Ukugqwala ukubhujiswa noma ukuwohloka kwezinto noma izakhiwo zazo okubangelwa imvelo. Ukugqwala okuningi kwenzeka ezindaweni zomkhathi, eziqukethe izingxenye ezigqwala kanye nezinto ezigqwala njengomoya-mpilo, umswakama, izinguquko zokushisa kanye nokungcola.
Ukugqwala kwe-Cyclic kuwukugqwala okuvamile nokubhubhisa kakhulu emoyeni. Ukugqwala kwe-Cyclic Corrosion ebusweni bezinto zensimbi kubangelwa ama-ion e-chloride aqukethwe ebusweni bensimbi bengqimba e-oxidized kanye nengqimba evikelayo yokungena kobuso bensimbi kanye nokusabela kwe-electrochemical yensimbi yangaphakathi okubangelwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-ion e-chlorine aqukethe amandla athile omswakama, okulula ukuwamunca ezimbotsheni zobuso bensimbi, aqhekeke agcwale futhi athathe indawo ye-oxygen kungqimba lwe-oxide, ama-oxide angancibiliki abe ama-chloride ancibilikayo, ukuze isimo sobuso sidlulele endaweni esebenzayo.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion uhlobo lokuhlolwa kwemvelo olusebenzisa kakhulu imishini yokuhlola i-Cyclic Corrosion ukudala ukulingisa okwenziwayo kwezimo zemvelo ze-Cyclic Corrosion ukuhlola ukumelana nokugqwala kwemikhiqizo noma izinto zensimbi. Kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili, esinye sokuhlolwa kokuchayeka kwemvelo yemvelo, esinye sokulingisa okusheshayo okwenziwayo kokuhlolwa kwemvelo ye-Cyclic Corrosion.
Ukulingisa okwenziwe kokuhlolwa kwemvelo kwe-Cyclic Corrosion ukusetshenziswa kwenani elithile lemishini yokuhlola isikhala - igumbi lokuhlola le-Cyclic Corrosion (Isithombe), ngobukhulu besikhala salo ngezindlela zokwenziwa, okuholela endaweni ye-Cyclic Corrosion ukuhlola ikhwalithi yokumelana nokugqwala komkhiqizo we-Cyclic Corrosion.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nendawo yemvelo, ukuhlushwa kukasawoti we-chloride endaweni yayo ye-Cyclic Corrosion, kungaba izikhathi eziningana noma kaningi kunokuqukethwe kwe-Cyclic Corrosion okujwayelekile endaweni yemvelo, ukuze izinga lokugqwala likhuphuke kakhulu, ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion kumkhiqizo, isikhathi sokuthola imiphumela naso sifushane kakhulu. Njengasendaweni yemvelo yokuvezwa kokuhlolwa kwesampula yomkhiqizo, ukugqwala kwayo kungathatha unyaka owodwa, kuyilapho ekulingiseni okwenziwayo kwezimo zemvelo ze-Cyclic Corrosion, isikhathi eside esingamahora angu-24, ungathola imiphumela efanayo.
Ukugqwala Kwe-Cyclic okulingiswa elabhorethri kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine
(1)Ukuhlolwa Kokugqwala Okungathathi Nhlangothi (ukuhlolwa kwe-NSS)kuyindlela yokuhlola ukugqwala esheshisiwe eyavela ekuqaleni kakhulu futhi okwamanje iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu. Isebenzisa isisombululo se-saline esingu-5% se-sodium chloride, inani le-PH lesisombululo elilungisiwe kububanzi obungathathi hlangothi (6.5 ~ 7.2) njengesixazululo sokufafaza. Izinga lokushisa lokuhlola lithathwa ku-35 ℃, izinga lokuxazulula izidingo ze-Cyclic Corrosion ku-1 ~ 2ml/80cm/h.
(2)Ukuhlolwa kwe-Acetic acid Cyclic Corrosion (ukuhlolwa kwe-ASS)ithuthukiswe ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwe-neutral Cyclic Corrosion. Iwukufaka i-glacial acetic acid ethile kusisombululo se-sodium chloride esingu-5%, ukuze inani le-PH lesisombululo lehle libe cishe ngu-3, isixazululo sibe ne-acidic, futhi ukwakheka kokugcina kwe-Cyclic Corrosion nakho kushintshwe kusuka ku-neutral Cyclic Corrosion kuya ku-acidic. Izinga layo lokugqwala lishesha cishe izikhathi ezintathu kune-NSS test.
(3)Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion okusheshisiwe ngosawoti wethusi (ukuhlolwa kwe-CASS)iyisivivinyo sokugqwala okusheshayo se-Cyclic Corrosion esisanda kuthuthukiswa, izinga lokushisa lokuhlola elingu-50 ℃, isixazululo sikasawoti esinenani elincane likasawoti wethusi - i-copper chloride, okubangela ukugqwala okukhulu. Izinga layo lokugqwala licishe libe izikhathi ezingu-8 kunesivivinyo se-NSS.
(4)Ukuhlolwa Kokugqwala Kwe-Cyclic OkuhlukileUkuhlolwa okuphelele kwe-Cyclic Corrosion, empeleni okuwukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion okungathathi hlangothi kanye nokuhlolwa komswakama nokushisa okuqhubekayo. Kusetshenziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni yonke yohlobo lwe-cavity, ngokungena kwendawo enomswakama, ukuze i-Cyclic Corrosion ingakhiqizi kuphela ebusweni bomkhiqizo, kodwa futhi nangaphakathi komkhiqizo. Ungumkhiqizo ku-Cyclic Corrosion kanye nokushisa okunomswakama okubili ngokushintshana, futhi ekugcineni uhlole izakhiwo zikagesi nezemishini zomkhiqizo wonke ngokushintsha noma ngaphandle kokushintsha.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion ngokuvamile inikezwa ngesimo sekhwalithi hhayi ngesimo sobuningi. Kunezindlela ezine zokwahlulela ezithile.
①indlela yokwahlulela isilinganisoindawo yokugqwala kanye nendawo iyonke yesilinganiso sephesenti ngokwendlela ethile yokuhlukanisa ibe amazinga amaningana, kuya ezingeni elithile njengesisekelo sokwahlulela esifanelekile, kufanelekile kumasampula ayisicaba ukuze ahlolwe.
②indlela yokwahlulela ngesilinganisoKusetshenziswa indlela yokulinganisa isisindo sesampula ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlolwa kokugqwala, bala isisindo sokulahlekelwa kokugqwala ukuze wahlulele ikhwalithi yokumelana nokugqwala kwesampula, ifaneleka kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwekhwalithi yokumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi.
③indlela yokunquma ukubukeka okugqwalisayokuyindlela yokunquma esezingeni eliphezulu, kuyi-Cyclic Corrosion test, ukuthi umkhiqizo ukhiqiza yini into yokugqwala ukuze kutholakale isampula, amazinga omkhiqizo ajwayelekile asetshenziswa kakhulu kule ndlela.
④indlela yokuhlaziya izibalo zedatha yokugqwalaihlinzeka ngomklamo wokuhlolwa kokugqwala, ukuhlaziywa kwedatha yokugqwala, idatha yokugqwala ukuze kunqunywe izinga lokuzethemba lendlela, esetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlaziya, ukugqwala kwezibalo, kunokuba kube ngokuqondile ukwahlulela kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo othize.
Ukuhlolwa kokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali nge-cyclic
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion kwasungulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, kuyindlela ende kakhulu yokusetshenziswa "kokuhlolwa kokugqwala", izinto ezingagqwali kakhulu ezithandwa ngumsebenzisi, futhi sekuyindlela "yokuhlola yonke indawo". Izizathu eziyinhloko yilezi ezilandelayo: ① ukonga isikhathi; ② izindleko eziphansi; ③ ingahlola izinto ezahlukahlukene; ④ imiphumela ilula futhi icacile, ilungele ukuxazululwa kwezingxabano zezentengiselwano.
Empeleni, ukuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion kwensimbi engagqwali yikho okwaziwa kakhulu - mangaki amahora lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion? Abasebenzi abangochwepheshe akumelwe babe ngabantu abangayazi le mibuzo.
Abathengisi bezinto ezibonakalayo bavame ukusebenzisaukungabi nandabaukwelashwa nomathuthukisa izinga lokupholisha ubuso, njll., ukuthuthukisa isikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-Cyclic Corrosion sensimbi engagqwali. Kodwa-ke, isici esibaluleke kakhulu esinqumayo ukwakheka kwensimbi engagqwali ngokwayo, okungukuthi okuqukethwe yi-chromium, i-molybdenum kanye ne-nickel.
Uma okuqukethwe kwezinto ezimbili, i-chromium ne-molybdenum kuphakeme, kulapho ukusebenza kokugqwala okudingekayo ukumelana nokugqwala kwemigodi kanye nokuqhekeka kuqala ukuvela. Lokhu kumelana nokugqwala kuvezwa ngokwezinto ezibizwa ngokuthiUkumelana Nokugoba Okulinganayo(PRE) inani: PRE = %Cr + 3.3 x %Mo.
Nakuba i-nickel ingakhulisi ukumelana kwensimbi ekugqwaleni kwemigodi kanye nokugqwala, inganciphisa ngempumelelo izinga lokugqwala ngemva kokuba inqubo yokugqwala isiqalile. Ngakho-ke, izinsimbi ezingenalutho ze-austenitic eziqukethe i-nickel zivame ukusebenza kangcono kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwe-Cyclic Corrosion, futhi zigqwala kancane kakhulu kunezinsimbi ezingenalutho ze-ferritic ze-nickel eziphansi ezinokumelana okufanayo nokulingana kokugqwala kwemigodi.
Izinto Ezingaqondakali: Ku-standard 304, i-neutral Cyclic Corrosion ngokuvamile iphakathi kwamahora angu-48 nangu-72; ku-standard 316, i-neutral Cyclic Corrosion ngokuvamile iphakathi kwamahora angu-72 nangu-120.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthiiUkugqwala Okujikelezayoukuhlolwa kunezinkinga ezinkulu lapho kuhlolwa izakhiwo zensimbi engagqwali.Okuqukethwe kwe-chloride kwe-Cyclic Corrosion ekuhlolweni kwe-Cyclic Corrosion kuphakeme kakhulu, kudlula kakhulu indawo yangempela, ngakho-ke insimbi engagqwali engamelana nokugqwala endaweni yangempela yokusetshenziswa enokuqukethwe kwe-chloride okuphansi kakhulu nayo izogqwala ekuhlolweni kwe-Cyclic Corrosion.
Ukuhlolwa kokugqwala kwe-Cyclic kushintsha ukuziphatha kokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali, akunakubhekwa njengokuhlolwa okusheshisiwe noma ukuhlolwa kokulingisa. Imiphumela ihlangothini olulodwa futhi ayinabo ubudlelwano obufanayo nokusebenza kwangempela kwensimbi engagqwali esetshenziswa ekugcineni.
Ngakho-ke singasebenzisa isivivinyo se-Cyclic Corrosion ukuqhathanisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zensimbi engagqwali, kodwa lesi sivivinyo sikwazi ukukala kuphela izinto. Uma kukhethwa izinto zensimbi engagqwali ngokukhethekile, isivivinyo se-Cyclic Corrosion sodwa asivamisile ukunikeza ulwazi olwanele, ngoba asinalo ukuqonda okwanele kokuxhumana phakathi kwezimo zokuhlola nendawo yangempela yokusetshenziswa.
Ngesizathu esifanayo, akunakwenzeka ukulinganisa impilo yesevisi yomkhiqizo ngokusekelwe kuphela ekuhlolweni kwe-Cyclic Corrosion kwesampula yensimbi engagqwali.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunakwenzeka ukuqhathanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zensimbi, isibonelo, asikwazi ukuqhathanisa insimbi engagqwali nensimbi yekhabhoni eboshwe, ngoba izindlela zokugqwala zezinto ezimbili ezisetshenziswe esivivinyweni zihlukile kakhulu, futhi ukuhlobana phakathi kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa nendawo yangempela lapho umkhiqizo uzogcina usetshenziswa khona akufani.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-06-2023