Amapayipi amakhemikhali nama-valve ayingxenye ebalulekile yokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali futhi ayisixhumanisi phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yamakhemikhali.Asebenza kanjani ama-valve ama-5 avame kakhulu kumapayipi amakhemikhali?Inhloso eyinhloko?Ayini amapayipi amakhemikhali namavalvu okufakwayo?(izinhlobo ezingu-11 zamapayipi + 4 izinhlobo zokufakwa + 11 amavalvu) amapayipi amakhemikhali lezi zinto, ukubamba ngokugcwele!
3
11 ama-valve amakhulu
Ithuluzi elisetshenziswa ukulawula ukugeleza koketshezi epayipini libizwa ngokuthi i-valve.Izindima zayo ezinkulu yilezi:
Vula futhi uvale indima - nqamula noma uxhumane nokugeleza koketshezi epayipini;
Ukulungiswa - ukulungisa izinga lokugeleza kwamanzi epayipini, ukugeleza;
I-Throttling - ukugeleza kwamanzi ku-valve, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwengcindezi.
Ukuhlukaniswa:
Ngokwendima ye-valve epayipini ihlukile, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-valve yokusika (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-globe valve), i-throttle valve, i-valve yokuhlola, ama-valve okuphepha njalonjalo;
Ngokusho kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zesakhiwo zamavalvu zingahlukaniswa ngamavalvu esango, ipulaki (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Cocker), ama-valve ebhola, ama-butterfly valves, ama-diaphragm valves, ama-valve anemigqa nokunye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kokukhiqizwa kwezinto ezihlukene ze-valve, futhi ihlukaniswe ngama-valve ensimbi engagqwali, ama-valve ensimbi, ama-valve ensimbi, ama-plastic valve, ama-ceramic valve nokunye.
Ukukhethwa kwe-valve okuhlukahlukene kungatholakala kumamanyuwali namasampuli afanelekile, kuphela izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-valve ezethulwa lapha.
① I-Globe Valve
Ngenxa yesakhiwo esilula, kulula ukukhiqiza nokugcina, sisetshenziswa kabanzi kumapayipi okucindezela okuphansi naphakathi.Ifakwe esiqwini se-valve ngaphansi kwe-disc ye-valve eyindilinga (ikhanda le-valve) kanye nengxenye ye-valve yomzimba we-valve (isihlalo se-valve) ukuze kuzuzwe inhloso yokunqamula ukugeleza koketshezi.
Isiqu se-valve singashintshwa ngokuphakamisa intambo idigri yokuvula i-valve, idlale indima ethile ekulawuleni.Ngenxa yokunqamuka kwevalvu ukuthembela esihlokweni se-valve nesesihlalo sendiza yesihlalo, okungafanelekile ukusetshenziswa epayipini eliqukethe izinhlayiya eziqinile zoketshezi.
I-Globe Valve ingasetshenziswa ngokuvumelana nezici zemidiya ukukhetha ikhanda elifanele le-valve, isihlalo, impahla yegobolondo.Ukuze usebenzise i-valve ngenxa yokubekwa uphawu okubi noma ikhanda, isihlalo kanye nezinye izingxenye ze-valve zonakalisiwe, ungathatha ummese wokukhanya, ukugaya, ukuvela phezulu nezinye izindlela zokulungisa nokusebenzisa, ukuze ukwandise impilo yesevisi ye-valve. i-valve.
②Ivaluzi yesango
Incike ekuqondeni kokugeleza kwemidiya ngepuleti elilodwa noma amabili ayisicaba, nendawo evalekayo yomzimba we-valve ukufeza inhloso yokuvala.I-valve plate iphakanyisiwe ukuvula i-valve.
Ipuleti eliyisicaba elizungeza isiqu se-valve kanye nokuphakamisa, nosayizi wembobo yokulawula ukugeleza koketshezi.Lokhu kumelana nama-valve kuncane, ukusebenza kahle kokuvala, ukushintsha ukonga umsebenzi, kulungele ikakhulukazi ipayipi elikhulu le-caliber, kodwa ukwakheka kwe-valve yesango kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kunezinhlobo eziningi.
Ngokusho kwesakhiwo se-stem sihlukile, kukhona isiqu esivulekile nesiqu esimnyama;ngokusho kwesakhiwo sepuleti ye-valve ihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwe-wedge, uhlobo oluhambisanayo nokunye.
Ngokuvamile, ipuleti ye-valve yohlobo lwe-wedge iyipuleti ye-valve eyodwa, futhi uhlobo oluhambisanayo lisebenzisa amapuleti ama-valve amabili.Uhlobo Parallel kulula ukwenza kunohlobo inkaba, ukulungiswa okuhle, ukusetshenziswa akulula deformation, kodwa akufanele isetshenziselwe ukuthuthwa ukungcola epayipini uketshezi, more for ukuthuthwa kwamanzi, igesi ehlanzekile, uwoyela kanye namanye amapayipi.
③Faka ama-valve
Ipulaki yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-Cocker, ukusetshenziswa kwe-valve yomzimba ukufaka imbobo emaphakathi ne-conical plug ukuvula nokuvala ipayipi.
Ipulaki ngokwamafomu okuvala ahlukene, ingahlukaniswa ipulaki yokupakisha, ipulaki evalwe ngamafutha futhi ayikho ipulaki yokupakisha nokunye.Isakhiwo sepulaki silula, izilinganiso zangaphandle ezincane, zivuleka futhi zivale ngokushesha, kulula ukusebenza, ukumelana noketshezi oluncane, kulula ukwenza ukusabalalisa kwezindlela ezintathu noma ezine noma i-valve yokushintsha.
Indawo yokuvala ipulaki inkulu, kulula ukuyigqoka, ukushintsha kuyakhandla, akulula ukulungisa ukugeleza, kodwa kunqanyulwe ngokushesha.Ipulaki ingasetshenziselwa ukucindezela okuphansi kanye nezinga lokushisa noma okuphakathi okuqukethe izinhlayiya eziqinile epayipini loketshezi, kodwa akufanele lisetshenziselwe ukucindezela okuphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma ipayipi lesitimu.
④I-Throttle Valve
Ingowohlobo olulodwa lwevalvu yembulunga.Ukuma kwekhanda le-valve yayo ku-conical noma ku-streamlined, okungalawula kangcono ukugeleza koketshezi olulawulwayo noma ukulawulwa kwe-throttling nokucindezela.I-valve idinga ukunemba okuphezulu kokukhiqiza nokusebenza kahle kokuvala uphawu.
Isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukulawula izinsimbi noma amasampula namanye amapayipi, kodwa akufanele isetshenziselwe i-viscosity nezinhlayiya eziqinile epayipini.
⑤Ivaluzi yebhola
I-valve yebhola, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-ball centre valve, iwuhlobo lwevalvu ethuthukiswe ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva.Isebenzisa ibhola elinembobo phakathi nendawo njengesikhungo se-valve, incike ekujikelezeni kwebhola ukuze ilawule ukuvuleka noma ukuvala kwevalvu.
Iyafana nepulaki, kodwa incane kunendawo evalekayo yepulaki, isakhiwo esihlangene, ukushintsha ukonga ukusebenza, esetshenziswa kabanzi kakhulu kunepulaki.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kokunemba kokukhiqiza ama-valve ebhola, ama-valve ebhola awasetshenziswa kuphela epayipini elinengcindezi ephansi, futhi asetshenziswe epayipini elinengcindezi ephezulu.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwezinto zokuvala uphawu, akufanelekile ukusetshenziswa kumapayipi okushisa aphezulu.
⑥ Amavalvu e-diaphragm
Okuvame ukutholakala amavalvu enjoloba e-diaphragm.Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwale valve kuyi-diaphragm yerabha ekhethekile, i-diaphragm iboshwe phakathi komzimba we-valve kanye nesembozo se-valve, futhi i-disc engaphansi kwesiqu se-valve icindezela i-diaphragm ngokuqinile emzimbeni we-valve ukuze kuzuzwe ukuvala.
Le valve inesakhiwo esilula, ukubekwa uphawu okuthembekile, ukugcinwa okulula nokumelana noketshezi oluphansi.Ifanele ukudlulisa imidiya ene-asidi namapayipi awuketshezi anazinto eziqinile ezimisiwe, kodwa ngokuvamile akufanele isetshenziselwe ukucindezela okuphezulu noma amazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-60 ℃, akufanele isetshenziselwe ukudlulisa izinyibilikisi zemvelo kanye nemidiya eqinile ye-oxidizing epayipini.
⑦ Hlola Valve
Aziwa nangokuthi ama-valve angabuyi noma ama-valve okuhlola.Ifakwe epayipini ukuze uketshezi lukwazi ukugeleza ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela, futhi ukugeleza okubuyela emuva akuvunyelwe.
Kuwuhlobo lwe-valve yokuvala okuzenzakalelayo, kukhona i-valve noma ipuleti elinyakazayo emzimbeni we-valve.Lapho okuphakathi kugeleza kahle, uketshezi luzovula ngokuzenzakalelayo i-valve flap;lapho uketshezi lugeleza luye emuva, uketshezi (noma amandla entwasahlobo) azovala ngokuzenzakalelayo i-flap ye-valve.Ngokusho kwesakhiwo esihlukile se-valve yesheke, ihlukaniswe yaba yizigaba ezimbili zokuphakamisa nokushwiba.
I-flap ye-valve yokuhlola isheke i-perpendicular ukunyakaza kokuphakamisa ishaneli ye-valve, ngokuvamile isetshenziswa epayipini elivundlile noma eliqondile;I-valve yokuhlola i-valve flap ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-rocker plate, i-rocker plate side exhunywe ku-shaft, ipuleti le-rocker lingakwazi ukuzungeziswa eduze kwe-shaft, i-valve yokuhlola ejikelezayo ngokuvamile ifakwe epayipini elivundlile, ngoba ububanzi obuncane bungafakwa futhi ipayipi elime mpo, kodwa qaphela ukugeleza akufanele kube kukhulu kakhulu.
Ivalvu yokuhlola ngokuvamile iyasebenza epayipini lemidiya elihlanzekile, eliqukethe izinhlayiya eziqinile kanye ne-viscosity yepayipi lemidiya akufanele kusetshenziswe.Ukusebenza okuvaliwe kwe-valve yokuhlola i-Lift kungcono kunohlobo lwe-swing, kodwa ukuphikiswa koketshezi lokuhlola i-valve yohlobo lwe-swing kuncane kunohlobo lokuphakamisa.Ngokuvamile, i-valve yokuhlola i-swing ifanele ipayipi elikhulu le-caliber.
⑧Ivaluvu yeButterfly
I-Butterfly valve iyidiski ejikelezayo (noma i-oval disk) yokulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwepayipi.Kuyisakhiwo esilula, izilinganiso zangaphandle ezincane.
Ngenxa yesakhiwo sokuvala kanye nezinkinga zezinto ezibonakalayo, ukusebenza kwe-valve evaliwe akubi kahle, kuphela ngenxa yokulawulwa kwepayipi eliphansi, elinobubanzi obukhulu, elivame ukusetshenziswa ekudluliseni amanzi, umoya, igesi kanye neminye imidiya epayipini.
⑨ Ivalvu Yokunciphisa Ingcindezi
Ukunciphisa ukucindezela okuphakathi kwenani elithile le-valve ezenzakalelayo, ingcindezi evamile ngemva kwe-valve ibe ngaphansi kuka-50% wengcindezi ngaphambi kwe-valve, ethembele kakhulu ku-diaphragm, intwasahlobo, i-piston nezinye izingxenye ze-medium. ukulawula umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwe-valve flap kanye negebe lesihlalo se-valve ukuze kuzuzwe inhloso yokunciphisa ingcindezi.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamavalvu okwehlisa ingcindezi, i-piston evamile kanye nohlobo lwesibili lwe-diaphragm.
⑩ i-valve yomugqa
Ukuze ugweme ukugqwala kwe-medium, amanye ama-valve adinga ukulayishwa ngezinto ezimelana nokugqwala (njengomthofu, irabha, uqweqwe lwawo, njll.) emzimbeni we-valve kanye nekhanda le-valve, izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zikhethwe ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-valve. okuphakathi.
Ukuze kube lula ulayini, ama-valve anemigqa ngokuvamile enziwe ngohlobo lwe-engeli engakwesokudla noma uhlobo lokugeleza okuqondile.
⑪Amavalvu okuphepha
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali, ohlelweni lwamapayipi ngaphansi kwengcindezi, kukhona idivayisi yokuphepha unomphela, okungukuthi, ukukhethwa kogqinsi oluthile lweshidi lensimbi, njengokufaka ipuleti eliyimpumputhe elifakwe ekugcineni kwepayipi noma isikhombimsebenzisi se-tee.
Lapho ingcindezi epayipini ikhuphuka, ishidi liyaphulwa ukuze kufezwe injongo yokunciphisa ingcindezi.Amapuleti aqhekeka ngokuvamile asetshenziswa kumapayipi anomfutho ophansi, anobubanzi obukhulu, kodwa kumapayipi amaningi amakhemikhali anamavalvu okuphepha, amavalvu okuphepha ayizinhlobo eziningi, angahlukaniswa kabanzi abe izigaba ezimbili, okungukuthi, i-spring-loaded kanye ne-lever-type.
Ama-valve okuphepha alayishwe intwasahlobo ancike kakhulu emandleni entwasahlobo ukuze afinyelele ukuvala.Lapho ingcindezi embhobho idlula amandla entwasahlobo, i-valve ivulwa yi-medium, futhi uketshezi olusepayipini luyakhishwa, ukuze ukucindezela kuncishiswe.
Uma ukucindezela epayipini kwehla ngaphansi kwamandla entwasahlobo, i-valve iyavala futhi.Ama-valve okuphepha ohlobo lwe-Lever ancike kakhulu emandleni esisindo ku-lever ukuze afinyelele ukuvala, umgomo wokusebenza ngohlobo lwentwasahlobo.Ukukhethwa kwamavalvu okuphepha, kusekelwe ecindezelweni lokusebenza namazinga okushisa okusebenzayo ukuze kunqunywe izinga lokucindezela okuzisholo, usayizi walo wezinga bungabalwa ngokubhekisela ezinhlinzekweni ezifanele zokunquma.
Uhlobo lwesakhiwo se-valve yokuphepha, impahla ye-valve kufanele ikhethwe ngokwesimo se-medium, izimo zokusebenza.Ukucindezela kokuqala, ukuhlolwa nokwamukelwa kwe-valve yokuphepha kunezinhlinzeko ezikhethekile, ukulinganisa okuvamile ngumnyango wezokuphepha, ukuphrinta uphawu, okusetshenziswayo ngeke kulungiswe ngokungenasisekelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-01-2023