Inhloso Yezinto Zokuhlanganisa
Ukumboza indawo yangaphandle yamapayipi ensimbi kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukugqwala.Ukugqwala phezu kwamapayipi ensimbi kungathinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwawo, ikhwalithi, nokubukeka kwawo.Ngakho-ke, inqubo yokumboza inomthelela omkhulu kwikhwalithi iyonke yemikhiqizo yamapayipi ensimbi.
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Izidingo Zezinto Zokuhlanganisa
Ngokwezindinganiso ezibekwe yi-American Petroleum Institute, amapayipi ensimbi kufanele amelane nokugqwala okungenani izinyanga ezintathu.Kodwa-ke, isidingo sezikhathi ezinde zokulwa nokugqwala sinyukile, nabasebenzisi abaningi badinga ukumelana nezinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezingu-6 ezimeni zokugcina ngaphandle.Ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokuphila isikhathi eside, abasebenzisi balindele ukuthi ama-coating agcine indawo ebushelelezi, ngisho nokusatshalaliswa kwezinto ezivimbela ukubola ngaphandle kokweqa noma ukuconsa okungase kuthinte ikhwalithi yokubuka.
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Izinhlobo Zezinto Zokuhlanganisa kanye Nobuhle Nebubi Bazo
Kunethiwekhi yamapayipi angaphansi komhlaba asemadolobheni,amapayipi ensimbiziya ngokuya zisetshenziswa ukuthutha igesi, uwoyela, amanzi, nokunye.Izembatho zalawa mapayipi ziye zavela ezintweni ze-asphalt zendabuko zaya ku-polyethylene resin kanye nezinto ze-epoxy resin.Ukusetshenziswa kwezingubo ze-polyethylene resin kwaqala ngawo-1980, futhi ngokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene, izakhi kanye nezinqubo zokumboza zibone ukuthuthuka kancane kancane.
3.1 I-Petroleum Asphalt Coating
I-petroleum asphalt coating, ungqimba lwendabuko olulwa nokugqwala, luqukethe izendlalelo ze-asphalt ze-petroleum, eziqiniswe ngendwangu ye-fiberglass kanye nefilimu yangaphandle ye-polyvinyl chloride evikelayo.Inikeza ukuvimbela amanzi okuhle kakhulu, ukunamathela okuhle ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.Nokho, inezihibe ezihlanganisa ukuthambekela ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa, ukuba brittle emazingeni okushisa aphansi, nokuthambekela ekugugeni nasekuqhekekeni, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zenhlabathi enamadwala, okudinga izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezengeziwe kanye nezindleko ezikhulayo.
3.2 I-Coal Tar Epoxy Coating
I-coal tar epoxy, eyenziwe nge-epoxy resin ne-coal tar asphalt, ikhombisa ukumelana kwamanzi namakhemikhali okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukunamathela okuhle, amandla emishini, kanye nezakhiwo zokuvikela.Kodwa-ke, kudinga isikhathi eside sokuphulukiswa ngemuva kokufaka isicelo, okuyenza ibe lula emiphumeleni emibi evela ezimeni zezulu ngalesi sikhathi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziswa kulolu hlelo lokumboza zidinga ukugcinwa okukhethekile, ukukhulisa izindleko.
3.3 I-Epoxy Powder Coating
I-Epoxy powder coating, eyethulwa ngeminyaka yawo-1960s, ifaka impushana yokufafaza nge-electrostatic endaweni yepayipi eselashwe ngaphambili nashiselwe ngaphambili, okwenza ungqimba oluminyene olulwa nokugqwala.Izinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa ububanzi obubanzi bokushisa (-60 ° C kuya ku-100 ° C), ukunamathela okuqinile, ukumelana kahle nokukhishwa kwe-cathodic, umthelela, ukuguquguquka, nokulimala kwe-weld.Kodwa-ke, ifilimu yayo ezacile iyenza ibe lula ekulimaleni futhi idinga amasu okukhiqiza asezingeni eliphezulu kanye nemishini, ibeka izinselele ekusetshenzisweni kwenkundla.Nakuba ihamba phambili ezicini eziningi, iyawa ngokuqhathaniswa ne-polyethylene mayelana nokumelana nokushisa kanye nokuvikelwa kokugqwala okuphelele.
3.4 I-Polyethylene Anti-corrosive Coating
I-polyethylene inikeza ukumelana okuhle komthelela kanye nobulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nebanga lokushisa elibanzi.Ithola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi ezindaweni ezibandayo njenge-Russia ne-Western Europe kumapayipi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo okuphakeme kanye nokumelana nomthelela, ikakhulukazi emazingeni okushisa aphansi.Kodwa-ke, izinselele zisekhona ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kumapayipi anobubanzi obukhulu, lapho ukuqhekeka kwengcindezi kungase kwenzeke, futhi ukungena kwamanzi kungaholela ekulimaleni ngaphansi koqweqwe, okudinga ucwaningo olwengeziwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye namasu okufaka isicelo.
3.5 I-Heavy Anti-corrosion Coating
Izembatho ezisindayo ezilwa nokugqwala zinikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuthuthukisiwe kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezingubo ezijwayelekile.Abonisa ukusebenza kahle kwesikhathi eside ngisho nasezimeni ezinzima, isikhathi sokuphila esingaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10 kuye kweyi-15 ezindaweni zamakhemikhali, zasolwandle, nezincibilikayo, futhi ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5 ezimweni ezine-asidi, i-alkaline, noma ezinosawoti.Lezi zembatho zivame ukuba nogqinsi lwefilimu elomile ukusuka ku-200μm kuya ku-2000μm, okuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka okuphakeme nokuqina.Asetshenziswa kakhulu ezakhiweni zasolwandle, izinto zamakhemikhali, amathangi okugcina, namapayipi.
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Izinkinga Ezivamile Ngezinto Zokuhlanganisa
Izinkinga ezijwayelekile zokumboza zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa okungalingani, ukuconsa kwama-anti-corrosive agents, kanye nokwakheka kwamabhamuza.
(1) Ukulinganisa okungalingani: Ukusatshalaliswa okungalingani kwama-ejenti avimbela ukugqwala endaweni yepayipi kubangela izindawo ezinogqinsi oluningi lokunamathela, okuholela ekulimaleni, kuyilapho izindawo ezizacile noma ezingamboziwe zinciphisa ikhono lepayipi lokunqanda ukugqwala.
(2) Ukuconsa kwama-ejenti aqeda ukugqwala: Lesi senzakalo, lapho izinto ezivimbela ukubola ziqina zifane namaconsi endaweni yepayipi, kuthinta ubuhle kuyilapho zingathinti ngokuqondile ukumelana nokugqwala.
(3) Ukwakheka kwamabhamuza: Umoya ovaleleke ngaphakathi kwe-ejenti evimbela ukugqwala ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwesicelo udala amabhamuza endaweni yepayipi, okuthinta kokubili ukubukeka nokusebenza kokunamathela.
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Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinkinga Zekhwalithi Yokuhlanganisa
Yonke inkinga ivela ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, ibangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene;kanye nenqwaba yepayipi yensimbi eqokonyiswe izinga lenkinga ingase ibe inhlanganisela yezimbalwa.Izimbangela zokugqoka okungalingani zingahlukaniswa cishe zibe izinhlobo ezimbili, enye isenzakalo esingalingani esibangelwa ukufafaza ngemva kokuba ipayipi lensimbi lingena ebhokisini lokugqoka;okwesibili isenzakalo esingalingani esibangelwa ukungafafazi.
Isizathu sento yokuqala ngokusobala kulula ukusibona, emshinini wokumboza lapho ipayipi lensimbi lingena ebhokisini lokumboza ngo-360 ° elizungeze ingqikithi yezibhamu ezingu-6 (umugqa we-casing unezibhamu ezingu-12) zokufafaza.Uma isibhamu ngasinye esifuthwe kusayizi wokugeleza sihlukile, kuzoholela ekusabalaliseni okungalingani kwe-ejenti ye-anticorrosive ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zepayipi lensimbi.
Isizathu sesibili ukuthi kunezinye izizathu zento engalingani yokumboza ngaphandle kwesici sokufafaza.Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezici, ezifana nokugqwala okungenayo kwepayipi lensimbi, ukugqwala, ukuze ukunamathela kube nzima ukusabalalisa ngokulinganayo;Ipayipi lensimbi linesilinganiso sokucindezela kwamanzi esishiywe ngemuva lapho i-emulsion, ngalesi sikhathi i-coating ngenxa yokuxhumana ne-emulsion, ukuze ukulondoloza kunzima ukunamathisela ebusweni bepayipi lensimbi, ukuze kungabikho ukumbozwa kwe-emulsion. izingxenye zepayipi lensimbi ye-emulsion, okuholela ekutheni i-coating yepayipi yonke yensimbi ayifani.
(1) Isizathu samathonsi alengayo e-ejenti evimbela ukubola.I-cross-section yepayipi yensimbi iyindilinga, njalo lapho i-ejenti ye-anticorrosive ifafazwa ebusweni bepayipi lensimbi, i-anticorrosive agent engxenyeni engenhla kanye nonqenqema luzogeleza engxenyeni engezansi ngenxa yesici sobunzima, okuyinto. izokwakha isenzakalo sokwehla kokulenga.Okuhle ukuthi kukhona izinto ezisetshenziswa kuhhavini emugqeni wokukhiqiza wokumboza wefekthri yepayipi lensimbi, engashisisa futhi iqinise i-ejenti evimbela ukubola efuthwe ebusweni bepayipi lensimbi ngesikhathi futhi inciphise uketshezi lwe-ejenti evimbela ukubola.Kodwa-ke, uma i-viscosity ye-ejenti ye-anticorrosive ingephezulu;akukho ukushisa okufika ngesikhathi ngemuva kokufafaza;noma izinga lokushisa lokushisa aliphezulu;umlomo wombhobho awukho esimweni esihle sokusebenza, njll. kuzoholela ekulengeni kwe-ejenti ye-anticorrosive.
(2) Izimbangela zokukhihliza amagwebu.Ngenxa yesimo sendawo yokusebenza somswakama womoya, ukuhlakazwa kopende kudlulele, ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kwenqubo yokuhlakazwa kuzodala isenzakalo sokubhubhisa esilondolozayo.Indawo enomswakamo womoya, izinga lokushisa eliphansi, izinto ezilondolozayo ezifafazwe ngaphandle kokuhlakazeka zibe amaconsi amancane, kuzoholela ekwehleni kwezinga lokushisa.Amanzi asemoyeni anomswakama ophezulu ngemva kokwehla kwezinga lokushisa azojiya enze amaconsi amanzi amahle ahlanganiswe nesivikeli, futhi ekugcineni angene ngaphakathi kwento enamathelayo, okuholela esimweni esinamabhamuza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-15-2023