Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo
Ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo kunomlando cishe weminyaka eyi-100.Abazalwane baseJalimane bakwaMannesmann baqala ukusungula umshini wokubhoboza ama-roll cross rolling ngo-1885, kanye ne-periodic pipe mill ngo-1891. Ngo-1903, i-Swiss RC stiefel yasungula isigayo samapayipi esizenzakalelayo (esaziwa nangokuthi isigayo samapayipi aphezulu).Ngemva kwalokho, kwavela imishini yokwandisa ehlukahlukene efana nomshini wokugaya amapayipi oqhubekayo kanye nomshini wokuthungatha amapayipi, okwaqala ukwakha imboni yesimanje yamapayipi ensimbi engenamthungo.Ngeminyaka yawo-1930, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwesigayo samapayipi amathathu agingqikayo, isigayo esiphuma ngaphandle kanye nesigayo esibandayo sezikhathi ezithile, izinhlobonhlobo nezinga lamapayipi ensimbi kwathuthukiswa.Ngeminyaka yawo-1960, ngenxa yokwenziwa ngcono kwesigayo samapayipi esiqhubekayo kanye nokuvela kwezigayo ezintathu, ikakhulukazi impumelelo yokunciphisa ukushuba kwesigayo kanye ne-billet yokuphonsa eqhubekayo, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwaba ngcono kanye nokuncintisana phakathi kwepayipi elingenamthungo kanye nepayipi elishiselwe kwathuthukiswa.Ngeminyaka yawo-1970, amapayipi angenamthungo kanye namapayipi ashiselwe kwakuhamba phambili, futhi ukuphuma kwamapayipi ensimbi emhlabeni wonke kwenyuke ngezinga elingaphezu kuka-5% ngonyaka.Kusukela ngo-1953, i-China inamathelise ukubaluleka ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yamapayipi ensimbi engenamthungo, futhi yaqale yakha uhlelo lokukhiqiza lokugingqa zonke izinhlobo zamapayipi amakhulu, aphakathi nendawo namancane.Ngokuvamile, ipayipi lethusi liphinde lamukele izinqubo zokugingqa nokubhoboza kwe-billet.
Ukufakwa nokuhlukaniswa kwepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo
Isicelo:
Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo liwuhlobo lwensimbi yesigaba somnotho, edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emnothweni wezwe.Isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-petroleum, embonini yamakhemikhali, kubhayela, esiteshini samandla, umkhumbi, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, imoto, izindiza, i-aerospace, amandla, i-geology, ukwakhiwa, imboni yezempi neminye iminyango.
Ukuhlukaniswa:
① Ngokusho komumo wesigaba: ipayipi lesigaba esiyindilinga kanye nepayipi lesigaba esikhethekile.
② ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo: ipayipi lensimbi ye-carbon, ipayipi lensimbi ye-alloy, ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali kanye nepayipi eliyinhlanganisela.
③ ngokuya ngemodi yokuxhuma: ipayipi lokuxhumana elinentambo kanye nepayipi elishiselwe.
④ ngokuya ngemodi yokukhiqiza: ukugoqa okushisayo (i-extrusion, i-jacking nokwandisa) ipayipi kanye nepayipi elibandayo (lokudweba).
⑤ ngokwenhloso: ipayipi elibhayela, ipayipi lomthombo kawoyela, ipayipi lepayipi, ipayipi lesakhiwo kanye nepayipi likamanyolo wamakhemikhali.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza kwepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo
① Inqubo yokukhiqiza eyinhloko (inqubo yokuhlola eyinhloko) yepayipi lensimbi eligoqiwe elingenamthungo:
Ukulungiswa nokuhlolwa kweshubhu okungenalutho → ukushisisa okungenalutho kweshubhu → ukubhoboza → ukugoqa kweshubhu → ukushisisa kabusha kweshubhu eluhlaza → ukusika (ukunciphisa) → ukwelashwa kokushisa → ukuqondisa kweshubhu eliqediwe → ukuqeda → ukuhlolwa (okungonakali, ngokomzimba namakhemikhali, ukuhlolwa kwebhentshi) → indawo yokugcina impahla.
② Izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko zepayipi lensimbi eligoqiwe elibandayo (elidonswe) elingenamthungo
Ukulungiselela okungenalutho → ukukha nokugcobisa → ukugoqa okubandayo (umdwebo) → ukwelapha ukushisa → ukuqondisa → ukuqeda → ukuhlola.
Ishadi lokugeleza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza lepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo elishisayo lihamba kanje:
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-14-2023