I. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-heat exchanger:
I-Shell kanye ne-tube heat exchanger zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili ezilandelayo ngokuya ngezici zesakhiwo.
1. Isakhiwo esiqinile se-shell and tube heat exchanger: lesi sixhobo sokushintsha ukushisa sesibe uhlobo lwe-tube and plate oluhleliwe, ngokuvamile singahlukaniswa sibe uhla lwe-single-tube kanye nohla lwe-multi-tube lwezinhlobo ezimbili. Izinzuzo zaso zilula futhi zincane, zishibhile futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi; ububi ukuthi i-tube ayikwazi ukuhlanzwa ngomshini.
2. I-Shell kanye ne-tube heat exchanger enedivayisi yokunciphisa izinga lokushisa: ingenza ingxenye efudumele yokwanda kwamahhala. Isakhiwo sefomu singahlukaniswa kanje:
① uhlobo lwe-heat exchanger oluntantayo: lolu hlobo lwe-heat exchanger lungandiswa ngokukhululekile ekugcineni kwepuleti le-tube, okubizwa ngokuthi "ikhanda elintantayo". Usebenzisa udonga lwe-tube kanye nodonga lwe-shell umehluko wokushisa mkhulu, isikhala se-tube bundle sivame ukuhlanzwa. Kodwa-ke, isakhiwo saso siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, izindleko zokucubungula nokukhiqiza ziphakeme.
② I-heat exchanger yeshubhu enomumo ongu-U: ine-tube plate eyodwa kuphela, ngakho-ke ishubhu inganwebeka futhi inciphe uma ishiswa noma ipholisiwe. Isakhiwo salesi heater silula, kodwa umthwalo wokukhiqiza i-bend mkhulu, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ishubhu idinga ukuba ne-radius ethile yokugoba, ukusetshenziswa kwe-tube plate akukuhle, ishubhu lihlanzwa ngomshini kunzima ukuliqaqa nokufaka esikhundleni amashubhu akulula, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi lidlule emashubhuni ahlanzekile. Lesi heater exchanger singasetshenziswa ezimweni zokushintsha okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu noma ukucindezela okuphezulu.
③ uhlobo lokushintshanisa ukushisa lwebhokisi lokupakisha: lunezinhlobo ezimbili, olulodwa lusepuletini leshubhu ekugcineni kweshubhu ngayinye lunophawu lokupakisha oluhlukile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwanda nokuncipha kwamahhala kweshubhu, lapho inani lamashubhu ku-heat exchanger lincane kakhulu, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lesi sakhiwo, kodwa ibanga phakathi kweshubhu kune-heat exchanger evamile libe likhulu, isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Olunye uhlobo lwenziwa kolunye uhlangothi lweshubhu nesakhiwo esintantayo, endaweni entantayo kusetshenziswa uphawu lonke lokupakisha, isakhiwo silula, kodwa lesi sakhiwo akulula ukusisebenzisa uma sinobubanzi obukhulu, umfutho ophezulu. I-heat exchanger yohlobo lwebhokisi lokugcwala ayisetshenziswa kakhulu manje.
II. Ukubuyekezwa kwezimo zomklamo:
1. umklamo wokushintshanisa ukushisa, umsebenzisi kufanele ahlinzeke ngezimo zokuklama ezilandelayo (amapharamitha enqubo):
1 ishubhu, ingcindezi yokusebenza kohlelo lwegobolondo (njengenye yemibandela yokunquma ukuthi imishini esekilasini, kumele inikezwe)
② ishubhu, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kohlelo lwegobolondo (ukungena/ukuphuma)
③ izinga lokushisa lodonga lwensimbi (kubalwa ngenqubo (enikezwe ngumsebenzisi))
④Igama lezinto kanye nezici
⑤Umkhawulo wokugqwala
⑥Inani lezinhlelo
⑦ indawo yokudlulisa ukushisa
⑧ Imininingwane yeshubhu yokushintshanisa ukushisa, ukuhlelwa (okuyinxantathu noma okuyisikwele)
⑨ ipuleti eligoqekayo noma inombolo yepuleti lokusekela
⑩ izinto zokuvikela kanye nobukhulu (ukuze kutholakale ukuphakama kwesihlalo se-nameplate)
(11) Upende.
Ⅰ. Uma umsebenzisi enezidingo ezikhethekile, umsebenzisi kufanele anikeze uphawu, umbala
Ⅱ. Abasebenzisi abanazo izidingo ezikhethekile, abaklami ngokwabo bakhethe
2. Izimo eziningana ezibalulekile zokuklama
① Ingcindezi yokusebenza: njengenye yemibandela yokunquma ukuthi imishini ihlukaniswe yini, kumele ihlinzekwe.
② izici zezinto: uma umsebenzisi enganikezi igama lezinto kumele anikeze izinga lobuthi bezinto.
Ngoba ubuthi bezinto ezisetshenziswayo buhlobene nokuqapha imishini okungonakalisi, ukwelashwa ngokushisa, izinga lokufakwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo zesigaba esiphezulu semishini, kodwa futhi kuhlobene nokuhlukaniswa kwemishini:
a, GB150 10.8.2.1 (f) imidwebo ikhombisa ukuthi isitsha esiphethe indawo enobuthi eyingozi kakhulu noma eyingozi kakhulu ingu-100% RT.
b, 10.4.1.3 imidwebo ikhombisa ukuthi izitsha eziphethe imithombo eyingozi kakhulu noma eyingozi kakhulu yobuthi kufanele zibe ukwelashwa kokushisa ngemva kokushiswa (amalunga ashisiwe ensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic angase angaphathwa ngokushisa)
c. Ukuxubha. Ukusetshenziswa kobuthi obuphakathi kwemishini yokuxubha eyingozi kakhulu noma eyingozi kakhulu kufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo zeSigaba III noma IV.
③ Imininingwane yepayipi:
Insimbi yekhabhoni evame ukusetshenziswa φ19×2, φ25×2.5, φ32×3, φ38×5
Insimbi engagqwali φ19×2, φ25×2, φ32×2.5, φ38×2.5
Ukuhlelwa kwamashubhu okushintshanisa ukushisa: unxantathu, unxantathu wekona, isikwele, isikwele sekona.
★ Uma kudingeka ukuhlanzwa kwemishini phakathi kwamapayipi okushintshanisa ukushisa, kufanele kusetshenziswe ukuhlelwa kwesikwele.
1. Ingcindezi yokuklama, izinga lokushisa lokuklama, i-coefficient yejoyinti yokushisela
2. Ububanzi: DN < 400 isilinda, ukusetshenziswa kwepayipi lensimbi.
I-DN ≥ isilinda esingu-400, kusetshenziswa ipuleti lensimbi eligoqiwe.
Ipayipi lensimbi elingu-16" ------- nomsebenzisi ukuze axoxe ngokusetshenziswa kwepuleti lensimbi eligoqiwe.
3. Umdwebo wokwakheka:
Ngokusho kwendawo yokudlulisa ukushisa, imininingwane yepayipi yokudlulisa ukushisa ukudweba umdwebo wesakhiwo ukuze kunqunywe inani lamapayipi okudlulisa ukushisa.
Uma umsebenzisi enikeza umdwebo wamapayipi, kodwa futhi ukubuyekeza amapayipi kungaphakathi kwendilinga yomkhawulo wamapayipi.
★Isimiso sokufaka amapayipi:
(1) embuthanweni womkhawulo wamapayipi kufanele kugcwale ipayipi.
② inani lepayipi le-multi-stroke kufanele lizame ukulinganisa inani le-stroke.
③ Ishubhu lokushintshanisa ukushisa kufanele lihlelwe ngokulinganayo.
4. Izinto
Uma ipuleti leshubhu ngokwalo linehlombe eliyindilinga futhi lixhunywe nesilinda (noma ikhanda), kufanele kusetshenziswe i-forging. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwesakhiwo esinjalo sepuleti leshubhu ngokuvamile lisetshenziselwa ukucindezela okuphezulu, ukusha, ukuqhuma, kanye nobuthi ngezikhathi ezimbi kakhulu neziyingozi kakhulu, izidingo eziphakeme zepuleti leshubhu, ipuleti leshubhu nalo lijiyile. Ukuze kugwenywe ihlombe eliyindilinga ukukhiqiza i-slag, i-delamination, futhi kuthuthukiswe izimo zokucindezeleka kwe-fiber yehlombe eliyindilinga, kuncishiswe inani lokucubungula, kongiwe izinto, ihlombe eliyindilinga kanye nepuleti leshubhu elibunjwe ngqo ngaphandle kwe-forging iyonke ukuze kukhiqizwe ipuleti leshubhu.
5. Uxhumano lwe-heat exchanger kanye ne-tube plate
I-tube ekuxhumaneni kwepuleti le-tube, ekuklanyweni kwe-shell kanye ne-tube heat exchanger iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesakhiwo. Akagcini nje ngokucubungula umthwalo womsebenzi, futhi kumele enze uxhumano ngalunye ekusebenzeni kwemishini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-medium ayinakuvuza futhi imelane nomthamo wokucindezela ophakathi.
Ukuxhumeka kwepayipi kanye nepuleti lepayipi ngokuyinhloko kuyizindlela ezintathu ezilandelayo: ukunwetshwa; ukushisela; ukushisela ukunwetshwa
Ukwandiswa kwegobolondo ne-tube phakathi kokuvuza kwabezindaba ngeke kubangele imiphumela emibi yesimo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi ukushintshwa kwezinto akukuhle (njenge-carbon steel heat exchanger tube) futhi umthwalo womsebenzi wesitshalo sokukhiqiza mkhulu kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokwanda kokuphela kwepayipi ekuguqulweni kwepulasitiki yokushisela, kuba nokucindezeleka okusele, ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa, ukucindezeleka okusele kuyanyamalala kancane kancane, ukuze ukuphela kwepayipi kunciphise indima yokuvala nokubopha, ngakho-ke ukwanda kwesakhiwo ngemingcele yokucindezela nokushisa, okusebenza ngokuvamile kungcindezi yokuklama ≤ 4Mpa, ukwakheka kwezinga lokushisa ≤ ama-degrees angu-300, kanye nokusebenza kokudlidliza okungenabudlova, akukho zinguquko zokushisa ngokweqile kanye nokugqwala okukhulu kokucindezeleka.
Ukuxhumeka kokushisela kunezinzuzo zokukhiqiza okulula, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nokuxhumeka okuthembekile. Ngokushisela, ithubhu eliya epuletini lethubhu linendima engcono ekwandiseni; futhi linganciphisa izidingo zokucubungula imbobo yepayipi, longe isikhathi sokucubungula, ukugcinwa okulula kanye nezinye izinzuzo, kufanele lisetshenziswe njengento eza kuqala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ubuthi obuphakathi bubukhulu kakhulu, i-medium kanye nomoya oxubile Kulula ukuqhuma i-medium inomsakazo noma ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwepayipi ukuxuba izinto kuzoba nomphumela omubi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amalunga avalwe, kodwa futhi kuvame ukusebenzisa indlela yokushisela. Indlela yokushisela, yize izinzuzo zabaningi, ngoba ayikwazi ukugwema ngokuphelele "ukugqwala kwe-crevice" kanye nama-node ashiselwe ukugqwala kokucindezeleka, futhi udonga oluncane lwepayipi kanye nepuleti lepayipi elijiyile kunzima ukuthola i-weld ethembekile phakathi.
Indlela yokushisela ingaba amazinga okushisa aphezulu kunokwanda, kodwa ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezeleka okuguqukayo okushisa okuphezulu, ukushisela kusengozini enkulu yokuqhekeka kokukhathala, igebe lembobo yepayipi kanye nepayipi, uma libhekene nemidiya egqwalisayo, ukusheshisa umonakalo wejoyinti. Ngakho-ke, kukhona ukushisela kanye nokwanda okusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokukhathala kwejoyinti, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukuthambekela kokugqwala kwe-crevice, ngakho-ke impilo yalo yokusebenza ide kakhulu kunalapho kusetshenziswa ukushisela kuphela.
Kuziphi izimo ezifanele ukusetshenziswa kwe-welding kanye ne-expansion joints kanye nezindlela, akukho standard efanayo. Ngokuvamile ekushiseni akuphakeme kakhulu kodwa ingcindezi iphezulu kakhulu noma i-medium kulula kakhulu ukuvuza, ukusetshenziswa kwe-strength expansion kanye ne-sealing weld (sealing weld ibhekisela nje ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-weld, futhi ayiqinisekisi amandla).
Uma ingcindezi kanye nokushisa kuphezulu kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-strength welding kanye ne-paste expansion, (i-strength welding iyasebenza noma ngabe i-weld ine-tight, kodwa futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-joint inamandla amakhulu okudonseka, ngokuvamile ibhekisela emandleni e-weld alingana namandla epayipi ngaphansi komthwalo we-axial lapho i-welding isetshenziswa). Indima yokwandisa ngokuyinhloko ukuqeda ukugqwala kwe-crevice nokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokukhathala kwe-weld. Ubukhulu obuthile besakhiwo sendinganiso (GB/T151) bubekiwe, ngeke buchaze kabanzi lapha.
Ngezidingo zobulukhuni bomphezulu wembobo yepayipi:
a, lapho uxhumano lwe-heat exchanger tube kanye ne-tube plate welding, ubukhulu be-tube surface Ra value abukho ngaphezu kwama-35uM.
b, ithubhu elilodwa lokushintshanisa ukushisa kanye nokuxhumeka kokunwetshwa kwepuleti lethubhu, ubulukhuni bomphezulu wembobo yethubhu Inani le-Ra alikho ngaphezu kokuxhumeka kokunwetshwa okungu-12.5uM, umphezulu wembobo yethubhu akufanele uthinte ukuqina kokunwetshwa kwamaphutha, njengasekulinganisweni kwe-longitudinal noma kwe-spiral.
III. Ukubalwa komklamo
1. Ukubalwa kobukhulu bodonga lwegobolondo (kufaka phakathi ibhokisi lepayipi ingxenye emfushane, ikhanda, ukubalwa kobukhulu bodonga lwe-cylinder yohlelo lwegobolondo) ipayipi, ubukhulu bodonga lwe-cylinder yohlelo lwegobolondo kufanele buhlangabezane nobukhulu bodonga obuncane ku-GB151, ngensimbi yekhabhoni kanye nensimbi ephansi ye-alloy ubukhulu bodonga buhambisana nomkhawulo wokugqwala C2 = 1mm okucatshangelwayo uma kwenzeka i-C2 inkulu kune-1mm, ubukhulu bodonga obuncane begobolondo kufanele bukhuliswe ngokufanele.
2. Ukubalwa kokuqinisa imbobo evulekile
Ukuze igobolondo lisebenzise uhlelo lweshubhu lensimbi, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ukuqinisa konke (ukwandisa ubukhulu bodonga lwesilinda noma usebenzise ishubhu enodonga olujiyile); ukuze ibhokisi leshubhu elijiyile emgodini omkhulu licabangele umnotho jikelele.
Akukho okunye ukuqinisa okufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo zamaphuzu amaningana:
① ingcindezi yomklamo ≤ 2.5Mpa;
② Ibanga eliphakathi phakathi kwemigodi emibili eseduze akufanele libe ngaphansi kwesamba esiphindwe kabili sobubanzi bemigodi emibili;
③ Ububanzi obujwayelekile bomamukeli ≤ 89mm;
④ thatha ungqimba oluncane lodonga kufanele lube yizidingo zeThebula 8-1 (thatha umkhawulo wokugqwala ongu-1mm).
3. I-Flange
I-flange yemishini esebenzisa i-flange ejwayelekile kufanele inake i-flange ne-gasket, izibambo zifanelane, ngaphandle kwalokho i-flange kufanele ibalwe. Isibonelo, thayipha i-flange yokushisela eyisicaba ku-standard ne-gasket yayo ehambisanayo ye-gasket ethambile engeyona insimbi; lapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-gasket egoqayo kufanele kubalwe kabusha i-flange.
4. Ipuleti lepayipi
Kudingeka ukunaka lezi zinkinga ezilandelayo:
1. Izinga lokushisa lomklamo wepuleti leshubhu: Ngokwezinhlinzeko ze-GB150 kanye ne-GB/T151, kufanele kuthathwe okungenani izinga lokushisa lensimbi lesakhi, kodwa ekubalweni kwepuleti leshubhu akuqinisekisi ukuthi indima yemidiya yenqubo yeshubhu igobolondo, futhi izinga lokushisa lensimbi lepuleti leshubhu kunzima ukulibala, ngokuvamile lithathwa ohlangothini oluphezulu lokushisa komklamo lokushisa lomklamo wepuleti leshubhu.
② i-heat exchanger yamashubhu amaningi: isendaweni yamapayipi, ngenxa yesidingo sokusetha i-spacer groove kanye nesakhiwo se-tie rod futhi yehlulekile ukusekelwa yindawo ye-heat exchanger Ad: GB/T151 formula.
③Ubukhulu obusebenzayo bepuleti leshubhu
Ubukhulu obusebenzayo bepuleti leshubhu bubhekisela ekuhlukanisweni kobubanzi bepayipi phansi kobukhulu be-bulkhead groove yepuleti leshubhu ngaphandle kwesamba sezinto ezimbili ezilandelayo
a, umkhawulo wokugqwala kwepayipi ongaphezu kokujula kokujula kwengxenye yomsele wokuhlukanisa ububanzi bepayipi
b, umkhawulo wokugqwala kohlelo lwegobolondo kanye nepuleti leshubhu ohlangothini lohlelo lwegobolondo lwesakhiwo sokujula komsele wezitshalo ezimbili ezinkulu kakhulu
5. Isethi yamalunga okunwebeka
Ku-fixed tube and plate heat exchanger, ngenxa yomehluko wokushisa phakathi koketshezi oluse-tube course kanye noketshezi lwe-tube course, kanye nokuxhumeka okuqinile kwe-heat exchanger kanye ne-shell and tube plate, ukuze ekusetshenzisweni kwesimo, umehluko wokwanda kwe-shell and tube ukhona phakathi kwe-shell kanye ne-tube, i-shell and tube kuya ku-axial load. Ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo we-shell and heat exchanger, ukungazinzi kwe-heat exchanger, i-heat exchanger tube evela e-tube plate idonsele, kufanele kubekwe amalunga okunwetshwa ukuze kuncishiswe umthwalo we-axial we-shell and heat exchanger.
Ngokuvamile egobolondweni kanye nokushintshanisa ukushisa, umehluko wokushisa odongeni mkhulu, kudingeka ucabangele ukusetha ijoyinti lokunweba, ekubalweni kwepuleti leshubhu, ngokusho komehluko wokushisa phakathi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene ezivamile ezibalwe σt, σc, q, enye yazo ehluleka ukufaneleka, kuyadingeka ukwandisa ijoyinti lokunweba.
σt - ukucindezeleka kwe-axial kweshubhu yokushintshanisa ukushisa
σc - ukucindezeleka kwe-axial kwesilinda yenqubo yegobolondo
q--Ipayipi lokushintshanisa ukushisa kanye nokuxhumeka kwepuleti lepayipi kwamandla okudonsa
IV. Umklamo Wesakhiwo
1. Ibhokisi lepayipi
(1) Ubude bebhokisi lepayipi
a. Ukujula okungaphansi kwangaphakathi
1 ekuvulekeni kwepayipi elilodwa lebhokisi lethubhu, ukujula okuncane maphakathi nendawo yokuvula akufanele kube ngaphansi kwe-1/3 yobubanzi bangaphakathi bomamukeli;
② ukujula kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwendlela yamapayipi kufanele kuqinisekise ukuthi indawo encane yokujikeleza phakathi kwezindlela ezimbili ingaphansi kwezikhathi eziyi-1.3 indawo yokujikeleza kweshubhu yokushintshanisa ukushisa ngenkambo ngayinye;
b, ukujula okuphezulu ngaphakathi
Cabanga ukuthi kulula yini ukushisela nokuhlanza izingxenye zangaphakathi, ikakhulukazi ngobubanzi obujwayelekile be-heat exchanger encane enamashubhu amaningi.
(2) Ukuhlukaniswa kohlelo okuhlukile
Ubukhulu kanye nokuhleleka kwesehlukaniso ngokwe-GB151 Ithebula 6 kanye noMfanekiso 15, ukuze kube nobukhulu obungaphezu kuka-10mm wesehlukaniso, indawo yokuvala kufanele inqunywe ibe ngu-10mm; ukuze kube ne-tube heat exchanger, isehlukaniso kufanele sibekwe emgodini wokuklebhula (imbobo yokukhipha amanzi), ububanzi bembobo yokukhipha amanzi ngokuvamile bungu-6mm.
2. Isikhwama segobolondo nesepayipi
①Izinga le-Tube bundle
I-Ⅰ, Ⅱ level tube bundle, kuphela ye-carbon steel, i-low alloy steel heat exchanger tube yasekhaya, kusekhona "level ephezulu" kanye "ne-ordinary level" ethuthukisiwe. Uma i-heat exchanger tube yasekhaya ingasetshenziswa ipayipi lensimbi "eliphezulu", i-carbon steel, i-low alloy steel heat exchanger bundle akudingeki ihlukaniswe ibe yi-Ⅰ kanye ne-Ⅱ level!
I-Ⅰ, Ⅱ ishubhu elihlukile litholakala kakhulu kushubhu lokushintshanisa ukushisa ngaphandle kobubanzi, ukuphambuka kobukhulu bodonga kuhlukile, usayizi wembobo ohambisanayo kanye nokuphambuka kuhlukile.
Iphakheji yeshubhu yebanga Ⅰ enezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu, yeshubhu yokushintshanisa ukushisa yensimbi engagqwali, iphakheji yeshubhu Ⅰ kuphela; yeshubhu yokushintshanisa ukushisa yensimbi yekhabhoni evame ukusetshenziswa
② Ipuleti lepayipi
a, ukuphambuka kosayizi wembobo yepayipi
Qaphela umehluko phakathi kwe-Ⅰ, Ⅱ level tube bundle
b, umsele wokuhlukanisa uhlelo
Ukujula kwesikhala esingu-Ⅰ ngokuvamile akungaphansi kuka-4mm
Ⅱ ububanzi besikhala sokuhlukanisa uhlelo olungaphansi: insimbi yekhabhoni engu-12mm; insimbi engagqwali engu-11mm
Isikhala sokuhlukanisa i-minute range slot ekhoneni ngokuvamile singama-degree angu-45, ububanzi be-chamfering b bucishe bulingane ne-radius R yekona ye-minute range gasket.
③Ipuleti eligoqekayo
a. Usayizi womgodi wepayipi: uhlukaniswe ngokwezinga lenqwaba
b, ukuphakama kwe-notch yepuleti eligoqekayo lomnsalo
Ukuphakama kwe-notch kufanele kube ngendlela yokuthi uketshezi oludlula esikhaleni kanye nesilinganiso sokugeleza kulo lonke i-tube bundle olufana nokuphakama kwe-notch ngokuvamile luthathwa izikhathi ezingu-0.20-0.45 ububanzi bangaphakathi bekona eliyindilinga, i-notch ngokuvamile inqunywa emgqeni wepayipi ngaphansi komugqa ophakathi noma inqunywe emigqeni emibili yemigodi yamapayipi phakathi kwebhuloho elincane (ukuze kube lula ukugqoka ipayipi).
c. Ukuqondiswa kwe-notch
Uketshezi oluhlanzekile oluhamba ngendlela eyodwa, ukuhlelwa kokukhuphuka nokuhla;
Igesi equkethe inani elincane loketshezi, inyuselwe phezulu iye engxenyeni ephansi kakhulu yepuleti eligoqekayo ukuze ivule imbobo yoketshezi;
Uketshezi oluqukethe inani elincane legesi, luncishiswe luye engxenyeni ephezulu yepuleti eligoqekayo ukuze kuvulwe imbobo yokungenisa umoya
Ukuhlala ndawonye kwegesi noketshezi noma uketshezi kuqukethe izinto eziqinile, kufakwa i-notch kwesobunxele nakwesokudla, bese kuvula imbobo yoketshezi endaweni ephansi kakhulu
d. Ubukhulu obuncane bepuleti eligoqekayo; ububanzi obukhulu obungasekelwa
e. Amapuleti agoqekayo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi ze-tube bundle asondele kakhulu kuma-inlet egobolondo kanye nama-outlet receiver.
④Induku yokubopha
a, ububanzi kanye nenani lezinduku zokubopha
Ububanzi kanye nenombolo ngokusho kweThebula 6-32, 6-33 ukukhetha, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo enkulu noma elingana nendawo enqamulayo yenduku yokubopha enikezwe kuThebula 6-33 ngaphansi kwesisekelo sobubanzi kanye nenani lezinduku zokubopha ingashintshwa, kodwa ububanzi bayo akufanele bube ngaphansi kuka-10mm, inani elingaphansi kuka-4
b, induku yokubopha kufanele ihlelwe ngokulinganayo ngangokunokwenzeka emaphethelweni angaphandle eshubhu, ukuze kube nomshini wokushintsha ukushisa omkhulu, endaweni yepayipi noma eduze kwesikhala sepuleti lokugoqa kufanele sihlelwe ngenani elifanele lezinduku zokubopha, noma yiliphi ipuleti lokugoqa akufanele libe ngaphansi kwamaphuzu okusekela ama-3.
c. Induku yenduku yokubopha, abanye abasebenzisi badinga okulandelayo ukushisela ipuleti lokugoqa kanye ne-nut
⑤ Ipuleti elivimbela ukugezwa kwamanzi
a. Ukusethwa kwepuleti elilwa nokuhlanza kunciphisa ukusatshalaliswa koketshezi okungalingani kanye nokuguguleka kokuphela kweshubhu yokushintshanisa ukushisa.
b. Indlela yokulungisa ipuleti elilwa nokuhlanzwa
Kangangokunokwenzeka ibekwe epayipini eliqondile noma eduze kwepuleti lepayipi lokuqala eligoqekayo, lapho indawo yokungena yegobolondo itholakala endukuni engaqondile ohlangothini lwepuleti lepayipi, ipuleti elilwa nokuskena lingashintshwa liye emzimbeni wesilinda.
(6) Ukubekwa kwamalunga okunwebeka
a. Itholakala phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili zepuleti eligoqekayo
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana koketshezi kwejoyinti lokunweba, uma kudingeka, ejoyintini lokunweba ngaphakathi kweshubhu le-liner, ishubhu le-liner kufanele lixhunywe egobolondweni ngendlela yokugeleza koketshezi, ukuze kube nezishintshi zokushisa eziqondile, lapho ukugeleza koketshezi kuya phezulu, kufanele kubekwe ekugcineni okuphansi kwezimbobo zokukhipha ishubhu le-liner.
b. Ukwandiswa kwamalunga edivayisi yokuvikela ukuvimbela imishini enqubweni yokuthutha noma ukusetshenziswa kokudonsa okubi
(vii) ukuxhumana phakathi kwepuleti leshubhu negobolondo
a. Isandiso siphindeka kabili njenge-flange
b. Ipuleti lepayipi elingenayo i-flange (GB151 Isithasiselo G)
3. I-flange yepayipi:
1. Izinga lokushisa lomklamo elikhulu kune noma elilingana nama-degrees angu-300, kufanele lisetshenziswe nge-butt flange.
② ngoba i-heat exchanger ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ukuthatha izintambo ukuze inikeze amandla futhi ikhiphe, kufanele ibekwe epayipini, iphuzu eliphakeme kakhulu le-shell course ye-bleeder, iphuzu eliphansi kakhulu le-port yokukhipha, ububanzi obuncane obuyi-20mm.
③ I-heat exchanger eqondile ingafakwa kwi-overflow port.
4. Ukusekela: Izinhlobo ze-GB151 ngokwemibandela ye-Article 5.20.
5. Ezinye izesekeli
① Ama-lug okuphakamisa
Ibhokisi elisemthethweni elingaphezu kwama-30Kg kanye nesembozo sebhokisi lepayipi kufanele kube yizicucu ezibekwe kahle.
② ucingo oluphezulu
Ukuze kube lula ukudilizwa kwebhokisi lepayipi, isembozo sebhokisi lepayipi, kufanele sibekwe ebhodini elisemthethweni, isembozo sebhokisi lepayipi sentambo ephezulu.
V. Izidingo zokukhiqiza, ukuhlolwa
1. Ipuleti lepayipi
① amalunga e-tube plate butt ahlanganisiwe ukuze kuhlolwe imisebe engu-100% noma i-UT, izinga elifanelekile: RT: Ⅱ UT: izinga Ⅰ;
② Ngaphezu kwensimbi engagqwali, ukwelashwa kokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwepayipi elihlanganisiwe;
③ ukuphambuka kobubanzi bebhuloho lembobo le-tube plate: ngokwefomula yokubala ububanzi bebhuloho lembobo: B = (S - d) - D1
Ububanzi obuncane bebhuloho lembobo: B = 1/2 (S - d) + C;
2. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwebhokisi leshubhu:
Insimbi yekhabhoni, insimbi ephansi ye-alloy eshiselwe nge-split-range partition yebhokisi lepayipi, kanye nebhokisi lepayipi lezikhala eziseceleni ezingaphezu kwe-1/3 yobubanzi bangaphakathi bebhokisi lepayipi lesilinda, ekusetshenzisweni kwe-welding yokwelapha ukushisa okudambisa ukucindezeleka, i-flange kanye nokuvala indawo yokuhlukanisa kufanele kucutshungulwe ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa.
3. Ukuhlolwa kokucindezela
Uma ingcindezi yokuklama inqubo yegobolondo iphansi kunengcindezi yenqubo yepayipi, ukuze kuhlolwe ikhwalithi yepayipi yokushintshanisa ukushisa kanye nokuxhumeka kwepuleti lepayipi
① Ukucindezela kohlelo lwe-Shell ukwandisa ingcindezi yokuhlola ngohlelo lwepayipi kuhambisana nokuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic, ukuhlola ukuthi ngabe ukuvuza kwamajoyinti epayipi kuyavuza yini. (Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukucindezeleka kwefilimu okuyinhloko kwegobolondo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic kungu-≤0.9ReLΦ)
② Uma indlela engenhla ingafaneleki, igobolondo lingahlolwa nge-hydrostatic ngokuya ngengcindezi yokuqala ngemuva kokudlula, bese kuba yigobolondo lokuhlolwa kokuvuza kwe-ammonia noma ukuhlolwa kokuvuza kwe-halogen.
VI. Ezinye izinkinga okufanele ziphawulwe kumashadi
1. Khombisa izinga le-tube bundle
2. Ishubhu lokushintshanisa ukushisa kufanele libhalwe inombolo yokulebula
3. Umugqa we-contour wepayipi le-tube ngaphandle komugqa oqinile oqinile ovaliwe
4. Imidwebo yokuhlanganisa kufanele ibhalwe ukuthi i-folding plate gap orientation
5. Izimbobo zokukhipha amanzi ezijwayelekile, izimbobo zokukhipha amanzi ezingosini zamapayipi, ama-plug amapayipi kufanele angabonakali
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-11-2023