Amapayipi amakhemikhali namavalvu kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali futhi kuyisixhumanisi phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yamakhemikhali. Amavalvu ama-5 avame kakhulu kumapayipi amakhemikhali asebenza kanjani? Inhloso eyinhloko? Ayini amapayipi amakhemikhali namavalvu okufaka? (izinhlobo ezingu-11 zamapayipi + izinhlobo ezingu-4 zokufaka + amavalvu angu-11) amapayipi amakhemikhali lawa mathuluzi, ukuqonda okugcwele!
Amapayipi kanye nama-valve okufaka embonini yamakhemikhali
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Izinhlobo eziyi-11 zamapayipi amakhemikhali
Izinhlobo zamapayipi amakhemikhali ngezinto: amapayipi ensimbi namapayipi angewona awensimbi
Mi-etalPipe
Ipayipi lensimbi ephothiwe, ipayipi lensimbi elithungiwe, ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo, ipayipi lethusi, ipayipi le-aluminium, ipayipi le-lead.
①Ipayipi yensimbi ephothiwe:
Ipayipi lensimbi eliphonswe ngensimbi lingenye yamapayipi asetshenziswa kakhulu kumapayipi amakhemikhali.
Ngenxa yokuqina kokuxhumeka okubuthakathaka nokungaqinile, ifaneleka kuphela ekudluliseni imidiya enengcindezi ephansi, futhi ayifaneleki ekudluliseni umusi oshisa kakhulu nowengcindezi ephezulu kanye nezinto ezinobuthi, eziqhumayo. Ivame ukusetshenziswa kumapayipi okuhambisa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba, amapayipi amakhulu egesi kanye namapayipi okuhambisa indle. Imininingwane yepayipi lensimbi yokufaka insimbi ibe ububanzi obungaphakathi be-Ф × ubukhulu bodonga (mm).
② ipayipi lensimbi elithungiwe:
Ipayipi lensimbi elithungiwe ngokwendlela yokusebenzisa amaphuzu okucindezela epayipi lamanzi negesi elivamile (ingcindezi engu-0.1 ~ 1.0MPa) kanye nepayipi elijiyile (ingcindezi engu-1.0 ~ 0.5MPa).
Ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukuthutha amanzi, igesi, umusi oshisayo, umoya ocindezelwe, uwoyela kanye nolunye uketshezi olucindezelayo. I-Galvanised ibizwa ngokuthi ipayipi lensimbi elimhlophe noma ipayipi le-galvanised. Lezo ezingagayiwe zibizwa ngokuthi amapayipi ensimbi amnyama. Imininingwane yazo ivezwa ngobubanzi obujwayelekile. Ububanzi obuncane obujwayelekile bungu-6mm, ububanzi obuphezulu obujwayelekile bungu-150mm.
③ Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo:
Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo linenzuzo yekhwalithi efanayo kanye namandla aphezulu.
Izinto zayo zinensimbi yekhabhoni, insimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu, insimbi ephansi ye-alloy, insimbi engagqwali, insimbi engagqwali engangenisi ukushisa. Ngenxa yezindlela ezahlukene zokukhiqiza, ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili zepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo eligoqwe ngokushisa kanye nepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo eligoqwe ngokushisa. Ububanzi bepayipi lobunjiniyela bepayipi bungaphezu kuka-57mm, ipayipi eligoqwe ngokushisa elisetshenziswa kakhulu, 57mm ngaphansi kwepayipi eligoqwe ngokushisa elisetshenziswa kakhulu.
Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo livame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthutha izinhlobo ezahlukene zamagesi, umusi kanye noketshezi olucindezelwe, lingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu (cishe ama-435 ℃). Ipayipi lensimbi eline-alloy lisetshenziselwa ukuthutha izinto ezigqwalisayo, lapho ipayipi le-alloy elingamelani nokushisa lingamelana namazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-900-950 ℃. Imininingwane yepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo ibe ububanzi obungaphakathi be-Ф × ubukhulu bodonga (mm).
Ububanzi obukhulu bangaphandle bepayipi elidonswayo elibandayo bungu-200mm, kanti ububanzi obukhulu bangaphandle bepayipi eligoqwe ngokushisa bungu-630mm. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lihlukaniswe ngepayipi elijwayelekile elingenamthungo kanye nepayipi elikhethekile elingenamthungo ngokwendlela elisetshenziswa ngayo, njengepayipi elingenamthungo lokuqhekeka kukaphethiloli, ipayipi elingenamthungo lebhoyila, ipayipi elingenamthungo lomanyolo njalo njalo.
④Ishubhu yethusi:
Ishubhu yethusi inomphumela omuhle wokudlulisa ukushisa.
Isetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini yokushintshanisa ukushisa kanye namapayipi edivayisi yokupholisa okujulile, ishubhu lokulinganisa ingcindezi noma ukudluliswa koketshezi olucindezelwe, kodwa izinga lokushisa liphakeme kuno-250 ℃, akufanele lisetshenziswe ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Ngenxa yokuthi libiza kakhulu, ngokuvamile lisetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibalulekile.
⑤ Ishubhu le-aluminiyamu:
I-Aluminiyamu inokumelana okuhle nokugqwala.
Amashubhu e-aluminium avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthutha i-sulfuric acid egxilile, i-acetic acid, i-hydrogen sulfide kanye ne-carbon dioxide kanye nezinye izinto, futhi avame ukusetshenziswa kuma-heat exchanger. Amashubhu e-aluminium awamelani ne-alkali futhi awakwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuthutha izixazululo ze-alkaline kanye nezixazululo eziqukethe ama-ion e-chloride.
Ngenxa yamandla omshini we-aluminium tube kanye nokwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokwehla okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kwama-aluminium tubes, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwama-aluminium tubes akukwazi ukudlula ama-200 ℃, kwipayipi yokucindezela, ukusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa kuzoba phansi nakakhulu. I-aluminium inezakhiwo ezingcono zomshini emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ngakho-ke ama-aluminium alloy kanye nama-aluminium alloy asetshenziswa kakhulu kumadivayisi okuhlukanisa umoya.
(6) Ipayipi elinomsizi:
Ipayipi lomthofu livame ukusetshenziswa njengepayipi lokuhambisa imithombo ye-asidi, lingathuthwa kusuka ku-0.5% kuya ku-15% we-sulfuric acid, i-carbon dioxide, u-60% we-hydrofluoric acid kanye ne-acetic acid okungaphansi kuka-80% wemithombo ye-medium, akufanele lithuthwe liye ku-nitric acid, i-hypochlorous acid kanye neminye imithombo ye-medium. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza lepayipi lomthofu lingu-200℃.
Amapayipi angewona awensimbi
Ipayipi lepulasitiki, ipayipi lepulasitiki, ipayipi lengilazi, ipayipi le-ceramic, ipayipi lesamente.
①Ipayipi lepulasitiki:
Izinzuzo zamapayipi epulasitiki ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, isisindo esincane, ukubumba okulula, kanye nokucutshungulwa okulula.
Okubi amandla aphansi kanye nokumelana nokushisa okubi.
Njengamanje amapayipi epulasitiki asetshenziswa kakhulu yipayipi eliqinile le-polyvinyl chloride, ipayipi elithambile le-polyvinyl chloride, ipayipi le-polyethylene, ipayipi le-polypropylene, kanye nepayipi lensimbi elifutha i-polyethylene, i-polytrifluoroethylene njalo njalo.
② ipayipi lerabha:
Ipayipi lerabha linokumelana okuhle nokugqwala, isisindo esincane, ipulasitiki enhle, ukufakwa, ukuhlukaniswa, ukuguquguquka futhi kulula.
Ipayipi lerabha elisetshenziswa kakhulu ngokuvamile lenziwa ngerabha yemvelo noma irabha yokwenziwa, efanelekile ngezikhathi ezinezidingo eziphansi zokucindezela.
③ Ishubhu lengilazi:
Ishubhu yengilazi inezinzuzo zokumelana nokugqwala, ukucaca, ukuhlanzeka okulula, ukumelana okuphansi, intengo ephansi, njll., ubuthakathaka bubuthakathaka, hhayi ingcindezi.
Ivame ukusetshenziswa endaweni yokuhlola noma endaweni yokusebenza yokuhlola.
④ ishubhu le-ceramic:
I-ceramics yamakhemikhali kanye nengilazi kuyafana, ukumelana okuhle nokugqwala, ngaphezu kwe-hydrofluoric acid, i-fluorosilicic acid kanye ne-alkali eqinile, kungamelana nokuhlushwa okuhlukahlukene kwama-asidi angaphili, ama-asidi angaphili kanye nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo.
Ngenxa yamandla aphansi, iyaphuka, ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukususa amapayipi endle kanye nokungenisa umoya agqwalisayo.
⑤ Ipayipi likasimende:
Ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa izidingo zokucindezela, uphawu aludingi izimo eziphakeme, njengendle engaphansi komhlaba, ipayipi lokukhipha amanzi nokunye.
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Izinhlobo ezi-4 Zokufaka
Ngaphezu kwepayipi elisepayipini, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokukhiqizwa kwenqubo kanye nokufakwa nokugcinwa, kunezinye izingxenye eziningi epayipini, njengezipayipi ezimfushane, izindololwane, ama-tee, ama-reducer, ama-flange, ama-blinds njalo njalo.
Ngokuvamile sibiza lezi zingxenye zezesekeli zamapayipi ngokuthi izihlanganisi. Izihlanganisi zamapayipi ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile zepayipi. Nasi isingeniso esifushane sezihlanganisi eziningana ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.
① Indololwane
Ingqiniba isetshenziswa kakhulu ukushintsha indlela yepayipi, ngokuya ngezinga lokugoba kwengqiniba lezigaba ezahlukene, ingqiniba evamile engu-90 °, 45 °, 180 °, 360 °. Ingqiniba engu-180 °, 360 °, eyaziwa nangokuthi ukugoba okumise okwe-“U”.
Kukhona futhi izidingo zenqubo yokucubungula amapayipi nge-engeli ethile yendololwane. Izindololwane zingasetshenziswa ukugoba ipayipi eliqondile noma ukushisela ipayipi futhi zitholakale, zingasetshenziswa futhi ngemva kokubumba nokushisela, noma ukuphonswa nokwakha nezinye izindlela, njengasepayipini elinomfutho ophezulu, indololwane isetshenziswa kakhulu njengensimbi yekhabhoni noma insimbi ye-alloy esezingeni eliphezulu.
②I-tee
Uma amapayipi amabili exhunywe komunye nomunye noma edinga ukuba ne-bypass shunt, ukufakwa kwejoyinti kubizwa ngokuthi i-tee.
Ngokusho kwama-engeli ahlukene okufinyelela epayipini, kukhona ukufinyelela okuqondile ku-tee yokuxhumana okuhle, i-tee yokuxhumana evundlile. I-tee yokuthambekela ngokwe-engeli yokuthambekela ukuze usethe igama, njenge-tee yokuthambekela engu-45 ° njalo njalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuya ngobukhulu be-caliber ye-inlet kanye ne-outlet ngokulandelana, njenge-tee yobubanzi obulinganayo. Ngaphezu kwe-tee fittings evamile, kodwa futhi kuvame ukuba nenani le-interfaces elibizwa ngokuthi, isibonelo, ezine, ezinhlanu, i-diagonal connection tee. I-tee fittings evamile, ngaphezu kwe-pipe welding, kukhona i-group welding ebunjiwe, i-casting kanye ne-forging.
③Ingono kanye nesinciphisi
Lapho umhlangano wepayipi ushoda ingxenye encane, noma ngenxa yezidingo zokulungisa epayipini, kusetshenziswa i-Nipple ukuze kubekwe ingxenye encane yepayipi elisuswayo, ngokuvamile.
Ukuthathwa kwezingono ngezixhumi (njenge-flange, isikulufu, njll.), noma kube yishubhu elifushane, elaziwa nangokuthi i-gasket yepayipi.
Kuzoba nobubanzi obubili obungalingani bomlomo obuxhunywe kuma-fittings epayipi abizwa ngokuthi i-reducer. Ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi ikhanda losayizi. Ama-fittings anjalo ane-casting reducer, kodwa futhi ane-pipe cut bese e-welded noma e-welded ene-steel plate egoqwe kuyo. Ama-reducers kuma-pipe ane-high pressure enziwa ngama-forgings noma ama-shrunken avela kuma-tubes ensimbi angenamthungo ane-high pressure.
④Ama-flange nama-blinds
Ukuze kube lula ukufakwa nokugcinwa, ipayipi livame ukusetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni okususekayo, i-flange iyingxenye yokuxhumana evame ukusetshenziswa.
Ukuze kuhlanzwe futhi kuhlolwe kudingeka kufakwe ipuleti eliyimpumputhe noma eliyimpumputhe epayipini, imbobo yesandla yepayipi ifakwe ekugcineni kwepayipi. Ipuleti eliyimpumputhe lingasetshenziswa futhi ukuvala okwesikhashana ipayipi le-interface noma ingxenye yepayipi ukuze kuphazanyiswe ukuxhumana nesistimu.
Ngokuvamile, ipayipi elinomfutho ophansi, ukuma kwe-flange eyimpumputhe neqinile kuyafana, ngakho-ke le blind iphinde ibizwe ngokuthi isembozo se-flange, le blind ene-flange efanayo ibekwe ezingeni elifanayo, ubukhulu obuthile bungatholakala ezincwadini ezifanele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekunakekelweni kwemishini yamakhemikhali kanye nepayipi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha, okuvame ukwenziwa ngepuleti lensimbi elifakwe phakathi kwama-flange amabili ama-disc aqinile, asetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa okwesikhashana imishini noma ipayipi kanye nohlelo lokukhiqiza. Le blind ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi i-insertion blind. Faka usayizi we-blind ungafakwa ebusweni bokuvala be-flange obunobubanzi obufanayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-01-2023