Amapayipi e-OCTGZisetshenziswa kakhulu ekubholeni imithombo kawoyela negesi kanye nokuthutha uwoyela negesi. Zihlanganisa amapayipi okubhoboza uwoyela, izimbobo zikawoyela, kanye namapayipi okukhipha uwoyela.Amapayipi e-OCTGzisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuxhuma amakhola okubhoboza kanye nezingcezu zokubhoboza kanye nokudlulisa amandla okubhoboza.Ibhokisi likaphethiloli lisetshenziswa kakhulu ukusekela imbobo yomthombo ngesikhathi sokumba kanye nangemva kokuqedwa, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile komthombo wonke kaphethiloli ngesikhathi senqubo yokumba kanye nangemva kokuqedwa. Uwoyela negesi phansi komthombo kaphethiloli kuthuthwa kakhulu phezulu ngepayipi lokupompa uwoyela.
Ibhokisi likawoyela liyindlela yokuphila yokugcina ukusebenza kwemithombo kawoyela. Ngenxa yezimo ezahlukene zejiyoloji, isimo sokucindezeleka ngaphansi komhlaba siyinkimbinkimbi, futhi imiphumela ehlangene yokucindezeleka, ukucindezela, ukugoba, kanye nokucindezeleka kokugoba emzimbeni webhokisi kuveza izidingo eziphezulu zekhwalithi yebhokisi ngokwalo. Uma ibhokisi ngokwalo lonakele ngesizathu esithile, kungase kuholele ekunciphiseni ukukhiqizwa noma ngisho nasekukhuculweni komthombo wonke.
Ngokwemandla ensimbi ngokwayo, i-casing ingahlukaniswa ngama-grade ahlukene ensimbi, okungukuthi i-J55, i-K55, i-N80, i-L80, i-C90, i-T95, i-P110, i-Q125, i-V150, njll. I-grade yensimbi esetshenziswayo iyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo somthombo kanye nokujula kwawo. Ezindaweni ezigqwalisayo, kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi i-casing ngokwayo ibe nokumelana nokugqwala. Ezindaweni ezinezimo ze-geological eziyinkimbinkimbi, kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi i-casing ibe nokusebenza okulwa nokuwa.
I. ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwe-OCTG Pipe
1. Amagama akhethekile ahlobene nencazelo yamapayipi kaphethiloli
I-API: yisifinyezo se-American Petroleum Institute.
I-OCTG: Yisifinyezo se-Oil Country Tubular Goods, okusho ukuthi amapayipi aqondene namafutha, okuhlanganisa i-casing yamafutha eqediwe, ipayipi lokubhoboza, amakhola okubhoboza, ama-hoop, ama-joint amafushane njalo njalo.
Amapayipi Kawoyela: Amapayipi asetshenziswa emithonjeni kawoyela ukukhipha uwoyela, ukukhipha igesi, ukufaka amanzi kanye nokuqhekeka kwe-asidi.
Ikheyisi: Ukufakwa kwepayipi elehliswa ebusweni bomhlaba liye emgodini obholiwe njenge-liner ukuvimbela ukudilika kodonga lomthombo.
Ipayipi lokubhoboza: Ipayipi elisetshenziselwa ukubhoboza imigodi.
Ipayipi lomugqa: Ipayipi elisetshenziselwa ukuthutha uwoyela noma igesi.
Ama-circlips: Amasilinda asetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amapayipi amabili anezintambo ngezintambo zangaphakathi.
Izinto zokuhlanganisa: Ipayipi elisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izihlanganisi.
Imicu ye-API: Imicu yepayipi echazwe yi-API 5B standard, kufaka phakathi imicu eyindilinga yepayipi kawoyela, imicu eyindilinga emifushane, imicu eyindilinga ende, imicu eyindilinga engaphandle kwe-trapezoidal, imicu yepayipi yomugqa njalo njalo.
Ibhakede Elikhethekile: Imicu engeyona eye-API enezakhiwo ezikhethekile zokuvala, izakhiwo zokuxhuma nezinye izakhiwo.
Ukwehluleka: ukuguquguquka, ukuphuka, ukulimala kobuso kanye nokulahlekelwa umsebenzi wokuqala ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zesevisi. Izindlela eziyinhloko zokwehluleka kwekhava likawoyela yilezi: ukukhishwa, ukushelela, ukuqhekeka, ukuvuza, ukugqwala, ukubopha, ukuguguleka njalo njalo.
2, amazinga ahlobene ne-Petroleum
I-API 5CT: Ukucaciswa Kwesikeyi kanye Nokuthuthwa Kwepayipi (okwamanje inguqulo yakamuva yohlelo lwesi-8)
I-API 5D: Imininingwane yepayipi lokubhoboza (inguqulo yakamuva yohlelo lwesi-5)
I-API 5L: incazelo yepayipi yensimbi yepayipi (inguqulo yakamuva yohlelo lwama-44)
I-API 5B: Imininingwane yokulungisa, ukulinganisa nokuhlola i-casing, ipayipi likawoyela kanye nezintambo zepayipi lomugqa
GB/T 9711.1-1997: Izimo zobuchwepheshe zokulethwa kwamapayipi ensimbi ukuze kuthuthwe imboni kawoyela negesi Ingxenye 1: Amapayipi ensimbi ebanga A
GB/T9711.2-1999: Izimo zobuchwepheshe zokulethwa kwamapayipi ensimbi okuthutha imboni kawoyela negesi Ingxenye 2: Amapayipi ensimbi ebanga B
GB/T9711.3-2005: Izimo Zobuchwepheshe Zokulethwa Kwamapayipi Ensimbi Okuthutha Imboni Kaphethiloli Negesi Yemvelo Ingxenye 3: Ipayipi Lensimbi Lebanga C
Ⅱ. Ipayipi likawoyela
1. Ukuhlukaniswa kwamapayipi kawoyela
Amapayipi kawoyela ahlukaniswe ngamapayipi angewona acasulayo (NU), amapayipi angaphandle acasulayo (EU), kanye namapayipi ahlangene ahlanganisiwe. Amapayipi angewona acasulayo abhekisela ekugcineni kwepayipi okufakwe intambo ngaphandle kokujiya futhi okufakwe i-coupling. Amapayipi angaphandle acasulayo abhekisela emaphethelweni amabili amapayipi ahlanganiswe ngaphandle, bese efakwa intambo futhi afakwe ama-clamp. Amapayipi ahlangene ahlanganisiwe abhekisela epayipini elixhunywe ngqo ngaphandle kokujiya, lapho elinye icala lifakwe intambo ngentambo yangaphandle ehlanganisiwe ngaphakathi kanti elinye icala lifakwe intambo yangaphakathi ehlanganisiwe ngaphandle.
2. Indima yokufakwa kwamapayipi
1, ukukhishwa kukawoyela negesi: ngemva kokuba imithombo kawoyela negesi ibholiwe futhi iqiniswe ngosimende, ipayipi lifakwa esitsheni sikawoyela ukuze kukhishwe uwoyela negesi phansi.
2, umjovo wamanzi: uma ingcindezi yomgodi ongajulile inganele, faka amanzi emthonjeni ngepayipi.
③, Ukujova ngomusi: Enkambisweni yokubuyiselwa kokushisa kwamafutha ajiyile, umusi kufanele ufakwe emthonjeni ngamapayipi kawoyela avikelwe.
(iv) Ukufaka i-asidi kanye nokuqhekeka: Esigabeni sokugcina sokumba imithombo noma ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqizwa kwemithombo kawoyela negesi, kuyadingeka ukufaka i-asidi kanye nokuqhekeka kwemithombo noma izinto zokupholisa kungqimba kawoyela negesi, bese i-medium kanye nezinto zokupholisa zithuthwa ngepayipi kawoyela.
3.Ibanga lensimbi yepayipi kawoyela
Amazinga ensimbi epayipi likawoyela yilawa: H40, J55, N80, L80, C90, T95, P110.
I-N80 ihlukaniswe nge-N80-1 kanye ne-N80Q, lezi ezimbili ziyizimpawu ezifanayo zokuthamba, umehluko obili isimo sokulethwa kanye nomehluko wokusebenza komthelela, ukulethwa kwe-N80-1 ngesimo esijwayelekile noma lapho izinga lokushisa lokugcina lokugoqa lilikhulu kunezinga lokushisa elibucayi i-Ar3 kanye nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka ngemva kokupholisa komoya, futhi kungasetshenziswa ukuthola ezinye izindlela zokulungisa i-hot-rolled, ukuhlolwa komthelela kanye nokungabhubhisi akudingeki; i-N80Q kumele iqiniswe (ukucima kanye nokushisa). Ukwelashwa ngokushisa, umsebenzi womthelela kufanele uhambisane nezinhlinzeko ze-API 5CT, futhi kufanele kube ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi.
I-L80 ihlukaniswe nge-L80-1, L80-9Cr kanye ne-L80-13Cr. Izakhiwo zabo zemishini kanye nesimo sokulethwa kuyafana. Umehluko ekusetshenzisweni, ubunzima bokukhiqiza kanye nentengo, i-L80-1 yohlobo olujwayelekile, i-L80-9Cr kanye ne-L80-13Cr amapayipi amelana nokugqwala kakhulu, ubunzima bokukhiqiza, kuyabiza, ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa imithombo yokugqwala esindayo.
I-C90 kanye ne-T95 zihlukaniswe ngohlobo 1 kanye nohlobo 2, okungukuthi, i-C90-1, i-C90-2 kanye ne-T95-1, i-T95-2.
4. Ibanga lensimbi elisetshenziswa kakhulu, ibanga kanye nesimo sokulethwa kwepayipi kawoyela
Isimo sokulethwa kwebanga lensimbi
Ipayipi likawoyela le-J55 37Mn5 ipayipi likawoyela eliyisicaba: eligoqiwe elishisayo esikhundleni se-normalized
Ipayipi likawoyela elijiyile: ubude obugcwele bujwayelekile ngemva kokujiyile.
Ipayipi le-N80-1 36Mn2V Ipayipi lohlobo oluyisicaba: eligoqekile elishisayo esikhundleni se-normalized
Ipayipi likawoyela elijiyile: ubude obugcwele bujwayelekile ngemva kokuqina
Ipayipi likawoyela le-N80-Q elingu-30Mn5 elinobude obugcwele
Ipayipi likawoyela le-L80-1 elingu-30Mn5 elinobude obugcwele
Ipayipi likawoyela le-P110 25CrMnMo eligcwele ubude bokushisa
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-J55 37Mn5 okushisayo okugoqwe ku-inthanethi
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-N80 28MnTiB okugcwele ubude bokushisa
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-L80-1 28MnTiB okugcwele ubude bokushisa
Ama-P110 Clamps angu-25CrMnMo Ubude Obugcwele Obuthambile
Ⅲ. Ibhokisi
1. Ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba kanye nendima ye-casing
I-casing iyipayipi lensimbi elisekela udonga lwemithombo kawoyela negesi. Izingqimba eziningana ze-casing zisetshenziswa emthonjeni ngamunye ngokwezinga lokubhoboza elihlukene kanye nezimo zejiyoloji. I-samente isetshenziselwa ukuqinisa i-casing ngemva kokuba yehliswe emthonjeni, futhi ngokungafani nepayipi kawoyela nepayipi lokubhoboza, ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa futhi ingeyakho izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezilahlwayo. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-casing kubalwa ngaphezu kwama-70% azo zonke izimbobo zemithombo kawoyela. I-casing ingahlukaniswa kanje: i-conduit, i-surface casing, i-technical casing kanye ne-oil casing ngokwendlela esetshenziswa ngayo, kanye nezakhiwo zazo emithonjeni kawoyela ziboniswe esithombeni esingezansi.
2. Ibhokisi lomqhubi
Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekubholeni olwandle nasehlane ukuze kuhlukaniswe amanzi olwandle nesihlabathi ukuqinisekisa intuthuko ebushelelezi yokubhoboza, imininingwane eyinhloko yalolu ngqimba lwe-2.casing yile: Φ762mm(30in )×25.4mm, Φ762mm(30in)×19.06mm.
Ibhokisi lokufaka umphezulu: Lisetshenziswa kakhulu ekubholeni kokuqala, ukubhoboza kuvula ubuso be-strata ekhululekile edwaleni elingaphansi, ukuze kuvinjwe le ngxenye ye-strata ukuthi ingawi, idinga ukuvalwa ngebhokisi lokufaka umphezulu. Imininingwane eyinhloko yebhokisi lokufaka umphezulu: 508mm (20in), 406.4mm (16in), 339.73mm (13-3/8in), 273.05mm (10-3/4in), 244.48mm (9-5/9in), njll. Ukujula kwepayipi lokwehlisa kuncike ekujuleni kokwakheka okuthambile. Ukujula kwepayipi elingezansi kuncike ekujuleni kwe-stratum ekhululekile, ngokuvamile okungamamitha angu-80 ~ 1500. Ingcindezi yayo yangaphandle neyangaphakathi ayinkulu, futhi ngokuvamile isebenzisa ibanga lensimbi le-K55 noma ibanga lensimbi le-N80.
3. Ibhokisi lobuchwepheshe
Ibhokisi lobuchwepheshe lisetshenziswa enqubweni yokubhoboza ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi. Uma uhlangana nezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nesendlalelo esiwile, ungqimba kawoyela, ungqimba lwegesi, ungqimba lwamanzi, ungqimba oluvuzayo, ungqimba lokunamathisela usawoti, njll., kuyadingeka ukubeka phansi igobolondo lobuchwepheshe ukuze ulivale, ngaphandle kwalokho ukubhoboza akukwazi ukwenziwa. Eminye imithombo ijulile futhi iyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ukujula komthombo kufinyelela ezinkulungwaneni zamamitha, lolu hlobo lwemithombo ejulile ludinga ukubeka phansi izendlalelo eziningana zebhokisi lobuchwepheshe, izakhiwo zalo zomshini kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kokuvala ziphakeme kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamabanga ensimbi nakho kuphakeme, ngaphezu kwe-K55, ukusetshenziswa kwamabanga e-N80 kanye ne-P110 kuningi, eminye imithombo ejulile nayo isetshenziswa kumazinga e-Q125 noma aphezulu kakhulu angewona ama-API, njenge-V150. imininingwane eyinhloko yebhokisi lobuchwepheshe yile: 339.73 Imininingwane eyinhloko yebhokisi lobuchwepheshe yile: 339.73mm(13-3/8in), 273.05mm(10-3/4in), 244.48mm(9-5/8in), 219.08mm(8-5/8in), 193.68mm(7-5/8in), 177.8mm(7in) njalo njalo.
4. Ibhokisi likawoyela
Uma umthombo ubholwa uye kungqimba oluya lapho uya khona (ungqimba oluqukethe uwoyela negesi), kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ingqimba yamafutha ukuvala ungqimba lwamafutha negesi kanye nengqimba ephezulu eveziwe, kanti ingaphakathi lengqimba yamafutha liyingqimba yamafutha. Ingqimba yamafutha kuzo zonke izinhlobo zengqimba ekujuleni komthombo okujulile, izakhiwo zayo zemishini kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kokuvala nazo ziphakeme kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-K55 yezinga lensimbi, i-N80, i-P110, i-Q125, i-V150 njalo njalo. Imininingwane eyinhloko yengqimba yokwakheka yile: 177.8mm(7in), 168.28mm(6-5/8in), 139.7mm(5-1/2in), 127mm(5in), 114.3mm(4-1/2in), njll. Ingqimba ijulile kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zemithombo, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kwemishini kanye nokusebenza kokuvala kuphakeme kakhulu.
Ipayipi le-V.Drill
1, Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nendima yepayipi lamathuluzi okubhoboza
Ipayipi lokubhoboza eliyisikwele, ipayipi lokubhoboza, ipayipi lokubhoboza elinesisindo kanye nekhola lokubhoboza kumathuluzi okubhoboza kwakha ipayipi lokubhoboza. Ipayipi lokubhoboza liyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokubhoboza eliqhuba i-drill bit lisuka phansi liye phansi komthombo, futhi liphinde libe umzila osuka phansi liye phansi komthombo. Linezindima ezintathu eziyinhloko: ① ukudlulisa i-torque ukuze liqhube i-drill bit ukuze libhoboze; ② lithembele esisindweni salo ukuze licindezele i-drill bit ukuze liphule idwala elingaphansi komthombo; ③ lihambisa uketshezi lokugeza umthombo, okungukuthi, udaka lokubhoboza emhlabathini ngamaphampu odaka anomfutho ophezulu, lingene emgodini wekholomu yokubhoboza ukuze ligeleze phansi komthombo ukuze lihlanze udoti wedwala futhi lipholise i-drill bit, futhi lithwale udoti wedwala ngesikhala esiphakathi kobuso bangaphandle bekholomu nodonga lomthombo ukuze lubuyele emhlabathini, ukuze kufezwe injongo yokubhoboza umthombo. Ipayipi lokubhoboza lisetshenziswa enqubweni yokubhoboza ukuze likwazi ukumelana nemithwalo ehlukahlukene eyinkimbinkimbi yokushintshana, njengokucindezelwa, ukugoba, ukugoba kanye nokunye ukucindezeleka, ubuso bangaphakathi buphinde buhlaselwe ukukhuhla udaka olunomfutho ophezulu kanye nokugqwala.
(1) ipayipi lokubhoboza eliyisikwele: ipayipi lokubhoboza eliyisikwele linezinhlobo ezimbili zohlobo lwesine kanye nohlobo olunezinhlangothi eziyisithupha, induku yokubhoboza uwoyela yaseShayina isethi ngayinye yekholomu yokubhoboza ivame ukusebenzisa ipayipi lokubhoboza eliyisine. Imininingwane yalo yile: 63.5mm (2-1/2in), 88.9mm (3-1/2in), 107.95mm (4-1/4in), 133.35mm (5-1/4in), 152.4mm (6in) njalo njalo. Ngokuvamile ubude obusetshenziswayo buyi-12 ~ 14.5m.
(2) Ipayipi lokubhoboza: Ipayipi lokubhoboza liyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokubhoboza imithombo, exhunywe engxenyeni engezansi yepayipi lokubhoboza eliyisikwele, futhi njengoba umthombo wokubhoboza uqhubeka nokujula, ipayipi lokubhoboza liqhubeka nokwelula ikholomu yokubhoboza ngokulandelana. Imininingwane yepayipi lokubhoboza yile: 60.3mm (2-3/8in), 73.03mm (2-7/8in), 88.9mm (3-1/2in), 114.3mm (4-1/2in), 127mm (5in), 139.7mm (5-1/2in) njalo njalo.
(3) Ipayipi Lokubhoboza Elinesisindo: Ipayipi lokubhoboza elinesisindo liyithuluzi lesikhashana elixhumanisa ipayipi lokubhoboza kanye nekhola lokubhoboza, elingathuthukisa isimo samandla epayipi lokubhoboza kanye nokwandisa ingcindezi ku-drill bit. Imininingwane eyinhloko yepayipi lokubhoboza elinesisindo ingu-88.9mm (3-1/2in) kanye no-127mm (5in).
(4) Ikhola yokubhoboza: ikhola yokubhoboza ixhunywe engxenyeni engezansi yepayipi lokubhoboza, okuyipayipi elikhethekile elinodonga oluqinile elinokuqina okuphezulu, elicindezela i-drill bit ukuze liphule idwala, futhi lingadlala indima eqondisayo lapho kubhobozwa imithombo eqondile. Imininingwane evamile yekhola yokubhoboza yile: 158.75mm (6-1/4in), 177.85mm (7in), 203.2mm (8in), 228.6mm (9in) njalo njalo.
V. Ipayipi lomugqa
1, Ukuhlukaniswa kwepayipi lomugqa
Ipayipi lomugqa lisetshenziswa embonini kawoyela negesi ukuthuthwa kwamapayipi kawoyela, uwoyela ocwengisisiwe, igesi yemvelo kanye namanzi ngepayipi lensimbi elifushane. Ukuthuthwa kwamapayipi kawoyela negesi kuhlukaniswe kakhulu ngepayipi eliyinhloko, ipayipi legatsha kanye nenethiwekhi yepayipi lasemadolobheni izinhlobo ezintathu, umugqa wokudlulisa ipayipi oyinhloko wezincazelo ezijwayelekile ze-∮ 406 ~ 1219mm, ukujiya kodonga okungu-10 ~ 25mm, ibanga lensimbi X42 ~ X80; ipayipi legatsha kanye nenethiwekhi yepayipi lasemadolobheni yezincazelo ezijwayelekile ze-# 114 ~ 700mm, ukujiya kodonga okungu-6 ~ 20mm, ibanga lensimbi X42 ~ X80. Izincazelo ezijwayelekile zamapayipi okuhambisa kanye namapayipi asemadolobheni angu-114-700mm, ukujiya kodonga okungu-6-20mm, ibanga lensimbi X42-X80.
Ipayipi lomugqa linepayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe, futhi linepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo, ipayipi lensimbi elihlanganisiwe lisetshenziswa ngaphezu kwepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo.
2, Umugqa wepayipi ejwayelekile
Izinga elijwayelekile lepayipi lomugqa yi-API 5L "incazelo yepayipi lensimbi yepayipi", kodwa iShayina ngo-1997 yamemezela amazinga amabili kazwelonke epayipi lepayipi: GB/T9711.1-1997 "imboni kawoyela negesi, ingxenye yokuqala yezimo zobuchwepheshe zokulethwa kwepayipi lensimbi: ipayipi lensimbi lebanga A" kanye ne-GB/T9711.2-1997 "imboni kawoyela negesi, ingxenye yesibili yezimo zobuchwepheshe zokulethwa kwepayipi lensimbi: ipayipi lensimbi lebanga B". Ipayipi Lensimbi", la mazinga amabili alingana ne-API 5L, abasebenzisi abaningi basekhaya badinga ukuhlinzekwa kwala mazinga amabili kazwelonke.
3. Mayelana ne-PSL1 kanye ne-PSL2
I-PSL iyisifinyezo sezinga lokucaciswa komkhiqizo. Izinga lokucaciswa komkhiqizo wepayipi lomugqa lihlukaniswe nge-PSL1 kanye ne-PSL2, kungashiwo nokuthi izinga lekhwalithi lihlukaniswe nge-PSL1 kanye ne-PSL2. I-PSL1 iphakeme kune-PSL2, izinga lokucaciswa kwe-2 aliyona nje izidingo zokuhlola ezihlukile, futhi ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, izidingo zezakhiwo zemishini zihlukile, ngakho-ke ngokusho kwe-oda le-API 5L, imigomo yenkontileka ngaphezu kwalokho ichaza imininingwane, ibanga lensimbi nezinye izinkomba ezivamile, kodwa futhi kumele ikhombise izinga lokucaciswa komkhiqizo, okungukuthi, i-PSL1 noma i-PSL2.
I-PSL2 ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo zokudonsa, amandla okushaya, ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi kanye nezinye izinkomba ziqinile kune-PSL1.
4, ibanga lensimbi yepayipi lepayipi kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali
Izinga lensimbi yepayipi yomugqa kusukela phansi kuya phezulu lihlukaniswe phakathi: A25, A, B, X42, X46, X52, X60, X65, X70 kanye ne-X80.
5, umfutho wamanzi wepayipi lomugqa kanye nezidingo ezingonakalisi
Ipayipi lomugqa kufanele lenziwe ukuhlolwa kwe-hydraulic kwegatsha ngalinye, futhi indinganiso ayivumeli ukukhiqizwa kwengcindezi ye-hydraulic okungonakalisi, okuwumehluko omkhulu phakathi kwendinganiso ye-API nezindinganiso zethu.
I-PSL1 ayidingi ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi, i-PSL2 kufanele ibe yigatsha lokuhlola elingabhubhisi ngegatsha.
VI. Uxhumano lwe-Premium
1, Isingeniso Sokuxhumeka Kwe-Premium
Ibhande elikhethekile lihlukile kuntambo ye-API enesakhiwo esikhethekile sentambo yepayipi. Nakuba i-API threaded oil casing ekhona isetshenziswa kabanzi ekusetshenzisweni kwemithombo yamafutha, amaphutha ayo abonakala ngokucacile endaweni ekhethekile yeminye imikhakha yamafutha: ikholomu yepayipi eyindilinga ye-API, yize ukusebenza kwayo kokuvala kungcono, amandla okudonsa athwalwa yingxenye eyindilinga alingana kuphela no-60% kuya ku-80% wamandla omzimba wepayipi, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwemithombo ejulile; ikholomu yepayipi eyindilinga ye-trapezoidal ekhethwe yi-API, ukusebenza kokudonsa kwengxenye eyindilinga kufana kuphela namandla omzimba wepayipi, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa emithombo ejulile; ikholomu yepayipi eyindilinga ye-trapezoidal ekhethwe yi-API, ukusebenza kwayo kokudonsa akukuhle. Nakuba ukusebenza kokudonsa kwekholomu kuphakeme kakhulu kunokuxhumeka kwentambo eyindilinga ye-API, ukusebenza kwayo kokuvala akukuhle kakhulu, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwemithombo yegesi enomfutho ophezulu; ngaphezu kwalokho, igrisi enezintambo ingadlala indima yayo kuphela endaweni enezinga lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-95℃, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwemithombo yokushisa ephezulu.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nentambo eyindilinga ye-API kanye nokuxhumeka kwentambo ye-trapezoidal engaphelele, i-Premium Connection yenze intuthuko enkulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
(1) ukuvalwa okuhle, ngokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sokuvala esinwebekayo nesensimbi, ukuze ukumelana kokuvalwa kwegesi okuhlangene kufinyelele umkhawulo womzimba wepayipi ngaphakathi kwengcindezi yokukhiqiza;
(2) amandla aphezulu oxhumano, ngokuxhumeka kwe-Premium Connection kwe-casing kawoyela, amandla oxhumano afinyelela noma adlula amandla omzimba wepayipi, ukuxazulula inkinga yokushelela ngokuyisisekelo;
(3) ngokukhethwa kwezinto zokwakha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo yokwelashwa kwendawo, ngokuyisisekelo kwaxazulula inkinga yokunamathela kwentambo;
(4) ngokusebenzisa ukwenziwa ngcono kwesakhiwo, ukuze ukusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka okuhlangene kube okunengqondo kakhudlwana, okusiza kakhulu ekumelaneni nokugqwala kokucindezeleka;
(5) ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo samahlombe somklamo ofanele, ukuze kube lula ukwenza umsebenzi we-buckle.
Njengamanje, umhlaba ususungule izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 ze-Premium Connections ngobuchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-21-2024