I. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesishintshi sokushisa:
Igobolondo kanye ne-tube heat exchanger ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili ezilandelayo ngokuya nezici zesakhiwo.
1. Isakhiwo esiqinile segobolondo nesishintshi sokushisa seshubhu: lesi sishintshi sokushisa sesiphenduke ishubhu engashintshi kanye nohlobo lwepuleti, ngokuvamile lungahlukaniswa lube uhla lweshubhu eyodwa kanye nobubanzi bamashubhu amaningi ezinhlobo ezimbili. Izinzuzo zayo ziyisakhiwo esilula futhi esihlangene, esishibhile futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi; Ububi ukuthi ithubhu ayikwazi ukuhlanzwa ngomshini.
2. I-Shell ne-tube heat exchanger enedivayisi yesinxephezelo sokushisa: ingenza ingxenye eshisayo yokwanda kwamahhala. Isakhiwo sefomu singahlukaniswa sibe:
① isishintshi sokushisa sohlobo lwekhanda elintantayo: lesi sishintshi sokushisa singanwetshwa ngokukhululekile ekugcineni kwepuleti leshubhu, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ikhanda elintantayo". Usebenza odongeni tube futhi igobolondo odongeni lokushisa umehluko mkhulu, isikhala tube bundle ngokuvamile bahlanza. Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka kwayo kuyinkimbinkimbi, izindleko zokucubungula nokukhiqiza ziphakeme.
② Isishintshi sokushisa esimise okwe-U: sinepuleti elilodwa leshubhu, ngakho-ke ishubhu lingakhululeka futhi linciphe uma lishisiwe noma selipholile. Isakhiwo salesi sishintshi sokushisa silula, kodwa umsebenzi wokukhiqiza ukugoba mkhulu, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ishubhu lidinga ukuba nendawo ethile egobayo, ukusetshenziswa kwepuleti leshubhu kubi, ishubhu lihlanzwa ngomshini kunzima ukuliqaqa futhi esikhundleni samashubhu akulula, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi kudlule amashubhu oketshezi luhlanzekile. Lesi sishintshi sokushisa singasetshenziselwa izinguquko ezinkulu zezinga lokushisa, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma izikhathi zokucindezela okukhulu.
③ Ibhokisi lokupakisha uhlobo lokushintshanisa ukushisa: linamafomu amabili, eyodwa isepuleti leshubhu ekugcineni kweshubhu ngalinye linophawu oluhlukile lokupakisha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukunwetshwa kwamahhala nokufinyela kweshubhu, lapho inani lamashubhu kusishintshi sokushisa lincane kakhulu, ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kwalesi sakhiwo, kodwa ibanga phakathi kweshubhu kunesishintshi sokushisa esijwayelekile sibe sikhulu, isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Elinye ifomu lenziwa ekugcineni kwe-tube kanye negobolondo elintantayo, endaweni entantayo kusetshenziswa uphawu lokupakisha lonke, isakhiwo silula, kodwa lesi sakhiwo akulula ukusisebenzisa endabeni yobubanzi obukhulu, ukucindezela okukhulu. Isishintshi sokushisa sohlobo lwebhokisi lokugxusha asivamile ukusetshenziswa manje.
II. Ukubuyekezwa kwezimo zedizayini:
1. idizayini yesishintshi sokushisa, umsebenzisi kufanele ahlinzeke ngezimo zokuklama ezilandelayo (amapharamitha wenqubo):
① ishubhu, ingcindezi yokusebenza kohlelo lwegobolondo (njengenye yemibandela yokunquma ukuthi izisetshenziswa ezisekilasini, kufanele zinikezwe)
② ishubhu, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kohlelo lwegobolondo (inlet / outlet)
③ izinga lokushisa lodonga lwensimbi (kubalwa inqubo (ehlinzekwe ngumsebenzisi))
④Igama lezinto nezici
⑤Imajini yokugqwala
⑥Inani lezinhlelo
⑦ indawo yokudlulisa ukushisa
⑧ ukucaciswa kweshubhu lokushintshanisa ukushisa, ukuhlela (okunxantathu noma isikwele)
⑨ ipuleti lokugoqa noma inombolo yepuleti lokusekela
⑩ impahla yokufaka nokuqina (ukuze kunqunywe ukuphakama kwesihlalo se-nameplate)
(11) Upende.
Ⅰ. Uma umsebenzisi enezidingo ezikhethekile, umsebenzisi uzohlinzeka ngomkhiqizo, umbala
Ⅱ. Abasebenzisi abanazo izidingo ezikhethekile, abaklami ngokwabo bakhethiwe
2. Izimo eziningana ezibalulekile zokuklama
① Ingcindezi yokusebenza: njengenye yemibandela yokunquma ukuthi okokusebenza kuhlukanisiwe, kufanele kuhlinzekwe.
② izici ezibonakalayo: uma umsebenzisi enganikezi igama lempahla kumele ahlinzeke ngezinga lobuthi bento.
Ngenxa yokuthi ubuthi be-medium buhlobene nokuqapha okungabhubhisi kwemishini, ukwelashwa kokushisa, izinga lokubumba kwesigaba esiphezulu semishini, kodwa futhi kuhlobene nokuhlukaniswa kwemishini:
a, GB150 10.8.2.1 (f) imidwebo ikhombisa ukuthi isiqukathi esiphethe izinto eziyingozi kakhulu noma eziyingozi kakhulu ezinobuthi 100% RT.
b, 10.4.1.3 imidwebo ibonisa ukuthi iziqukathi eziphethe imidiya eyingozi kakhulu noma eyingozi kakhulu ngenxa yobuthi kufanele kube ukwelashwa kokushisa kwangemva kokushisela (amalunga ashiselwe ensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic angeke aphathwe ukushisa)
c. Forgings. Ukusetshenziswa kobuthi obuphakathi kokufogetha okuyingozi kakhulu noma okuyingozi kakhulu kufanele kuhlangabezane nezimfuneko zeClass III noma IV.
③ Ukucaciswa kwepayipi:
I-carbon steel evame ukusetshenziswa φ19×2, φ25×2.5, φ32×3, φ38×5
Insimbi engagqwali φ19×2, φ25×2, φ32×2.5, φ38×2.5
Ukuhlelwa kwamashubhu okushintshanisa ukushisa: unxantathu, unxantathu wekona, isikwele, isikwele sekona.
★ Uma ukuhlanza ngomshini kuyadingeka phakathi kwamashubhu okushintshanisa ukushisa, ukuhlelwa kwesikwele kufanele kusetshenziswe.
1. Ingcindezi yokuklama, izinga lokushisa lokuklama, i-coefficient ye-welding joint
2. Ububanzi: DN <400 cylinder, ukusetshenziswa kwepayipi lensimbi.
I-DN ≥ 400 cylinder, isebenzisa ipuleti lensimbi eligoqiwe.
16" ipayipi lensimbi ------ nomsebenzisi ukuxoxa ngokusetshenziswa kwepuleti lensimbi eligoqiwe.
3. Umdwebo wesakhiwo:
Ngokwendawo yokudlulisa ukushisa, ukucaciswa kweshubhu lokudlulisa ukushisa ukudweba umdwebo wesakhiwo ukuze kunqunywe inani lamashubhu okudlulisa ukushisa.
Uma umsebenzisi ehlinzeka ngomdwebo wamapayipi, kodwa futhi nokubuyekeza ukubhobhoza kungaphakathi kwendingilizi yomkhawulo wamapayipi.
★Isimiso sokubeka ipayipi:
(1) kusiyingi somkhawulo wamapayipi kufanele kugcwale ipayipi.
② inani lepayipi le-multi-stroke kufanele lizame ukulinganisa inani lemivimbo.
③ Ishubhu yesishintshi sokushisa kufanele ihlelwe ngokulinganayo.
4. Indaba
Lapho ipuleti yeshubhu ngokwayo inehlombe eliyiconvex futhi ixhunywe nesilinda (noma ikhanda), kufanele kusetshenziswe ukubumba. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo esinjalo sepuleti leshubhu ngokuvamile lisetshenziselwa ukucindezela okuphezulu, ukuvutha, ukuqhuma, kanye nobuthi ngezikhathi eziyingozi kakhulu, eziyingozi kakhulu, izidingo eziphakeme zepuleti leshubhu, ipuleti leshubhu nalo lishubile. Ukuze ugweme ihlombe le-convex ukukhiqiza i-slag, i-delamination, futhi uthuthukise izimo zokucindezelwa kwe-convex ehlombe ye-fiber, ukunciphisa inani lokucutshungulwa, izinto zokulondoloza, ihlombe le-convex kanye nepuleti leshubhu elakhiwe ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokubumba okuphelele ukwenza ipuleti leshubhu.
5. Isishintshi sokushisa kanye nokuxhumeka kwepuleti leshubhu
Ishubhu ekuxhumekeni kwepuleti leshubhu, ekwakhiweni kwegobolondo nesishintshi sokushisa seshubhu kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesakhiwo. Akagcini nje ukucubungula umthwalo womsebenzi, futhi kufanele enze uxhumano ngalunye ekusebenzeni kwemishini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-medium ngaphandle kokuvuza futhi imelana nomthamo wengcindezi ophakathi.
Ishubhu kanye ne-tube plate uxhumano ngokuyinhloko yizindlela ezintathu ezilandelayo: ukunwetshwa; b ukushisela; c ukunwetshwa kwe-welding
Ukunwetshwa kwegobolondo neshubhu phakathi kokuvuza kwemidiya ngeke kubangele imiphumela emibi yesimo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi ukushisela kubi (okufana neshubhu le-carbon steel exchanger heat) kanye nomsebenzi wemboni yokukhiqiza mkhulu kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokwandiswa kokuphela kwe-tube ku-deformation ye-welding plastic, kukhona ukucindezeleka okusele, ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa, ukucindezeleka okusele kuyanyamalala kancane kancane, ukuze ukuphela kwe-tube ukunciphisa indima yokubeka uphawu nokubopha, ngakho-ke ukunwetshwa kwesakhiwo ngokunciphisa ingcindezi nokushisa, ngokuvamile kusebenza ekucindezelweni kokuklama ≤ ≤ 4Mpa kanye nokushisa kwe-30 Mpa, akukho ukudlidliza okunodlame, akukho zinguquko zokushisa ezeqile futhi akukho ukugqwala okukhulu kweStress.
Ukuxhumeka kwe-Welding kunezinzuzo zokukhiqiza okulula, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokuxhumeka okuthembekile. Ngokusebenzisa i-welding, ithubhu ku-tube plate inendima engcono ekwandeni; futhi futhi kunganciphisa izidingo zokucubungula imbobo yepayipi, ukonga isikhathi sokucubungula, ukugcinwa okulula kanye nezinye izinzuzo, kufanele kusetshenziswe njengento ebaluleke kakhulu.
Ukwengeza, lapho ubuthi obuphakathi bukhulu kakhulu, i-medium kanye nomkhathi kuxutshwe Kulula ukuqhuma okuphakathi kuyi-radioactive noma ngaphakathi nangaphandle kokuxubana kwezinto zepayipi kuzoba nomphumela omubi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amalunga avaliwe, kodwa futhi ngokuvamile sebenzisa indlela yokushisela. Welding indlela, nakuba izinzuzo eziningi, ngoba akakwazi ukugwema ngokuphelele "ukugqwala uqhekeko" futhi ashiselwe nodes of ukucindezeleka ukugqwala, futhi mncane ipayipi odongeni futhi obukhulu ipayipi plate kunzima ukuthola weld okuthembekile phakathi.
Indlela yokushisela ingaba amazinga okushisa aphezulu kunokwanda, kodwa ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezeleka kwe-cyclic lokushisa okuphezulu, i-weld isengozini kakhulu yokuqhekeka kokukhathala, i-tube kanye ne-tube hole gap, lapho ingaphansi kwemidiya egqwalayo, ukusheshisa ukulimala kokujoyina. Ngakho-ke, kukhona i-welding kanye namajoyinti okwandisa asetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo. Lokhu akugcini nje ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokukhathala kwelunga, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukuthambekela kokubola kwe-crevice, futhi ngaleyo ndlela impilo yayo yesevisi yinde kakhulu kunalapho kusetshenziswa ukushisela kuphela.
Kuziphi izikhathi ezifanele ukuqaliswa kwe-welding kanye nokunwetshwa kwamalunga nezindlela, ayikho indinganiso efanayo. Ngokuvamile emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kakhulu kodwa ukucindezela kuphezulu kakhulu noma okuphakathi kulula kakhulu ukuvuza, ukusetshenziswa kokwandisa amandla nokubeka uphawu lwe-weld (ukubeka uphawu lwe-weld kubhekisela nje ukuvimbela ukuvuza nokuqaliswa kwe-weld, futhi akuqinisekisi amandla).
Lapho ingcindezi nokushisa kuphezulu kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla Welding kanye nokunamathisela ukunwetshwa, (amandla Welding ngisho noma weld has a tight, kodwa futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ilunga linamandla amakhulu eqinile, ngokuvamile libhekisela amandla weld ilingana namandla ipayipi ngaphansi komthwalo axial lapho Welding). Indima yokwandisa ngokuyinhloko ukuqeda ukugqwala kwe-crevice kanye nokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokukhathala kwe-weld. Ubukhulu obuthile besakhiwo bezinga (GB/T151) bubaluliwe, ngeke lungene emininingwaneni lapha.
Ngezidingo zamapayipi embobo yamapayipi:
a, lapho ishubhu exchanger ukushisa kanye tube plate welding uxhumano, amashubhu surface mahhadla Ra value akuyona enkulu kuno-35uM.
b, ishubhu elilodwa lokushintshanisa ukushisa kanye noxhumano lokunwetshwa kwepuleti leshubhu, imbobo yeshubhu ebusweni ubuhwaqaqe benani alikho ngaphezu kuka-12.5uM uxhumano lokunwetshwa, indawo yembobo yeshubhu akufanele ithinte ukunwebeka kokukhubazeka, njengokulinganisa ubude noma ukuvunguza.
III. Isibalo sokuklama
1. Ukubala ukushuba kodonga lwegobolondo (kuhlanganise nesigaba esifushane sebhokisi lepayipi, ikhanda, ukubala kwesilinda sodonga lwegobolondo) ipayipi, ukuqina kodonga lwegobolondo kufanele kuhlangabezane nobukhulu obuncane bodonga ku-GB151, yensimbi ye-carbon steel nensimbi ephansi ye-alloy ubuncane bodonga buhambisana ne-corrosion margin C2 = 1mm ukucatshangelwa kwecala le-C2, ubukhulu begobolondo kufanele bukhule ngokuhambisana ne-C2 mm.
2. Ukubalwa kokuqinisa umgodi ovulekile
Ukuze igobolondo usebenzisa insimbi tube system, kunconywa ukusebenzisa lonke ukuqinisa (ukwandisa cylinder odongeni ukushuba noma sebenzisa tube obukhulu-ngodonga); ukuze ibhokisi leshubhu elijiyile emgodini omkhulu licabangele umnotho wonke.
Akukho okunye ukuqinisa okufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo zamaphuzu amaningana:
① ingcindezi yokuklama ≤ 2.5Mpa;
② Ibanga elimaphakathi phakathi kwezimbobo ezimbili ezincikene akufanele libe ngaphansi kokuphindwe kabili kwesamba sobubanzi bezimbobo ezimbili;
③ Ububanzi obujwayelekile bomamukeli ≤ 89mm;
④ ukuthatha ubuncane bokujiya kodonga kufanele kube izidingo zethebula 8-1 (thatha umkhawulo wokugqwala ongu-1mm).
3. I-Flange
I-flange yemishini esebenzisa i-flange ejwayelekile kufanele inake i-flange ne-gasket, i-fasteners ifanise, ngaphandle kwalokho i-flange kufanele ibalwe. Isibonelo, thayipha i-flange yokushisela eyisicaba ngokwezinga elihambisana ne-gasket yalo ye-non-metallic soft gasket; lapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-gasket emazombezombe kufanele kubalwe kabusha i-flange.
4. Ipuleti lepayipi
Udinga ukunaka lezi zindaba ezilandelayo:
① Izinga lokushisa le-tube plate design: Ngokwezinhlinzeko ze-GB150 kanye ne-GB/T151, kufanele kuthathwe hhayi ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa lensimbi lengxenye, kodwa ekubalweni kwepuleti leshubhu alikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-tube shell process indima yemidiya, kanye nezinga lokushisa lensimbi lepuleti leshubhu kunzima ukubala, ngokuvamile lithathwa ohlangothini oluphezulu lwepuleti lokushisa lokuklama lokushisa lokuklama leshubhu.
② isishintshi sokushisa esinamashubhu amaningi: kububanzi bendawo yokukhipha amapayipi, ngenxa yesidingo sokusetha indawo yesikhala nokubopha isakhiwo senduku futhi yehlulekile ukusekelwa indawo yesishintshi sokushisa Isikhangiso: ifomula ye-GB/T151.
③Ukuqina okusebenzayo kwepuleti leshubhu
Ugqinsi olusebenzayo lwepuleti leshubhu lubhekisela ekuhlukaniseni ibanga lamapayipi ngaphansi kogqinsi lwe-bulkhead groove yepuleti leshubhu kukhishwe isamba sezinto ezimbili ezilandelayo.
a, imajini yokugqwala kwepayipi ngale kokujula kwengxenye yengxenye yohlu lwamapayipi ehlukanisayo
b, i-shell corrosion margin yohlelo lwegobolondo kanye ne-tube plate kuhlangothi lohlelo lwegobolondo lesakhiwo sokujula kwe-groove yezitshalo ezimbili ezinkulu
5. Ukunwetshwa kwamalunga asethiwe
Ku-fixed tube kanye ne-plate heat exchanger, ngenxa yomehluko wokushisa phakathi koketshezi olusesigabeni seshubhu kanye noketshezi lwe-tube course, kanye nesishintshi sokushisa negobolondo nepuleti leshubhu ukuxhumana okungaguquki, ukuze ekusetshenzisweni kombuso, umehluko wokunwetshwa kwegobolondo neshubhu ukhona phakathi kwegobolondo neshubhu, igobolondo neshubhu kuya kumthwalo we-axial. Ukuze ugweme ukulimala kwegobolondo nokushisa, ukumisa ukuqina kwesishintshi sokushisa, ishubhu yesishintshi sokushisa esisuka epuleti leshubhu liphume, kufanele kumiswe amalunga okunweba ukuze kuncishiswe igobolondo nomthwalo we-axial wokushintsha ukushisa.
Ngokuvamile kugobolondo nokushisa odongeni umehluko wokushisa mkhulu, udinga ukucabangela ukusetha ukujoyina okunwetshiwe, ekubalweni kwepuleti leshubhu, ngokusho komehluko wokushisa phakathi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene ezivamile ezibalwe σt, σc, q, enye yazo ehluleka ukufaneleka, kuyadingeka ukwandisa ukujoyina okunwetshiwe.
σt - ukucindezeleka kwe-axial kweshubhu yesishintshi sokushisa
σc - igobolondo inqubo cylinder axial ukucindezeleka
q--Ishubhu yesishintshi sokushisa kanye noxhumo lwepuleti leshubhu lamandla okudonsa
IV. Idizayini Yesakhiwo
1. Ibhokisi lombhobho
(1) Ubude bebhokisi lamapayipi
a. Ukujula kwangaphakathi okuncane
① ekuvulekeni kwenkambo yepayipi elilodwa lebhokisi leshubhu, ukujula okuncane phakathi nendawo yokuvula akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-1/3 wobubanzi bangaphakathi bomamukeli;
② ukujula kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwenkambo yepayipi kufanele kuqinisekise ukuthi indawo encane yokujikeleza phakathi kwezifundo ezimbili ayikho ngaphansi izikhathi ezingu-1.3 endaweni yomjikelezo weshubhu lokushintshanisa ukushisa ngekhosi ngayinye;
b, ukujula okukhulu kwangaphakathi
Cabangela ukuthi ingabe kulungile yini ukushisela nokuhlanza izingxenye zangaphakathi, ikakhulukazi ngobubanzi obungajwayelekile besishintshi sokushisa esinamashubhu amaningi.
(2) Ukuhlukanisa uhlelo oluhlukile
Ubukhulu nokuhlelwa kokuhlukaniswa ngokwe-GB151 Ithebula 6 kanye nomfanekiso 15, ngogqinsi olungaphezu kuka-10mm wesahlukaniso, indawo yokuvala kufanele incishwe ibe ngu-10mm; Kumshini wokushisa weshubhu, ukwahlukanisa kufanele kumiswe embotsheni yezinyembezi (imbobo yokukhipha amanzi), ububanzi bembobo yokukhipha amanzi ngokuvamile bungu-6mm.
2. Igobolondo ne-tube bundle
①Ileveli yenqwaba ye-Tube
Ⅰ, Ⅱ inqwaba yeshubhu yezinga, kuphela eyensimbi ye-carbon, amazinga asekhaya we-alloy steel alloy low heat exchanger, asekhona "izinga eliphezulu" kanye "neleveli evamile" ethuthukisiwe. Uma ishubhu yokushisa yasekhaya ingasetshenziswa ipayipi lensimbi "eliphezulu", insimbi ye-carbon, ingxube yensimbi ephansi ye-alloy yokushisa ukushisa akudingeki ihlukaniswe ngezinga elingu-Ⅰ kanye no-Ⅱ!
Ⅰ, Ⅱ inqwaba yeshubhu yomehluko ilele ikakhulukazi kushubhu yesishintshi sokushisa ngaphandle kobubanzi, ukuchezuka kokuqina kodonga kuhlukile, usayizi wembobo ohambisanayo nokuchezuka kuhlukile.
Ibanga Ⅰ inqwaba yeshubhu yezidingo ezinemba okuphezulu, yeshubhu yokushintsha ukushisa yensimbi engagqwali, inqwaba yeshubhu engu-Ⅰ kuphela; yeshubhu yokushintsha ukushisa kwe-carbon steel evame ukusetshenziswa
② Ipuleti leshubhu
a, ukuchezuka kosayizi wembobo yeshubhu
Qaphela umehluko phakathi kwenqwaba yeshubhu yeleveli engu-Ⅰ, Ⅱ
b, umsele wokuhlukanisa uhlelo
Ⅰ ukujula kwesikhala ngokuvamile akubi ngaphansi kuka-4mm
Ⅱ ububanzi be-slot yohlelo oluncane: i-carbon steel 12mm; insimbi engagqwali 11mm
Ⅲ ububanzi bendawo ye-partition slot yamaminithi i-chamfering yekhona ngokuvamile iba ama-degree angu-45, ububanzi be-chamfering b bucishe bulingane ne-radius engu-R yekhona le-gasket yobubanzi beminithi.
③Ipuleti eligoqayo
a. Usayizi wembobo yepayipi: uhlukaniswe ngeleveli yenqwaba
b, ipuleti eligoqayo eligoqayo ukuphakama
Ukuphakama kwenotshi kufanele kube ngendlela yokuthi uketshezi oludlula igebe ngesilinganiso sokugeleza ngaphesheya kwenqwaba yeshubhu efana nobude benotshi ngokuvamile kuthathwa izikhathi ezingu-0.20-0.45 ubukhulu bangaphakathi bekhona eliyindilinga, inothi ngokuvamile isikwa emugqeni wepayipi ngaphansi komugqa omaphakathi noma isikwe imigqa emibili yezimbobo zamapayipi phakathi kwebhuloho elincane (ukuze kube lula ukugqoka ipayipi).
c. I-Notch orientation
Uketshezi oluhlanzekile lwendlela eyodwa, ukulungiswa kwenotshi phezulu naphansi;
Igesi equkethe inani elincane loketshezi, notch phezulu ukuya engxenyeni ephansi yepuleti eligoqayo ukuze uvule imbobo ewuketshezi;
Uketshezi oluqukethe inani elincane legesi, faka phansi uqonde engxenyeni ephezulu kakhulu yepuleti eligoqayo ukuze uvule imbobo yokufaka umoya.
Ukuhlalisana kwe-gas-liquid noma uketshezi luqukethe izinto eziqinile, i-notch kwesokunxele nakwesokudla, futhi uvule imbobo ewuketshezi endaweni ephansi kakhulu.
d. Ubukhulu obuncane bepuleti lokugoqa; ubukhulu besikhathi esingasekelwe
e. Amapuleti agoqayo emikhawulweni yomibili yenqwaba yeshubhu asondelene kakhulu nendawo yokungena namagobolondo.
④Induku yokubopha
a, ububanzi kanye nenani lezinti zokubopha
Ububanzi nenombolo ngokuhambisana neThebula 6-32, 6-33 ukukhetha, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi enkulu noma ilingana nendawo enqamula ingxenye yenduku yokubopha enikezwe kuThebula 6-33 ngaphansi kwesisekelo sobubanzi nenani lezinduku zokubopha ingashintshwa, kodwa ububanzi bayo angeke bube ngaphansi kuka-10mm, inani elingekho ngaphansi kwezine.
b, induku yokubopha kufanele ihlelwe ngendlela efanayo ngangokunokwenzeka onqenqemeni olungaphandle lwenqwaba yeshubhu, endaweni yokushisa ewububanzi obukhulu, endaweni yepayipi noma eduze kwegebe lepuleti eligoqayo kufanele lihlelwe ngenani elifanele lezinduku zokubopha, noma iyiphi ipuleti eligoqayo akufanele libe ngaphansi kwamaphoyinti amathathu okusekela.
c. Bopha induku yamantongomane, abanye abasebenzisi badinga lokhu okulandelayo kwe-nati kanye nepuleti eligoqayo
⑤ Ipuleti le-anti-flush
a. Ukusethwa kwepuleti le-anti-flush ukunciphisa ukusatshalaliswa okungalingani koketshezi kanye nokuguguleka kokuphela kweshubhu yesishintshi sokushisa.
b. Ukulungisa indlela ye-anti-washout plate
Ngokusemandleni okugxilwe kushubhu le-fixed-pitch noma eduze kwepuleti leshubhu lepuleti lokuqala eligoqekayo, lapho i-inlet yegobolondo itholakala endongeni engagxilile ehlangothini lwepuleti leshubhu, ipuleti elimelene ne-scrambling lingashiselwa emzimbeni wesilinda.
(6) Ukusetha amalunga okunweba
a. Itholakala phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili zepuleti eligoqayo
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana noketshezi lwejoyinti lokunweba, uma kunesidingo, engxenyeni yokwandisa ngaphakathi kweshubhu liner, ishubhu lelayini kufanele lishiselwe egobolondweni libheke lapho kugeleza khona uketshezi, kubashintshisi bokushisa okume mpo, lapho ukugeleza koketshezi kuya phezulu, kufanele kumiswe ekugcineni okuphansi kwezimbobo zokukhipha ishubhu liner.
b. Ukunwetshwa kwamalunga edivayisi yokuvikela ukuvimbela okokusebenza kunqubo yokuthutha noma ukusetshenziswa kokudonsa okubi
(vii) ukuxhumana phakathi kwepuleti leshubhu negobolondo
a. Isandiso siphinda kabili njenge-flange
b. Ipuleti lepayipi ngaphandle kwe-flange (GB151 Appendix G)
3. I-pipe flange:
① izinga lokushisa lokuklama elikhulu noma elilingana namadigri angu-300, kufanele kusetshenziswe i-butt flange.
② ngoba isishintshi sokushisa asikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuthatha isixhumi esibonakalayo ukuze siyeke futhi sikhiphe, kufanele sibekwe eshubhuni, indawo ephakeme kakhulu yendlela yegobolondo yokopha, indawo ephansi kakhulu yembobo yokukhipha, ubuncane bobubanzi obungu-20mm.
③ Isishintshi sokushisa esiqondile singasethwa imbobo yokuchichima.
4. Ukusekela: GB151 izinhlobo ngokuvumelana nezinhlinzeko ze-Athikili 5.20.
5. Ezinye izesekeli
① Ukuphakamisa izigaxa
Ikhwalithi engaphezu kuka-30Kg ibhokisi elisemthethweni kanye nesembozo sebhokisi lamapayipi kufanele kusethwe amalugi.
② intambo ephezulu
Ukuze kube lula ukuhlakazwa kwebhokisi lamapayipi, ikhava yebhokisi lamapayipi, kufanele ibekwe ebhodini elisemthethweni, imbobo yebhokisi lepayipi ngocingo olungaphezulu.
V. Ukukhiqiza, izidingo zokuhlola
1. Ipuleti lepayipi
① amajoyinti ezinqenqe zepuleti leshubhu ekuhlolweni kwe-ray engu-100% noma i-UT, ileveli efanelekayo: RT: Ⅱ UT: Ⅰ izinga;
② Ngaphezu kwensimbi engagqwali, ipayipi lepuleti elihlukaniselwe ukwelashwa kokunciphisa ukushisa;
③ ukuchezuka kobubanzi bepuleti lembobo yebhuloho: ngokuya ngefomula yokubala ububanzi bebhuloho lembobo: B = (S - d) - D1
Ububanzi obuncane bebhuloho lembobo: B = 1/2 (S - d) + C;
2. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-tube box:
Insimbi ye-Carbon, insimbi ephansi ye-alloy eshiselwe nge-split-range partition yebhokisi lamapayipi, kanye nebhokisi lepayipi lezikhala ezingemuva ezingaphezu kwe-1/3 yobubanzi bangaphakathi bebhokisi lepayipi le-cylinder, ekusetshenzisweni kwe-welding yokwelapha ukushisa kwengcindezi, i-flange ne-partitioning sealing surface kufanele icutshungulwe ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa.
3. Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi
Lapho ingcindezi yokuklama inqubo yegobolondo iphansi kunokucindezela kwenqubo yeshubhu, ukuze kubhekwe ikhwalithi yeshubhu yokushisisa ukushisa nokuxhumeka kwepuleti leshubhu.
① Ingcindezi yohlelo lweshell yokwandisa ingcindezi yokuhlola ngohlelo lwamapayipi oluhambisana nokuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic, ukuhlola ukuthi ukuvuza kwamalunga amapayipi. (Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukucindezelwa kwefilimu okuyinhloko kwegobolondo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic kungu-≤0.9ReLΦ)
② Uma indlela engenhla ingafaneleki, igobolondo lingaba ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic ngokuvumelana nengcindezi yasekuqaleni ngemva kokudlula, bese kuba igobolondo lokuhlola ukuvuza kwe-ammonia noma ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kwe-halogen.
VI. Ezinye izindaba ezizophawulwa emashadini
1. Khombisa izinga le-tube bundle
2. Ishubhu yesishintshi sokushisa kufanele ibhalwe inombolo yokulebula
3. Ulayini wepayipi lepayipi lepayipi ngaphandle komugqa oqinile ovaliwe ovaliwe
4. Imidwebo yomhlangano kufanele ibhalwe ukuthi igebe legebe eligoqekayo
5. Izimbobo zokuphuma ezihlangene ezinwetshiwe ezijwayelekile, izimbobo zokukhipha umoya emajoyintini amapayipi, amapayipi amapayipi kufanele aphume esithombeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-11-2023