Ukugqwala ukucekelwa phansi noma ukuwohloka kwezinto noma izakhiwo zazo okubangelwa imvelo.Ukugqwala okuningi kwenzeka endaweni esemkhathini, equkethe izingxenye ezonakalisayo kanye nezici ezonakalisayo njengomoya-mpilo, umswakama, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa nezinto ezingcolisayo.
I-Cyclic Corrosion iwukugqwala komkhathi okuvamile futhi okubhubhisa kakhulu.Ukugqwala kwe-Cyclic Corrosion ebusweni bezinto zensimbi kungenxa yama-ion e-chloride aqukethwe endaweni yensimbi yongqimba oluyi-oxidized kanye nongqimba oluvikelayo lokungena kwendawo yensimbi kanye nokusabela kwensimbi ye-electrochemical yangaphakathi okubangelwa.Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-ion e-chlorine aqukethe amandla athile e-hydration, kulula ukukhangiswa ezimbotsheni ze-metal surface, imifantu eminyene futhi ithathele indawo umoya-mpilo ongqimbeni lwe-oxide, ama-insoluble oxides abe yi-chloride encibilikayo, ukuze ukudlula kwesimo indawo engaphezulu ibe indawo esebenzayo.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion kuwuhlobo lokuhlolwa kwemvelo ikakhulukazi kusetshenziswa amathuluzi okuhlola i-Cyclic Corrosion ukuze kwakheke ukulingisa okwenziwa kwezimo zemvelo ze-Cyclic Corrosion ukuze kuhlolwe ukumelana nokugqwala kwemikhiqizo noma izinto zensimbi.Ihlukaniswe yaba izigaba ezimbili, esisodwa esokuhlolwa kokuchayeka kwemvelo, esinye esokulingisa okusheshisiwe kokwenziwa kokuhlolwa kwemvelo kwe-Cyclic Corrosion.
Ukulingisa okwenziwa kokuhlolwa kwemvelo kwe-Cyclic Corrosion ukusetshenziswa kwevolumu ethile yemishini yokuhlola isikhala - Igumbi lokuhlola le-Cyclic Corrosion (Umfanekiso), ngevolumu yalo yesikhala ngezindlela zokwenziwa, okuholela endaweni ye-Cyclic Corrosion ukuhlola ikhwalithi ye-Cyclic yomkhiqizo. Ukumelana nokugqwala.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nendawo yemvelo, ukugcwala kukasawoti we-chloride endaweni yayo ye-Cyclic Corrosion, kungaba izikhathi eziningana noma izikhathi eziningi endaweni yemvelo evamile okuqukethwe kwe-Cyclic Corrosion, ukuze izinga lokugqwala lenyuke kakhulu, ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion umkhiqizo, isikhathi sokuthola imiphumela sibuye sifinyezwe kakhulu.Njengasendaweni yokuchayeka yemvelo yokuhlolwa kwesampula yomkhiqizo, ukuze kube ukugqwala kwawo kungase kuthathe unyaka ongu-1, kuyilapho ekulingiseni okwenziwa kwezimo zemvelo ze-Cyclic Corrosion, inqobo nje uma amahora angu-24, ungathola imiphumela efanayo.
I-Cyclic Corrosion eyenziwe yaselabhorethri ingahlukaniswa izigaba ezine
(1)I-Neutral Cyclic Corrosion Test (ukuhlolwa kwe-NSS)iyindlela yokuhlola ukugqwala esheshisiwe evele ekuqaleni futhi esetshenziswa kakhulu njengamanje.Isebenzisa isixazululo esingu-5% se-sodium chloride saline, isixazululo esingu-PH inani elilungiswe kububanzi obumaphakathi (6.5 ~ 7.2) njengesixazululo sokufafaza.Izinga lokushisa lokuhlola lithathwa ku-35 ℃, izinga lokuhlala lezidingo ze-Cyclic Corrosion ku-1 ~ 2ml/80cm / h.
(2)I-Acetic acid Cyclic Corrosion test (ukuhlolwa kwe-ASS)ithuthukiswa ngesisekelo sokuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion okungathathi hlangothi.Okokwengeza i-glacial acetic acid kusisombululo esingu-5% se-sodium chloride, ukuze inani le-PH lesisombululo linciphe libe cishe ku-3, isixazululo sibe ne-acidic, futhi ukwakheka kokugcina kwe-Cyclic Corrosion nakho kushintshiwe kusuka ku-neutral Cyclic Corrosion kuya ku-acidic. .Izinga lokugqwala kwalo lishesha izikhathi ezi-3 kunokuhlolwa kwe-NSS.
(3)Usawoti wethusi usheshisa i-acetic acid Cyclic Corrosion test (ukuhlolwa kwe-CASS)isivivinyo esisha esisanda kuthuthukiswa se-Cyclic Corrosion sangaphandle, izinga lokushisa lokuhlola lika-50 ℃, isixazululo sikasawoti esinosawoti omncane wethusi - i-chloride yethusi, ukugqwala okubangelwa ngamandla.Izinga lokugqwala kwalo liphindwe izikhathi eziyisi-8 kunelokuhlolwa kwe-NSS.
(4)Ukuhlolwa kokugqwala kwe-Cyclic Alternatingiwukuhlola okuphelele kwe-Cyclic Corrosion, okuwukuhlolwa kokugqwala kwe-Cyclic Corrosion okungathathi hlangothi kanye nomswakama oqhubekayo nokuhlola ukushisa.Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo yohlobo lwe-cavity, ngokungena kwendawo enomswakama, ukuze i-Cyclic Corrosion ingakhiqizi kuphela ebusweni bomkhiqizo, kodwa futhi ngaphakathi komkhiqizo.Ingumkhiqizo okwi-Cyclic Corrosion kanye nokushisa okumswakama kwezimo ezimbili zemvelo ngokushintshana, futhi ekugcineni ihlola izici zikagesi nezomshini zomkhiqizo wonke ngokushintsha noma ngaphandle kwezinguquko.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa yokuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion ngokuvamile inikezwa ngekhwalithi kunendlela yobuningi.Zine izindlela zokwahlulela eziqondile.
①indlela yokwahlulela yokulinganisaindawo yokugqwala kanye nengqikithi yendawo yesilinganiso sephesenti ngokwendlela ethile yokuhlukanisa ibe amazinga amaningana, ukuya ezingeni elithile njengesisekelo sokwahlulela esifanelekayo, ifanele amasampula ayisicaba ukuze ahlolwe.
②ukukala indlela yokwahlulelangesisindo sesampula ngaphambi nangemuva kwendlela yesisindo sokuhlolwa kokugqwala, ukubala isisindo sokulahlekelwa ukugqwala ukuze wahlulele ikhwalithi yesampula ukumelana nokugqwala, ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yokumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi.
③indlela yokunquma ukubukeka okubolayokuyindlela yokunquma yekhwalithi, ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion, ukuthi umkhiqizo ukhiqiza isenzakalo sokugqwala ukuze unqume isampula, amazinga omkhiqizo ojwayelekile asetshenziswa kakhulu kule ndlela.
④indlela yokuhlaziya izibalo zedatha yokugqwalainikeza idizayini yokuhlolwa kokugqwala, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha yokugqwala, idatha yokugqwala ukuze kutholwe izinga lokuzethemba lendlela, esetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlaziya, ukugqwala kwezibalo, kunokuba ngokuqondile ukwahlulela kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo othile.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion yensimbi engagqwali
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion kwasungulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, ukusetshenziswa okude kakhulu "kokuhlolwa kokugqwala", okuthandwa kakhulu ngabasebenzisi bezinto ezikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala, sekuyisivivinyo "sendawo yonke".Izizathu eziyinhloko yilezi ezilandelayo: ① ukonga isikhathi;② izindleko eziphansi;③ kungaba ukuhlola ezihlukahlukene materials;④ imiphumela ilula futhi icacile, ivuna ukuxazululwa kwezingxabano zezentengiselwano.
Empeleni, ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion yensimbi engagqwali yikhona okwaziwayo kakhulu - mangaki amahora angahlolwa le nto ye-Cyclic Corrosion?Abasebenzi akumele babe umuntu ongaziwa kulo mbuzo.
Abathengisi bezinto ezibonakalayo bavame ukusebenzisaukuthathekaukwelashwa nomangcono izinga lokupholisha ebusweni, njll., ukuthuthukisa isikhathi sokuhlola se-Cyclic Corrosion sensimbi engagqwali.Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu enqumayo ukubunjwa kwensimbi engagqwali ngokwayo, okungukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-chromium, i-molybdenum ne-nickel.
Uma kuphakeme okuqukethwe kwama-elementi amabili, i-chromium ne-molybdenum, kulapho kuqina khona ukusebenza kokugqwala okudingekayo ukuze kumelane nokugqwala nokuqala ukubola kwemifantu.Lokhu ukumelana nokugqwala kuvezwa ngokwalokho okubizwaI-Pitting Resistance Equivalent(PRE) inani: PRE = %Cr + 3.3 x %Mo.
Nakuba i-nickel ingakukhulisi ukumelana kwensimbi nokugqwala nokugqwala kwemifantu, inganciphisa ngempumelelo izinga lokugqwala ngemva kokuthi inqubo yokugqwala isiqalile.Ngakho-ke izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-nickel eziqukethe i-austenitic zivame ukwenza kangcono kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwe-Cyclic Corrosion, futhi zigqwale kakhulu kunezinsimbi ezingenasici ezine-nickel ferritic eziqinile ezinokumelana okufanayo nokulingana kokugqwala.
I-Trivia: Ku-standard 304, i-Neutral Cyclic Corrosion ngokuvamile iphakathi kwamahora angama-48 nangama-72;ku-standard 316, i-Neutral Cyclic Corrosion ivamise ukuba phakathi kwamahora angama-72 nangama-120.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthiiI-Cyclic Corrosionukuhlolwa kunezithiyo ezinkulu lapho kuhlolwa izakhiwo zensimbi engagqwali.Okuqukethwe kwe-chloride ekuhlolweni kwe-Cyclic Corrosion kuphakeme kakhulu, kuyidlula kude indawo ezungezile yangempela, ngakho insimbi engagqwali ekwazi ukumelana nokugqwala endaweni esetshenziswayo yangempela ene-chloride ephansi kakhulu izogqwala ekuhlolweni kwe-Cyclic Corrosion. .
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion kushintsha ukuziphatha kokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali, ngeke kubhekwe njengokuhlola okusheshisiwe noma ukuhlolwa kokulingisa.Imiphumela inohlangothi olulodwa futhi ayinabo ubudlelwano obulinganayo nokusebenza kwangempela kwensimbi engagqwali egcina isetshenziswa.
Ngakho-ke singasebenzisa isivivinyo se-Cyclic Corrosion ukuze siqhathanise ukumelana nokugqwala kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zensimbi engagqwali, kodwa lokhu kuhlola kukwazi ukulinganisa into kuphela.Uma ukhetha izinto zensimbi engagqwali ngokukhethekile, ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion kukodwa ngokuvamile akunikezi ulwazi olwanele, ngoba asinakho ukuqonda okwanele kwesixhumanisi phakathi kwezimo zokuhlola kanye nemvelo yangempela yesicelo.
Ngesizathu esifanayo, akwenzeki ukulinganisa impilo yesevisi yomkhiqizo ngokusekelwe kuphela ekuhlolweni kwe-Cyclic Corrosion yesampula yensimbi engagqwali.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunakwenzeka ukwenza ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zensimbi, isibonelo, asikwazi ukuqhathanisa insimbi engagqwali ne-coated carbon steel, ngoba izindlela zokugqwala zezinto ezimbili ezisetshenziswe ekuhlolweni zihluke kakhulu, futhi ukuhlobana phakathi imiphumela yokuhlolwa kanye nendawo yangempela lapho umkhiqizo uzogcina usetshenziswa akufani.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-06-2023