliwe) |
| Ukuqedwa Komphezulu | Okungenalutho, Okugcotshwe ngamafutha, Okumbozwe ngomnyama, Okumbozwe nge-Epoxy, Okumbozwe nge-Coal Tar Epoxy, Okumbozwe nge-Zinc (okufakwe i-galvanized) |
| Ukubekezelelana | I-OD: ±0.75% noma ±3.2mm; Isisindo: -0% / +15%; Ubude: +100mm / -0mm yokuhlanganisa (akunabo ubukhali obuqinile kune-API) |
| Ukuqonda | ≤ 0.2% yobude (okuvamile) |
4. Ubukhulu Nemininingwane Etholakalayo – Ipayipi Lensimbi le-ASTM A252 Grade 3 LSAW (Osayizi Abajwayelekile Abakhethiwe)
| I-OD (mm) | Izinketho ze-WT (mm) | Inqubo | Isisindo Esilinganiselwayo (kg/m) | Ubude Obujwayelekile | Isicelo Esijwayelekile |
| 219 | 6.4, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5 | I-JCOE | 33.6 – 63.6 | 12m / 18m | Isisekelo sokwakha |
| 273 | 6.4, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5 | I-JCOE | 42.1 – 80.1 | 12m / 18m | Ibhuloho eliyi-pier |
| 324 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0 | I-JCOE | 62.4 – 107.1 | 12m / 18m | Ukufakwa kwezibuko |
| 406 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0 | I-JCOE/UOE | 78.5 – 153.9 | 12m / 18m | Isisekelo sechweba |
| 508 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0 | I-UOE | 122.8 – 229.1 | 12m / 18m / 24m | Ukufakwa kwenqwaba yasolwandle |
| 610 | 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0 | I-UOE | 184.2 – 319.1 | 12m / 18m / 24m | Ukwandiswa kwechweba |
| 711 | 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4 | I-JCOE/UOE | 215.3 – 429.4 | 12m / 18m | Ipulatifomu yase-offshore |
| 813 | 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0 | I-JCOE | 275.9 – 579.8 | 12m / 18m | Isisekelo esijulile |
| 914 | 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0 | I-JCOE/Egoqiwe | 354.4 – 759.2 | 12m / 18m | Ibhuloho i-caisson |
| 1,016 | 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0 | Kugoqwe | 467.1 – 963.9 | 12m / 18m | Isikhungo sasemanzini |
| 1,220 | 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0, 45.0, 50.0 | Kugoqwe | 650.0 – 1,450.5 | 12m / 18m | Ijakethi yase-offshore |
| 1,422 | 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0, 45.0, 50.0, 60.0 | Kugoqwe | 875.1 – 2,016.8 | 12m / 18m | Izinqwaba ezinkulu zasolwandle |
| 1,600 | 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 60.0, 70.0, 80.0 | Kugoqwe kabili (okuphindwe kabili) | 1,162 – 3,000 | 12m / 18m | Isisekelo samanzi ajulile |
| 2,000 | 40.0, 50.0, 60.0, 70.0, 80.0, 90.0 | Kugoqwe kabili (okuphindwe kabili) | 1,933 – 4,240 | 12m | Iphrojekthi enkulu yechweba |
| 2,500 | 50.0, 60.0, 70.0, 80.0, 90.0, 100.0 | Kugoqwe kabili (okuphindwe kabili) | 3,023 – 5,917 | 12m | Isakhiwo esikhulu sasolwandle |
| 3,000 | 60.0, 70.0, 80.0, 90.0, 100.0 | Kugoqwe kabili (okuphindwe kabili) | 4,351 – 7,149 | 12m | Ipulazi lomoya elingaphesheya kwezilwandle |
Amapayipi okubopha odongeni asindayo (≥ 50mm) angadinga i-PWHT ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka okusele. Ezindaweni ezimuncu (zasolwandle), ukulawulwa kobulukhuni okwengeziwe kunganikezwa uma kuceliwe.
5. Izindinganiso Ezivamile Namabanga - Ipayipi Lokufaka Izintambo Ezihlelekile
| Okujwayelekile | Amabanga Ensimbi | Isicelo Esijwayelekile | Inqubo Yokwakha |
| I-ASTM A252 | Ibanga 1, 2, 3 | Ukufakwa kwesisekelo, ulwandle | I-JCOE/UOE/Egoqiwe |
| I-EN 10248 | I-S235GP, S275GP, S355GP | Ukufakwa kweshidi eligoqwe ngokushisa (ipayipi) | Kugoqwe |
| I-EN 10219 | I-S235JRH, S275JRH, S355JRH, S355J2H | Izingxenye ezingenalutho ezakhiwe ngesakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe ezibandayo | I-JCOE/Egoqiwe |
| I-API 5L | GR.B, X42, X52 | Ukunqwabelanisa amapulatifomu kawoyela/igesi | I-JCOE/UOE |
| I-ASTM A500 | GR.B, GR.C | Ishubhu eliyindilinga lesakhiwo | I-JCOE |
| I-BS 7191 | S275, S355 | Isakhiwo sasogwini lolwandle | Kugoqwe |
Isifinyezo sokusetshenziswa:Izisekelo zamabhuloho, ukufakwa kwezibuko kanye nezindawo zokupaka, izinqwaba zejakethi yesikhulumi sasogwini, izisekelo ze-wind turbine, izisekelo zokwakha ezijulile, ama-cofferdams, izinhlelo ze-marine fender.
6. Izinqubo Zokukhiqiza – I-LSAW yama-ASTM A252 Grade 3 Steel Pipe Piles
I-Womic Steel ikhetha inqubo ngokusekelwe kububanzi kanye nobukhulu bodonga. Ekusetshenzisweni kokufaka izintambo, ukubekezelelana kobukhulu akuqinile kangako kune-API 5L, kodwa ubuqotho bokushisela kanye nokuguquguquka kubalulekile ekushayeleni ngesando.
Inqubo ye-JCOE (406–1,422mm OD, 6.0–50.8mm WET):
● Ukugaya umphetho wepuleti (i-bevel elula, akukho mfuneko eqinile ye-X noma i-J)
● Ukwakheka kwe-JCO ngokulandelana
● Ukushisela kwe-SAW (ngaphakathi nangaphandle)
● Ukwandiswa kwemishini (ongakukhetha – amapayipi okufaka inqwaba ngokuvamile awadingi ukwandiswa)
● Kufanelekela iningi lezinqwaba zesisekelo
Inqubo ye-UOE (508–1,220mm OD, 6.0–40mm WET):
● Cindezela u-U kanye no-O ngokunwetshwa
● Ikhiqiza izinqwaba eziyindilinga kakhulu - iwusizo ekubekezeleleni ukushayela okuqinile emigodini ebholiwe ngaphambilini
● Isetshenziselwa izinqwaba zeplatifomu zasogwini
Ipuleti Eligoqiwe (Umthungo Owodwa) Wodonga Olunzima Nobubanzi Obukhulu (600–3,500mm OD, 25–100mm WIT):
● Ukugoba okugobayo okunezingqimba ezine kusilinda
● Ukushisela kwe-Longitudinal SAW (ukusebenzisa ama-multi-pass ukuze kusetshenziswe izindonga ezijiyile)
● Akukho ukwandiswa kwemishini (ukubekezelelana kwamaqanda ±0.75% kuyamukeleka ekuhlanganiseni)
● Kuhle kakhulu ezinqwabeni ezinkulu zasolwandle lapho ukugoba kungabalulekile kangako kunomthamo womthwalo
Ipuleti Eligoqiwe (Umthungo Ophindwe Kabili) Lobubanzi Obukhulu Kakhulu (1,200–3,500mm OD, 25–100mm WIT):
● Amapuleti amabili agoqwe futhi ashiselwe emithungweni emibili
● Umthungo ngamunye uhlolwe nge-100% UT kanye ne-RT
● Isetshenziselwa ama-pile amakhulu kakhulu anobubanzi (ama-monopile epulazi lomoya afinyelela ku-10m OD)
Ukwakhiwa Kwenqwaba Ende (kufika ku-60m):Kumaphrojekthi adinga ama-pile amade kakhulu (isb., ama-monopile omoya ogwini lolwandle), i-Womic ingashisela izingxenye eziningi ezingamamitha ayi-12 noma ayi-18 ukusuka ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni kusetshenziswa ama-weld ajikelezayo e-SAW angena ngokugcwele. Ukushisela ngakunye okujikelezayo kuhlolwa yi-100% UT kanye ne-RT. I-pile eqediwe incishiswa ukucindezeleka (PWHT) uma ubukhulu bodonga budlula ama-40mm.
7. Izinqubo Zokulawula Ikhwalithi Nokuhlola ze-ASTM A252 Grade 3 LSAW Steel Pipe
| Isiteji | Indlela Yokuhlola | Inhloso |
| Ipuleti | Ukuhlaziywa Kwamakhemikhali | Qinisekisa amazinga e-carbon/manganese |
| Ipuleti | Ukuhlolwa Kokunamathela | Qinisekisa ukuvunwa kanye nokuthambekela (≥ 345/455 MPa) |
| Ipuleti | Ukuhlolwa Kokugoba | Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-Ductility |
| Kusenqubo | Ubukhulu (OD, WT, ovality) | Qinisekisa ukufana kwamapayipi |
| Umthungo wokushisela | Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic (100% yama-pile abucayi) | Thola amaphutha okushisela |
| Umthungo wokushisela | RT (indawo – 10% ejwayelekile yokuhlanganisa) | Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yokushisela |
| Umthungo wokushisela | I-MPI (izinzwane zokushisela) | Imifantu engaphezulu (ibalulekile kuma-piles aqhutshwayo) |
| Ipayipi eliqediwe | Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hydrostatic (ongakukhetha - ukuhlanganisa ama-piles akuvamile) | Kuphela uma kuchaziwe |
| Ipayipi eliqediwe | Ukuhlolwa Kokugoba Okuqondiswayo (ukushisela) | Ukuqina kokushisela kokushayela |
| Ipayipi eliqediwe | Ukuhlolwa Kokuthamba | Ukuqina komzimba wepayipi |
| Ipayipi eliqediwe | Okubonakalayo Nokumaka | Isimo somphezulu, ukumakwa kobude |
Kwama-pile aqhutshwayo (ukufakwa kwesando):Ukuhlolwa kwe-Weld MPI kanye nokugoba okuqondisiwe kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-weld iyasinda ekushayweni komthwalo.
Ongakukhetha ezindaweni zasolwandle noma ezigqwalisayo:
● Ukuhlolwa kokumboza (ukutholwa kwamaholide, ukunamathela, ukujiya)
● Ukuhlolwa kokuqina (kwezindawo zasolwandle ezimuncu)
● I-PWHT yezinqwaba zodonga ezijiyile (> 50mm)
8. Izicelo Eziyinhloko – Ipayipi Lensimbi le-ASTM A252 Grade 3 LSAW
●Izisekelo zebhuloho– Izinqwaba ezijulile zezinsika zamabhuloho ezisogwini lomfula kanye nezimo zenhlabathi ethambile
● Ukufakwa kwenqwaba yezibuko kanye netheku– Izikebhe, izindonga ze-quay, izisekelo zesiteshi sezinto zokufaka izitsha
● Izinqwaba zejakethi zasepulatifomu zasogwini– Izinqwaba zesisekelo zamapulatifomu kawoyela/igesi ekujuleni kwamanzi okungajulile kuya kokuphakathi
● Izisekelo zombhoshongo we-turbine yomoya– Ama-monopile amapulazi omoya asogwini lolwandle (ngokuvamile ububanzi obukhulu, udonga olujiyile)
● Izisekelo ezijulile zokwakha izitezi eziphakeme– Izinqwaba ezithwala umthwalo zezakhiwo ezinde ezindaweni zasemadolobheni
● Izinqwaba zokusekela izifende zasemanzini- Izinhlelo ze-Fender zokubeka imikhumbi
● Ama-Cofferdam kanye nezindonga zokuvikela– Ukugcinwa komhlaba okwesikhashana noma unomphela
● Izimpawu zomgwaqo omkhulu kanye nezisekelo zezinsika zokukhanya– Izinqwaba ezincane zobubanzi bengqalasizinda yezokuthutha
● Izinqwaba zokuzinzisa inhlabathi- Amaphrojekthi okuthuthukisa umhlabathi
● Izisekelo zebhuloho lesitimela– Ingqalasizinda yezitimela ezisindayo
9. Ukupakisha Nokuthumela – Ipayipi Lensimbi le-ASTM A252 Grade 3 LSAW
Amapayipi okufaka inqwaba ngokuvamile athunyelwa ngobuningi obukhulu, ngokuvamile athunyelwa ngqo ezindaweni zokwakha.
Ukupakisha:
● Ububanzi obuncane (≤ 610mm): Kuhlanganiswe ngezintambo zensimbi (izintambo ezingu-3-5 ngenqwaba ngayinye) ngamaphedi avikelayo ekhoneni.
● Ububanzi obukhulu (> 610mm): Amapayipi ngamanye, ahlukaniswe ngodaka lwezinkuni.
● Izinqwaba zodonga ezisindayo: Amapayipi ngamanye anezisekeli ezifakwe uthango ezindaweni ezingu-3-4.
● Izivalo zokugcina: Izivalo zepulasitiki zezinhlangothi ezigobile; iziphetho ezingenalutho zingashiywa zivulekile.
● Ukuvikelwa kokumboza: Kwezinqwaba ezimbozwe ngendwangu, ukugoqa irabha noma ukugoqa ngefoam phakathi kwezingqimba.
Ukuthunyelwa:
● Izitsha eziqhekekile ezinobukhulu obukhulu nezinde (kufika ku-60m)
● Ama-rack ayisicaba noma izitsha ezivulekile ezinobude obufika ku-18m
● Izitsha zobubanzi obuncane (< 610mm, ≤ 12m)
● Isitimela noma iloli lokulethwa ngaphakathi ezweni
Imibhalo:Isitifiketi Sokuhlolwa Komshini (EN 10204 Uhlobo 3.1), umbiko wobukhulu, imibiko ye-UT/RT (uma icacisiwe), uhlu lokupakisha, i-invoyisi yezentengiselwano, i-COO.
10. Izinzuzo zensimbi ye-Womic kanye ne-FAQ - Ipayipi lensimbi ye-ASTM A252 Grade 3 LSAW
Kungani Insimbi Yomsundu Ye-ASTM A252 Ibanga Lesi-3 Lokufaka Ipayipi?
●Amandla amakhulu obubanzi afinyelela ku-3,500mm (138″) – afaneleka kakhulu kuma-monopiles kanye nama-marine piles amakhulu
●Udonga olusindayo olufika ku-100mm - lusekela imithwalo ephezulu kakhulu ye-axial kanye ne-lateral
●Ukwenziwa kwenqwaba ende kufikela ku-60m - kunciphisa izingcezu zensimu kanye nesikhathi sokufakwa
●Izinqubo eziningi (i-JCOE, i-UOE, ipuleti eligoqiwe) zokukhiqiza okungabizi kakhulu
●Ukuhlolwa komuntu wesithathu kuyatholakala (i-SGS, i-BV, i-ABS, i-DNV)
●Amapayipi okufaka izintambo angaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-500 ahlinzekwa emhlabeni jikelele
●Amanani ancintisanayo kumaphrojekthi engqalasizinda amakhulu
Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa:
U: Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-ASTM A252 Grade 3 kanye ne-API 5L X52 yokufaka amapayipi?
A: Ibanga lesi-3 linamandla aphansi (345 MPa uma kuqhathaniswa ne-X52's 360 MPa) kodwa lenzelwe ngqo ukufakwa kwezintambo okuqhutshwayo. Linesidingo sokuguquguquka okuphezulu kanye nokwelulwa (20% min) futhi libekezelela kakhulu ukulayisha okunamandla ngesikhathi sokushayela ngesando. I-API 5L X52 ingasetshenziswa futhi ekufakweni kwezintambo, kodwa iBanga lesi-3 liyindinganiso yemboni yezinqwaba zesisekelo eNyakatho Melika kanye namaphrojekthi amaningi aphesheya.
U: Ungakwazi yini ukuletha izinqwaba ezinde ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-18?
A: Yebo. Singakwazi ukushisela izingxenye eziningi ezingamamitha ayi-12 noma ayi-18 ndawonye ukuze sikhiqize ubude obufika kumamitha angama-60. Ukushisela ngakunye okuzungezile kuhlolwa yi-100% UT futhi kungahlolwa yi-RT uma kuceliwe. Lezi zinqwaba ezinde zivame ukusetshenziselwa ama-monopile omoya wasogwini (ubude obungamamitha angama-30-50).
U: Bungakanani ubukhulu bodonga obuphezulu bepayipi le-LSAW lebanga lesi-3?
A: Ipuleti eligoqiwe elilodwa elinomucu ofika ku-100mm, umcu ophindwe kabili nawo ufika ku-100mm. Ukuze udonga lube nobukhulu obungaphezu kuka-100mm (isb., 120mm), sicela usithinte ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwephrojekthi. Sihlinzeke ngama-pile angu-120mm WT ezisekelweni ezikhethekile zamanzi ajulile.
Q: Ingabe la mapayipi adinga ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic?
A: I-ASTM A252 ayidingi ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic ngoba amapayipi okufaka izintambo awagcini ingcindezi. Kodwa-ke, uma iphrojekthi yakho idinga ukuhlolwa kwe-hydro (isb., kokufakwa kwezintambo ezihlanganisiwe kanye nokuthuthwa koketshezi), singakwenza ngezindleko ezengeziwe.
U: Yikuphi ukumbozwa okunconywayo kokufakwa kwenqwaba yasolwandle?
A: Ezindaweni zasemanzini olwandle, i-coal tar epoxy (ubukhulu obungu-600-800 microns) noma i-glass flake epoxy ivamile. Ezindaweni ze-splash zone, sincoma i-FBE noma i-3LPE enokumelana okwengeziwe kokuguguleka. Kumanzi noma inhlabathi entsha, ipayipi elimnyama elingenalutho noma indawo enamafutha ivame ukwanele.
Q: Uqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi ama-weld ayasinda ekushayeleni ngesando?
A: Senza i-UT engu-100% yomthungo we-weld kanye ne-MPI (ukuhlolwa kwezinhlayiya ze-magnetic) zezinzwane ze-weld ukuze sithole noma yikuphi ukuqhekeka kobuso. Senza nokuhlolwa kokugoba okuqondiswayo kumasampula e-weld ukuqinisekisa ukuqina. Kuma-piles aqhutshwa ngokubalulekile, singanikeza nokuhlolwa komthelela we-Charpy ku-0°C noma ngaphansi.
Q: Singakanani isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuhola amapayipi okufaka izintambo eBangeni lesi-3?
A: Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuhola: izinsuku ezingama-30-45 zamadayamitha ≤ 1,422mm. Kumapayipi amakhulu aqoshiwe anedayamitha (> 1,422mm): izinsuku ezingama-45-60. Kuma-pile amade ahlanganisiwe (kufika ku-60m): engeza amasonto ama-2-3 okushisela okujikelezayo nokuhlola.
Inkomba Yephrojekthi – Ukwandiswa Kwetheminali Yeziqukathi Zechweba laseHouston
Izwe:I-United States (eHouston, eTexas)
Okujwayelekile kanye Nezinga:I-ASTM A252 Ibanga 3 (ene-Charpy eyengeziwe ku-0°C)
Ubukhulu kanye nobuningi:
●OD 914mm (36″) × WIT 19.0mm – 18,000 amamitha (cishe amathani angu-7,600) akhiqizwe yinqubo ye-JCOE
●OD 1,067mm (42″) × UBUNZIMA 22.2mm – 9,000 amamitha (cishe amathani angu-4,600) akhiqizwe ngepuleti eligoqiwe elilodwa
●OD 1,219mm (48″) × UBUNZIMA 25.4mm – 3,500 amamitha (cishe amathani angu-2,500) akhiqizwe ngepuleti eligoqiwe elilodwa (lezindawo zokubeka amanzi ajulile)
Isiyonke:Amamitha angu-30,500 (30.5 km) okufakwa kwenqwaba, cishe amathani angu-14,700
Imininingwane:Iziphetho ezingenalutho (ukusika okuyisikwele) nge-chamfer, i-epoxy coating (ama-micron angu-500, uhlobo lwe-coal tar epoxy) yokuvikela ukugqwala emanzini anosawoti aseHouston Ship Channel. Ukuhlolwa kokuthamba okuphoqelekile (akukho mifantu ngemva kokuthamba okungu-1/3 ububanzi). Ukuhlolwa kokugoba okuqondiswayo kokuguquguquka kokuthamba. I-UT engu-100% yomthungo wokuthamba kanye ne-10% RT spot. I-MPI yezinzwane zokuthamba. Umthelela we-Charpy ku-0°C (min 20J, ejwayelekile engu-40-60J). Ukuhlolwa komuntu wesithathu yi-SGS.
Isicelo:Ukwandiswa kweBayport Container Terminal ePort of Houston. Lo msebenzi wawuhilela ukwakha izindawo ezimbili ezintsha zokubeka izitsha (udonga oluphelele lwe-quay oluyi-1,200m) olunendawo yokugcina izitsha eceleni komhlaba. Izinqwaba zamapayipi ensimbi zisebenza njengesisekelo sesakhiwo sedekhi yekhonkrithi (izinqwaba ezithwala umthwalo eziqondile) kanye nezinqwaba zokusekela i-fender (umthwalo ohambisanayo). Ukujula kwamanzi ezindaweni zokubeka izitsha: 16m.
Izinselele Zobuchwepheshe Nezixazululo:
●Indawo enamanzi anosawoti owonakalisayo– I-Houston Ship Channel inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-chloride (10,000-18,000 ppm) kanye ne-pH ephansi (6.5-7.0) ngenxa yokugeleza kwamanzi ezimbonini. I-Womic efakwe i-coal tar epoxy coating (600 microns DFT) enezendlalelo ezimbili: i-primer (200 microns) + i-topcoat (400 microns). I-coating idlule ukuhlolwa kwe-salt spray kwamahora angu-3,000 (ASTM B117) nge-<2mm creep. Ukutholwa kweholide kwenziwe ku-3.5kV ngaphandle kokwehluleka.
●Ukucindezeleka okuphezulu kokushayela esihlabathini esiminyene– Iphrofayili yomhlabathi esiphethrini iqukethe isihlabathi esinodaka oluqinile esinamanani e-standard penetration test (SPT) N angu-30-50. Ukucindezeleka kokushayela inqwaba kufinyelele ku-80% wamandla okukhiqiza. I-Womic yenze izivivinyo zokugoba eziqondiswayo kumakhuphoni okugoba (i-bend radius engu-4x ubukhulu, 180°) ngaphandle kwemifantu. Siphinde sahlinzeka nge-weld MPI kuyo yonke inqwaba yama-50 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho mifantu yezinzwane. Usonkontileka wokushayela inqwaba yeklayenti ubike ukuthi akukho mifantu ephukile ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwamanqwaba angu-2,100.
●Ubude bezinqwaba ezinde zezindawo zokulala zamanzi ajulile– Indawo yokulala ejulile yayidinga izinqwaba eziqhutshwa ziye ekujuleni kwamamitha angu-32 (amamitha angu-20 phansi kolwandle + amamitha angu-12 ngaphezu komugqa wodaka). Izihlanganisi ezijwayelekile zamamitha angu-12 zizodinga izingcezu zensimu ezintathu ngenqwaba ngayinye. I-Womic inikeze izingcezu zensimu ezingamamitha angu-18 ubude (umthungo owodwa wepuleti eligoqiwe) zezingcezu ze-1,067mm kanye ne-1,219mm, okunciphisa izingcezu zensimu kusuka ku-3 kuya ku-2 ngenqwaba ngayinye (konga isikhathi sokushisela esingu-35%). Siphinde sahlinzeka ngezingcezu zensimu ezingamamitha angu-36 ubude bohlelo lwe-fender (akukho zingcezu ezidingekayo) ngokushisela izingxenye ezimbili ezingamamitha angu-18 kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni nge-SAW egcwele ukungena kanye ne-UT engu-100%.
●Ukuqina komthelela wokushayela ebusika– Amazinga okushisa asebusika eHouston angehla afike ku--5°C. Ukushayela ngenqwaba emazingeni okushisa aphansi kuyingozi yokuphuka. I-Womic enikezwe i-Grade 3 enokuqina okuthuthukisiwe kokushisa okuphansi: Umthelela we-Charpy ku-0°C min 20J (i-A252 ejwayelekile ayidingi ukuhlolwa komthelela). Imiphumela yangempela: 45-65J ku-0°C, 35-50J ku-10°C. Iklayenti lifake lokhu njengemfuneko engaphoqelekile kodwa ezuzisayo.
●Ukulethwa kwe-Logistics ngesikhathi esifanele– Indawo yokwakha yayinendawo elinganiselwe yokubeka phansi (amamitha-skwele angu-8,000 kuphela). I-Womic ihlele ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla ezine (cishe amathani angu-3,700 ngalinye) ezinyangeni ezi-5. Amapayipi alethwa ngesikebhe esikhulu esivela eShanghai siya eHouston, bese ethunyelwa ngamaqoqo amathani angu-200 njalo emavikini ama-2. Ithimba lezokuthutha le-Womic lixhumane negunya lechweba ukuze kubekwe phambili ukulayisha nokuqondisa ukulayisha kweloli, kugwenywe ukugcinwa echwebeni. Konke ukuthunyelwa kwafika zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-±3 kusukela ezinsukwini ezihleliwe.
●Ukuthobela umthetho wokuyekiswa kwe-Buy America– Iphrojekthi yePort of Houston yayidinga ukuxolelwa kwensimbi yangaphandle ngoba ukukhiqizwa kwasekhaya e-US kwakungakwazi ukuhlangabezana nesheduli. I-Womic inikeze imibhalo enemininingwane ehlanganisa izitifiketi zomshini wokugaya, izwe lokuvela kulo, kanye nokulandeleka kwezinto. Ukuxolelwa kwavunyelwa, futhi wonke amathani angu-14,700 avunyelwe i-US Customs ngaphandle kokulibaziseka.
● Umphumela:Ukwandiswa kweBayport Container Terminal kwaqedwa ngekota yesithathu ka-2024, ngaphambi kwesikhathi esibekiwe. Zonke izinqwaba zamapayipi ensimbi ezingu-2,100 ziphumelele ukuhlolwa komthwalo (ukuhlolwa komthwalo ongaguquki ku-5% wezinqwaba: ukuxazululwa < 10mm ngomthwalo womklamo ongu-2x). Iziphathimandla zechweba zibike ukuthi azikho izinkinga zezinqwaba noma izinkinga zokumboza. I-Womic Steel ithole umklomelo "wokuPhakamisa Ukusebenza Komhlinzeki" kunkontileka jikelele (inkampani enkulu yobunjiniyela bezokwakha yase-US). Lesi sikhungo manje siyasebenza, siphatha ama-TEU ayizigidi ezingu-1.5 minyaka yonke.
Xhumana:
Iwebhusayithi: www.womicsteel.com
I-imeyili: sales@womicsteel.com
Ucingo / WhatsApp / WeChat:
UVictor: +86 15575100681
UJack: +86 18390957568
I-Womic Steel – Umlingani wakho othembekile wezinqwaba zamapayipi ensimbi e-ASTM A252 Grade 3 LSAW ezisekelweni zamabhuloho, ukufakwa kwezinqwaba zasolwandle, izisekelo zokwakha ezijulile, kanye nama-monopile epulazi lomoya olwandle emhlabeni jikelele.
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