Amapayipi we-OctgIsetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukumba amafutha kanye nemithombo yegesi kanye nokuhambisa uwoyela negesi. Kubandakanya amapayipi okushayela uwoyela, ama-oyela, kanye namapayipi okukhishwayo kawoyela.Amapayipi we-OctgIsetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuxhuma ama-drill collers kanye nokushayela kwe-drill bese udlulisa amandla okumba.I-petroleum casing isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuxhasa i-Wellbore ngesikhathi sokumba nangemva kokuphothula, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwawo wonke amafutha ngesikhathi senqubo yokumba nangemva kokuphothula. Amafutha negesi ezansi komthombo wamafutha athuthwa ikakhulu ebusweni ngeshubhu lokupompa lamafutha.
Ukufaka uwoyela yindlela yokugcina impilo yokusebenza kwemithombo kawoyela. Ngenxa yezimo ezahlukahlukene zezwe, isimo sengcindezi esingaphansi komhlaba siyinkimbinkimbi, futhi imiphumela ehlanganisiwe yengxabano, ukucindezelwa, ukugoba, kanye nokuxineka kwe-torsion emzimbeni kubeka izidingo eziphakeme zekhwalithi ngokwako. Lapho nje ukuzibandakanya ngokwako sekulimele ngenxa yesizathu esithile, kungahle kuholele ekunciphiseni ekukhiqizweni noma ekuqhekekeni kwawo wonke umthombo.
Ngokwamandla wensimbi uqobo, i-casing ingahlukaniswa ngamabanga ahlukile ensimbi, okungu-j55, K55, N80, L80, i-C90, i-T95, i-P150, njll. Ibanga lensimbi elisetshenzisiwe ngokuya ngesimo nokujula. Ezindaweni ezihlanzayo, kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi ukuzibandakanya ngokwako kunokumelana nokugqwala. Ezindaweni ezinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zezwe lezwe, kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi ama-casing anokusebenza kokuwohloka.
I.I-BIORTY UNKAKALA KWAMAHHALA we-Octg Pipe
1, amagama akhethekile ahlobene nencazelo yepayipi kaPetroleum
I-API: yisifinyezo se-American Petroleum Institute.
I-Octg: Yisifushaniso sempahla yezwe kawoyela, okusho ukuthi ishubhu eliqondene namafutha, kufaka phakathi ukuqedwa kwamafutha, ipayipi eliqediwe, ama-drill collars, ama-hoops, amalunga amafushane nokunye.
Ama-tubing kawoyela: Ishubhu elisetshenziswe emithonjeni kawoyela ukukhishwa uwoyela, ukukhishwa kwegesi, umjovo wamanzi kanye nokuphupha kwe-acid.
Ukufaka: Ishubhu elehliswe ebusweni bomhlaba bube yisigaxa esibiziweyo njenge-liner ukuvikela ukuwa kodonga kahle.
I-Drill Pipe: I-Pipe lisetshenziselwa ukumba ama-boreholes.
Umugqa wepayipi: ipayipi elisetshenziselwa ukuthutha uwoyela noma igesi.
Imibuthano: Ama-Cylinders asetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amapayipi amabili anezinhlamvu ngezintambo zangaphakathi.
Izinto ezihambisana nazo: Ipayipi elisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ukuhlanganisa.
Imicu ye-API: Imicu yepayipi echazwe nge-API 5B Standard, kufaka phakathi imicu yepayipi yepayipi, ukukhipha imicu ye-Round ende, ukukhipha imicu ye-trapezoidal ende, imicu yepayipi yelayini nokunye.
I-Buckle ekhethekile: Imicu engeyona eye-API enezakhiwo ezikhethekile zokubopha, izakhiwo zokuxhuma nezinye izakhiwo.
Ukwehluleka: Ukuguqulwa, ukwaphuka, ukulimala okungaphezulu nokulahleka komsebenzi woqobo ngaphansi kwemibandela yensizakalo ethile. Izinhlobo eziphambili zokuhluleka kwamafutha e-casing yilezi: Ukukhishwa, ukuskena, ukuqhuma, ukuvuza, ukugqwala, ukubopha kanye nokunye.
2, amazinga ahlobene kaphethiloli
I-API 5CT: Ukucacisa kanye nokucaciswa kweshubhu (okwamanje inguqulo yakamuva yohlelo lwe-8)
I-API 5D: I-Drill Pipe Diafication (Uhlobo lwakamuva lwe-5th Edition)
I-API 5L: Ukucaciswa kwensimbi ye-Pipeline Steel (uhlobo lwakamuva lwe-44th Edition)
I-API 5B: Ukucaciswa kwemishini, ukulinganisa nokuhlola ama-casing, ipayipi kawoyela kanye nemicu yepayipi
I-GB / T 9711.1-1997: Izimo Zobuchwepheshe Zokulethwa kwamapayipi ensimbi wokuhamba kwemboni kawoyela negesi Ingxenye 1: Bhala amapayipi ensimbi
I-GB / T9711.2-1999: Izimo zobuchwepheshe zokulethwa kwamapayipi ensimbi wokuhamba kwemboni kawoyela negesi Ingxenye 2: Amapayipi ensimbi e-grade b
I-GB / T9711.3-2005: Izimo zobuchwepheshe zokulethwa kwamapayipi ensimbi ngokuhamba kwe-petroleum nemvelo yemvelo Imboni Ingxenye 3: I-Grade C Pipe
Ⅱ. Ipayipi kawoyela
1. Ukuhlukaniswa kwamapayipi kawoyela
Amapayipi kawoyela ahlukaniswe nge-tubing engaphatheki (NU), ukucashunwa kwangaphandle (i-eu) tubing, kanye neTibling ehlanganisiwe ehlanganisiwe. I-tubing engaphatheki isho ukuphela kwepayipi okufakwe ngaphandle kokuqina futhi ifakwe ngokuhlangana. I-tubing yangaphandle ecasukile isho ukuphela kwamapayipi amabili aqiniswe ngaphandle, bese ahlanganiswa futhi afakwe ama-clamps. I-tubing ehlanganisiwe ehlanganisiwe isho ipayipi elixhunywe ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokuhlangana, ngokuphela okukodwa ngentambo yangaphandle elihlanganiswe ngaphakathi kanye nolunye uhlangothi oluphethwe ngaphesheya ngomugqa wangaphakathi ohlanganisiwe.
2.Imbani yeshubhu
①, ukukhishwa kwamafutha negesi: Ngemuva kokudonswa kwamafutha negesi kwakhiwa futhi kufakwe i-centering, ishubhu libekwe e-casing kawoyela ukuze likhiphe uwoyela nogesi emhlabathini.
②, umjovo wamanzi: Lapho ingcindezi yokwehla akwanele, ifake amanzi emthonjeni ngeshubhu.
③, umjovo we-Steam: Esezinhlelweni zokubuyiselwa okushisayo kwamafutha abukhulu, umusi ukufakwa emthonjeni ngamapayipi kawoyela afakiwe.
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3.Steel ibanga lepayipi kawoyela
Amabanga ensimbi wepayipi kawoyela yile: H40, J55, N80, L80, C90, T90, P110.
I-N80 ihlukaniswe i-N80-1 ne-N80Q, lezi zinto ezimbili ziyindawo efanayo yezinye izikhathi, ukwehliswa kokusebenza okujwayelekile ngemuva kokuphola okubucayi, futhi kungasetshenziswa ukuthola ezinye izindlela zomoya, futhi kungasetshenziswa ukuthola ezinye izindlela zomoya, futhi kungadingeki. I-N80QQ kumele ibe nomoya onomoya omnandi (ukujuluka nokugunda) Ukwelashwa, umsebenzi wethonya kufanele ube nokuhambisana nezinhlinzeko ze-API 5ct, futhi kufanele kube ukuhlolwa okungeyona eyonakalisayo.
I-L80 ihlukaniswe i-L80-1, l80-9CR ne-L80-13CR. Izakhiwo zazo zemishini kanye nesimo sokulethwa ziyefana. Umehluko osetshenziswayo, ubunzima bokukhiqiza kanye nentengo, l80-1 ngohlobo olujwayelekile, l80- 9cr ne-l80-13cr kukhona ukumelana okuphezulu, ukukhiqizwa kobunzima, okubizayo, okuvame ukusetshenziselwa ama-Wells akhulisayo.
I-C90 ne-T95 ihlukaniswe ngohlobo 1 nohlobo 2, okungukuthi, c90-1, c90-2 no-T95-1, T95-2.
4) Ibanga lensimbi elisetshenzisiwe, ibanga kanye nesimo sokulethwa kwepayipi kawoyela
Isimo Sokulethwa Kwebanga lensimbi
I-J55 Pipe Pipe 37MN5 FLATIL PIPE PIPE: Kushushulusiwe Kugoqwe Esikhundleni Sokujwayelekile
Ipayipi likawoyela eligqinsiwe: ubude obugcwele obujwayelekile obujwayelekile ngemuva kokuqina.
I-N80-1 TUBING 36MN2V Thayipha Track-Trep-Type tubing: Kuvusene
Ipayipi likawoyela eligqinsiwe: ubude obugcwele obujwayelekile obujwayelekile ngemuva kokuqina
I-N80-Q Amafutha Ipayipi 30MN5 Ukushisa Okugcwele
L80-1 ipayipi kawoyela 30MN5 Ukushisa Okugcwele
I-P110 I-PIPE PIPE 25CRMNMO FULL-FELTH
UJ55 Coupling 37mn5 Hot Rolled on-line ejwayelekile
N80 Coupling 28mntib ubude obugcwele
L80-1 coupling 28mntib ubude obugcwele
I-P110 Clamps 25crmnmo ubude obugcwele
Ⅲ. Imqhanza
1, ukuhlukaniswa kwezigaba neqhaza le-casing
I-Casing iyipayipi lensimbi elisekela udonga lomthombo wamafutha negesi. Izendlalelo eziningana ze-casing zisetshenziswa emcimbini ngamunye ngokuya ngokujula kokumba okuhlukile nezimo zezwe lesayensi. Usimende usetshenziselwa ukwenza usimende lapho kwehliswe emthonjeni, futhi ngokungafani nepayipi likawoyela kanye nepayipi lokudonsa, akunakusetshenziswa futhi kungokwakwenziwayo kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwama-akhawunti ama-akhawunti angaphezu kwama-70% awo wonke amashubhu kawoyela. Ukufakwa kungahlukaniswa ku: I-Condeit, Casing, Casing, Case
I-2.conductor casing
Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukumba oLwandlekazi nogwadule ukuze uhlukanise amanzi olwandle kanye nesihlabathi ukuqinisekisa inqubekela phambili ebushelelezi yokushayela, imininingwane esemqoka yalokhu ungqimba lwe-2.4mm, Φ76mm, Φ76mm × 19.06mm.
I-Great Casing: Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukumba kokuqala, ukumba vula ingaphezulu le-strata elixegayo kuya embhedeni, ukuze kusayinwe le ngxenye ye-strata kusuka ekuweni, kudinga ukubekwa uphawu nge-casing engaphezulu. Ukucaciswa okusemqoka kwe-Casing engaphezulu: 508mm (20in), 406.4mm (166), 339.45mm (13-3 / 9NMM (10-3 / 9NM), njll. Ukujula kwepayipi eliphansi kuncike ekujuleni kwe-stratum evulekile, okuvame kakhulu ama-80 ~ 1500 m. Ingcindezi yaso yangaphandle neyangaphakathi ayikho, futhi ngokuvamile yamukela i-K55 Broad ibanga noma ibanga lensimbi.
3..
Ukufakwa kwezobuchwepheshe kusetshenziswa kwinqubo yokumba ekwakhiweni okuyinkimbinkimbi. Lapho uhlangabezana nezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi njengesendlalelo esehlisiwe, ungqimba lwamafutha, ungqimba lwamanzi, ungqimba lwamanzi, ungqimba oluvuzayo, ungqimba ungqimba, kudingeka ukubeka phansi i-technical casing ukuze ulinamathisele. Eminye imithombo ijulile futhi iyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ukujula komthombo kufinyelela izinkulungwane zamamitha, lolu hlobo lwemithombo ejulile ludinga ukubeka phansi izingqimba eziningana zezobuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa kwalo kwensimbi kuphezulu futhi kusetshenziswa amamaki ajulile, asetshenziswa amabanga angewona ama-non-API, njenge-V150. Ukucaciswa okuyinhloko kwezobuchwepheshe yilezi: 339.73 Ukucaciswa okuyinhloko kokulandela kwezobuchwepheshe kungokulandelayo: 339.43mm (10-3 / 88mm (9-5 / 88mm (9-5 / 88mm (8-5 / 8NM (7-5 / 8NM (7-5 / 8in), 177.8mm (7in) nokunye.
4. Ukufaka uwoyela
Lapho umthombo uqhutshwa kahle engxenyeni yokuya lapho uya khona (ungqimba aqukethe uwoyela negesi), kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-casing kawoyela ukubeka uphawu lokubeka uwoyela negesi kanye ne-strata evelele kawoyela, futhi ingaphakathi lokuvezwa kwamafutha, futhi ingaphakathi le-casing kawoyela yiletha kawoyela. Ukufaka uwoyela kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-casing ekujuleni okujulile okujulile, izakhiwo zayo zemishini kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kokubekwa uphawu nazo ziphezulu kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-P110 yensimbi K55, i-N80, P110, Q125, v150 njalonjalo. Ukucaciswa okuyinhloko kokwakheka kokwakheka yilezi: 177.8mm (7in), 168.7mm (6-5 / 8MM (6-5 / 8in), njll.
V.Drill Pipe
1, ukuhlukaniswa kanye nendima yepayipi lamathuluzi okumba
Ipayipi eligayelwe isikwele, ipayipi elinesisindo, ipayipi elinesisindo kanye nekholaji yokushayela kumathuluzi wokumba akha ipayipi lokumba. Ipayipi le-Drill liyithuluzi lokumba elisemqoka lishayela i-dring kancane ukusuka phansi kuya phansi komthombo, futhi futhi kuyisiteshi ukusuka phansi kuya phansi komthombo. Inezindima ezintathu eziyinhloko: ① Ukudlulisela i-torque ukushayela i-drill bit ukuze ibambe; ② Ukuthembela esindweni sayo ukuze afune ingcindezi ku-drill bit ukuphula idwala phansi komthombo; ③ Ukudlulisela uketshezi lokuwasha kahle, okungukuthi, udaka oludonsa ngomhlabathi ngokusebenzisa amaphampu we-maud angcindezi aphezulu, ku-shorhole yekholomu yokugoba futhi uphole i-drill carbris bese uphola umthombo we-drill phakathi kwekholomu nodonga lokubuyela emhlabathini. I-Drill Pipe kwinqubo yokumba ukumelana nemithwalo ehlukahlukene eyinkimbinkimbi, efana ne-tensile, ukucindezela, ukuphazamisa, ukugoba nezinye izingcindezi, kungaphansi kokushaywa ngokucindezela okucindezelayo.
. Ukucaciswa kwayo yile: 63.5mm (2-1 / 2in), 88.9mm (3-1 / 2in), 107.95mm (4-1 / 4in), 133.35mm (5-1 / 4mm), 152.4mm (6in) nokunye) nokunye. Imvamisa ubude obusetshenzisiwe bungu-12 ~ 14.5m.
. Imininingwane ye-Drill Pipe yile: 60.3mm (2-3 / 8NM), 73.3MM (2-7 / 8mm), 114.3mm), 127.7mm (5-7mm (5in), 139
. Ukucaciswa okuyinhloko kwesisindo se-drill pipe kuma-88.9mm (3-1 / 2in) no-127mm (5in).
. Ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwekhola ye-drill yile: 158.75mm (6-1 / 4in), 177.85mm (7N), 203.2mm (8in), 228.6mm (9in), 98) nokunye.
V. Line Pipe
1, ukuhlukaniswa kwepayipimu yomugqa
I-Line Pipe isetshenziswa embonini kawoyela negesi yokuhamba kwamafutha, uwoyela ocwengiwe, igesi yemvelo namapayipi amanzi ngepayipi lensimbi isikhashana. Ukuhamba kwamapayipi kawoyela kanye negesi kuhlukaniswe nge-pipeline eyinhloko, ipayipi elingamapayishi kanye ne-urban pipeline network popleline izinhlobo ezintathu ze-Pipelines ze-106 ~ 1219mm, usayizi wensimbi x42 ~ x80; Ipayipi legatsha kanye nepayipi yepayipi yepayipi yasemadolobheni yezincazelo ezijwayelekile ze- # 114 ~ 700mm, usayizi odongeni lwe-6 ~ 20mm, i-steel ebangeni le-x42 ~ x80. Ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwamapayipi okuphakelayo kanye namapayipi asemadolobheni angama-114-700mm, odongeni ubukhulu be-6-20mm, i-steel ebangeni X42-X80.
I-Line Pipe inepayipi le-welded yensimbi, futhi inepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo, ipayipi lensimbi eline-welded lisetshenziswa ngaphezu kwepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo.
2, Line Pipe ejwayelekile
I-Line Pipeal ejwayelekile yi-API 5L "Pipeline Steel Pipe okucacisiwe", kodwa i-China ngo-1997 yamemezela amazinga amabili kazwelonke e-Pipeline Pipe: I-GB / T9711.1997 "Imboni yezobuchwepheshe, ipayipi lensimbi". Ipayipi lensimbi ", lezi zindinganiso ezimbili zilingana ne-API 5L, abasebenzisi abaningi basekhaya badinga ukuhlinzekwa kwalezi zindinganiso zezwe ezimbili.
3, Mayelana nePSL1 nePSL2
I-PSL yisifinyezo sezinga lokucaciswa komkhiqizo. Izinga lokucaciswa komkhiqizo we-Line Pipe lihlukaniswe nge-PSL1 ne-PSL2, lingashiwo nokuthi izinga lekhwalithi lihlukaniswe nge-PSL1 nePSL2. I-PSL1 iphakeme kunePSL2, izinga 2
I-PSL2 ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo ze-Tensile, amandla umthelela, ukuhlolwa okungelonakalisayo nezinye izinkomba ziqinile kunePSL1.
4, Ibanga lensimbi yepayipi kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali
Ibanga lensimbi ye-Line Pipe lisuka kokuphansi lihlukaniswe lihlukaniswe: A25, A, B, x42, x60, x52, x60, x65, x70 kanye x80.
Ingcindezi yamanzi amapayipi ayi-5 nezidingo ezingeyona eyonakalisayo
I-Line Pipe kufanele yenziwe igatsha ngeGatsha Hydraulic Test, futhi izinga alivumeli isizukulwane esingelonakalisa phansi sengcindezelo ye-hydraulic, okubuye kube umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-API Standard kanye nezindinganiso zethu.
I-PSL1 ayidingi ukuhlolwa okungahambi kahle, i-PSL2 kufanele ibe igatsha lokuhlola elingelona iqiniso ngegatsha.
VI.Premium uxhumano
1, ukwethulwa kokuxhumeka kwe-premium
Ibhande elikhethekile lihlukile kwintambo ye-API ngesakhiwo esikhethekile sentambo yepayipi. Yize i-API ekhona ye-API enomugqa esetshenziswayo isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuxhashazwe kahle kwamafutha, ukushiyeka kwawo kuboniswe kahle endaweni ekhethekile yama-kawoyela amasimu, yize ukusebenza kwayo kwethambekele ku-80% kuma-80% ama-80% wamandla wepayipi, ngakho-ke akunakusetshenziswa ekuxhashazweni kwemithombo yepayipi, ngakho-ke akunakusetshenziswa ekuxhashazweni kwemithombo yepayipi, ngakho-ke akunakusetshenziswa ekuxhashazweni kwemithombo yepayipi, ngakho-ke ngeke kusetshenziswe ekuxhashazweni kwemithombo yepayipi, ngakho-ke akunakusetshenziswa ekuxhashazweni kwemithombo yepayipi, ngakho-ke akunakusetshenziswa ekuxhashazweni kwemithombo yepayipi, ngakho-ke akunakusetshenziswa ekuxhashazweni kwemithombo yepayipi, ngakho-ke akunakusetshenziswa ekuxhashazweni kwemithombo ejulile; Ikholomu yokucwaswa kwepayipi ye-API I-API inobethelwe ipayimu yepayipi eline-trapezoidal, ukusebenza kwalo akukuhle. Yize ukusebenza kwe-tensile yekholomu kuphakeme kakhulu kunalokho kwe-API Round Twent Concent, ukusebenza kwalo kokubekwa uphawu akukuhle kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngeke kusetshenziswe ekuxhashazweni kwemithombo ephezulu yegesi yokucindezela; Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafutha anentambo angadlala kuphela indima yawo emvelweni enokushisa ngaphansi kwama-95 ℃, ngakho-ke angeke isetshenziswe ekuxhashazweni kwemithombo ephezulu yokushisa.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nentambo eyindilinga ye-API kanye nokuxhumeka kwentambo ye-trapezoidal TrapeZiodal, ukuxhumana kwe-premium kwenze intuthuko ehlukile kulezi zinto ezilandelayo:
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(3) ngokukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokwenziwa ngcono kwenqubo yokwelashwa komhlaba, ngokuyisisekelo kuxazululwe inkinga yentambo yokunamathela;
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(5) Ngokwakheka kwehlombe lomklamo onengqondo, ukuze kusebenze ngokusebenza kwebhayele.
Njengamanje, izwe liye lakhula izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-100 zokuxhunywa kwe-premium ngobuchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi.
Isikhathi Seposi: Feb-21-2024