Incazelo Yomkhiqizo
I-Casing kanye neshubhu esetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuthuthukisa uwoyela negesi, I-Casing kanye neshubhu yizingxenye ezibalulekile embonini kawoyela negesi ezisetshenziselwa ukukhipha nokuthutha ama-hydrocarbons (uwoyela negesi yemvelo) ukusuka kumadamu angaphansi komhlaba ukuya phezulu.Badlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha, ubuqotho, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokumba nokusebenza kokukhiqiza.
Ipayipi uhlobo lwepayipi elisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa uwoyela ongahluziwe negesi yemvelo ukusuka kungqimba kawoyela noma ungqimba lwegesi ukuya phansi ngemva kokuqeda ukumba.I-Tubing ingavumela ukucindezela okukhiqizwa phakathi nenqubo yokukhipha.Amashubhu akhiqizwa ngendlela efanayo ne-casing, kodwa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "ukucasula" nayo iyadingeka ukuze kuqiniswe ipayipi leshubhu.
I-Casing isetshenziselwa ukuvikela imigodi ebimbiwe phansi ukuze kutholwe uwoyela.Esetshenziswa ngokufana nepayipi lokubhoboza, amapayipi omthombo kawoyela aphinde avumele umfutho we-axial tension, ngakho-ke kudingeka insimbi ephezulu yamandla.Amagobolondo e-OCTG amapayipi amakhulu anobubanzi afakwe usimende emgodini.
Imininingwane
I-API 5L: GR.B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80 |
I-API 5CT: J55, K55, N80, L80, P110 |
I-API 5D: E75, X95, G105, S135 |
I-EN10210: S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355K2H |
I-ASTM A106: G.A, GR.B, G.C |
I-ASTM A53/A53M: G.A, GR.B |
I-ASTM A335: P1, P2, 95, P9, P11P22, P23, P91, P92, P122 |
I-ASTM A333: Gr.1, Gr.3, Gr.4, Gr.6, Gr.7, Gr.8, Gr.9.Gr.10, Gr.11 |
I-DIN 2391: St30Al, St30Si, St35, St45, St52 |
I-DIN EN 10216-1: P195TR1, P195TR2, P235TR1, P235TR2, P265TR1, P265TR2 |
I-JIS G3454: STPG 370, STPG 410 |
I-JIS G3456: STPT 370, STPT 410, STPT 480 |
I-GB/T 8163: 10#, 20#, Q345 |
I-GB/T 8162: 10#, 20#, 35#, 45#, Q345 |
Uhlu lwe-ISO/API Steel Casing
Amalebulaa | Ngaphandle ububanzi D mm | Ngokuzisholo umugqa ubuningib, c I-T&C kg/m | Udonga ukujiya t mm | Uhlobo lokuqeda | ||||||||
1 | 2 | H40 | J55 K55 | M65 | L80 C95 | N80 Uhlobo 1,Q | C90 T95 | P110 | Q125 | |||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
4-1/2 4-1/2 4-1/2 4-1/2 4-1/2 | 9.50 10.50 11.60 13.50 15.10 | 114,30 114,30 114,30 114,30 114,30 | 14,14 15,63 17,26 20,09 22,47 | 5,21 5,69 6,35 7,37 8,56 | PS - - - - | PS I-PSB I-PSLB - - | PS I-PSB I-PLB I-PLB - | - - I-PLB I-PLB - | - - I-PLB I-PLB - | - - I-PLB I-PLB - | - - I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB | - - - - I-PLB |
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 | 11.50 13.00 15.00 18.00 21.40 23.20 24.10 | 127,00 127,00 127,00 127,00 127,00 127,00 127,00 | 17,11 19,35 22,32 26,79 31,85 34,53 35,86 | 5,59 6,43 7,52 9,19 11,10 12,14 12,70 | - - - - - - - | PS I-PSLB PSLBE - - - - | PS I-PSLB I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB - - | - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB | - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB | - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB | - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB | - - - I-PLBE I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB |
5-1/2 5-1/2 5-1/2 5-1/2 5-1/2 5-1/2 5-1/2 5-1/2 5-1/2 5-1/2 5-1/2 5-1/2 | 14.00 15.50 17.00 20.00 23.00 26.80 29.70 32.60 35.30 38.00 40.50 43.10 | 139,70 139,70 139,70 139,70 139,70 139,70 139,70 139,70 139,70 139,70 139,70 139,70 | 20,83 23,07 25,30 29,76 34,23 39,88 44,20 48,51 52,53 56,55 60,27 64,14 | 6,20 6,98 7,72 9,17 10,54 12,70 14,27 15,88 17,45 19,05 20,62 22,22 | PS | PS PSLBE PSLBE | PS I-PSLB I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB | - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE - - - - - - - | I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE | I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE P P P P P P P | I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE | - - - - I-PLBE - - - - - - |
6-5/8 6-5/8 6-5/8 6-5/8 | 20.00 24.00 28.00 32.00 | 168,28 168,28 168,28 168,28 | 29,76 35,72 41,67 47,62 | 7,32 8,94 10,59 12,06 | PS - - | I-PSLB PSLBE - | I-PSLB I-PLB I-PLB - | - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE | - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE | - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE | - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE | - - I-PLBE |
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 | 17.00 20.00 23.00 26.00 29.00 32.00 35.00 38.00 42.70 46.40 50.10 53.60 57.10 | 177,80 177,80 177,80 177,80 177,80 177,80 177,80 177,80 177,80 177,80 177,80 177,80 177,80 | 25,30 29,76 34,23 38,69 43,16 47,62 52,09 56,55 63,54 69,05 74,56 79,77 84,97 | 5,87 6,91 8,05 9,19 10,36 11,51 12,65 13,72 15,88 17,45 19,05 20,62 22,22 | PS PS - - - - - - - - - - - | - PS PSLBE PSLBE - - - - - - - - - | - PS I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB - - - - - - - | - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE - - - - - | - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE - - - - - | - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE P P P P P | - - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE - - - - - | - - - - - - I-PLBE I-PLBE - - - - - |
Bheka amanothi ekugcineni kwethebula. |
Amalebulaa | Ngaphandle ububanzi D mm | Ngokuzisholo umugqa ubuningib, c I-T&C kg/m | Udonga ukujiya t mm | Uhlobo lokuqeda | ||||||||
1 | 2 | H40 | J55 K55 | M65 | L80 C95 | N80 Uhlobo 1,Q | C90 T95 | P110 | Q125 | |||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
7-5/8 7-5/8 7-5/8 7-5/8 7-5/8 7-5/8 7-5/8 7-5/8 7-5/8 7-5/8 | 24.00 26.40 29.70 33.70 39.00 42.80 45.30 47.10 51.20 55.30 | 193,68 193,68 193,68 193,68 193,68 193,68 193,68 193,68 193,68 193,68 | 35,72 39,29 44,20 50,15 58,04 63,69 67,41 70,09 76,19 82,30 | 7,62 8,33 9,52 10,92 12,70 14,27 15,11 15,88 17,45 19,05 | PS | PSLBE | I-PSLB I-PLB I-PLB | I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB | I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB | I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB P P | I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB | I-PLBE I-PLB I-PLB I-PLB |
7-3/4 | 46.10 | 19,685 | 6,860 | 1,511 | - | - | - | P | P | P | P | P |
8-5/8 8-5/8 8-5/8 8-5/8 8-5/8 8-5/8 8-5/8 | 24.00 28.00 32.00 36.00 40.00 44.00 49.00 | 219,08 219,08 219,08 219,08 219,08 219,08 219,08 | 35,72 41,67 47,62 53,57 59,53 65,48 72,92 | 6,71 7,72 8,94 10,16 11,43 12,70 14,15 | PS PS - - - - | PS - PSLBE PSLBE - - - | PS PS I-PSLB I-PSLB I-PLB - - | - - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE | - - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE | - - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE | - - - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE | - - - - - - I-PLBE |
9-5/8 9-5/8 9-5/8 9-5/8 9-5/8 9-5/8 9-5/8 9-5/8 9-5/8 9-5/8 9-5/8 | 32.30 36.00 40.00 43.50 47.00 53.50 58.40 59.40 64.90 70.30 75.60 | 244,48 244,48 244,48 244,48 244,48 244,48 244,48 244,48 244,48 244,48 244,48 | 48,07 53,57 59,53 64,73 69,94 79,62 86,91 88,40 96,58 104,62 112,50 | 7,92 8,94 10,03 11,05 11,99 13,84 15,11 15,47 17,07 18,64 20,24 | PS PS - - - - - - - - - | - I-PSLB PSLBE - - - - - - - - | - I-PSLB I-PSLB I-PLB I-PLB - - - - - - | - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB - - - - | - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB - - - - | - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB P P P P | - - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB - - - - | - - - - I-PLBE I-PLBE I-PLB - - - - |
10-3/4 10-3/4 10-3/4 10-3/4 10-3/4 10-3/4 10-3/4 10-3/4 10-3/4 10-3/4 | 32.75 40.50 45.50 51.00 55.50 60.70 65.70 73.20 79.20 85.30 | 273,05 273,05 273,05 273,05 273,05 273,05 273,05 273,05 273,05 273,05 | 48,74 60,27 67,71 75,90 82,59 90,33 97,77 108,93 117,86 126,94 | 7,09 8,89 10,16 11,43 12,57 13,84 15,11 17,07 18,64 20,24 | PS PS | I-PSB I-PSBE I-PSBE | I-PSB I-PSB I-PSB I-PSB | I-PSBE I-PSBE | I-PSBE I-PSBE | I-PSBE I-PSBE I-PSBE I-PSB P P P | I-PSBE I-PSBE I-PSBE I-PSB | I-PSBE I-PSB |
11-3/4 11-3/4 11-3/4 11-3/4 11-3/4 11-3/4 | 42.00 47.00 54.00 60.00 65.00 71.00 | 298,45 298,45 298,45 298,45 298,45 298,45 | 62,50 69,94 80,36 89,29 96,73 105,66 | 8,46 9,53 11,05 12,42 13,56 14,78 | PS - - - | I-PSB I-PSB I-PSB - - | I-PSB I-PSB I-PSB - - | - - I-PSB P P | - - I-PSB P P | - - I-PSB P P | - - I-PSB P P | - - I-PSB P P |
13-3/8 13-3/8 13-3/8 13-3/8 13-3/8 | 48.00 54.50 61.00 68.00 72.00 | 339,72 339,72 339,72 339,72 339,72 | 71,43 81,10 90,78 101,19 107,15 | 8,38 9,65 10,92 12,19 13,06 | PS - - - - | - I-PSB I-PSB I-PSB - | - I-PSB I-PSB I-PSB - | - - - I-PSB I-PSB | - - - I-PSB I-PSB | - - - I-PSB I-PSB | - - - I-PSB I-PSB | - - - - I-PSB |
Bheka amanothi ekugcineni kwethebula. |
Amalebulaa | Ngaphandle ububanzi D mm | Ngokuzisholo umugqa ubuningib, c I-T&C kg/m | Udonga ukujiya t mm | Uhlobo lokuqeda | ||||||||
1 | 2 | H40 | J55 K55 | M65 | L80 C95 | N80 Uhlobo 1,Q | C90 T95 | P110 | Q125 | |||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
16 16 16 16 | 65.00 75.00 84.00 109.00 | 406,40 406,40 406,40 406,40 | 96,73 111,61 125,01 162,21 | 9,53 11,13 12,57 16,66 | PS | I-PSB I-PSB P | I-PSB I-PSB | P | P | P | P | |
18-5/8 | 87.50 | 47,308 | 13,021 | 1,105 | PS | I-PSB | I-PSB | - | - | - | - | - |
20 20 20 | 94.00 106.50 133.00 | 508,00 508,00 508,00 | 139,89 158,49 197,93 | 11,13 12,70 16,13 | I-PSL - - | I-PSLB I-PSLB I-PSLB | I-PSLB I-PSLB - | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - |
P = Isiphetho esingenalutho, S = Intambo eyisiyingi emfishane, L = Intambo eyisiyingi ende, B = Intambo yesinqe, E = Umugqa owedlulele. | ||||||||||||
♦ Amalebula awolwazi nosizo loku-oda. ♦ Ubuningi bomugqa ojwayelekile, obulukiwe futhi obuhlanganiswe (col. 2) bakhonjiswa ukuze bathole ulwazi kuphela. ♦ Ukuminyana kwezinsimbi ze-martensitic chromium (izinhlobo ze-L80 ezingu-9Cr no-13Cr) zihlukile kuzinsimbi zekhabhoni.Ngakho-ke uquqaba olubonisiwe alunembile ezinsimbi ze-chromium ze-martensitic.Isici sokulungisa esikhulu esingu-0,989 singasetshenziswa. |
Amalebula | Ububanzi bangaphandle D mm | Umugqa wokuphela ongenalutho ubuningi kg/m | Ukujiya kodonga t mm | |
1 | 2 | |||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
3-1/2 4 4-1/2 5 5-1/2 6-5/8 | 9.92 11.35 13.05 17.95 19.83 27.66 | 88,90 101,60 114,30 127,00 139,70 168,28 | 14,76 16,89 19,42 26,71 29,51 41,18 | 7,34 7,26 7,37 9,19 9,17 10,59 |
Uhlu lwe-ISO/API Steel Tubing
Amalebula | Ngaphandle ububanzi D mm | Umugqa wokuzisholo uquqabaa, b | Udonga kushubile- ness t mm | Uhlobo lokuqedac | |||||||||||
Okungeyona- dumela I-T&C kg/m | Ext. dumela I-T&C kg/m | Integ. okuhlangene kg/m | |||||||||||||
1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||
NU I-T&C | EU I-T&C | IJ | H40 | J55 | L80 | N80 Uhlobo 1,Q | C90 | T95 | P110 | ||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
1.900 1.900 1.900 1.900 1.900 | 2.40 2.75 3.65 4.42 5.15 | - 2.90 3.73 - - | 2.40 2.76 - - - | 48,26 48,26 48,26 48,26 48,26 | - 4,09 5,43 6,58 7,66 | - 4,32 5,55 - - | 3,57 4,11 - - - | 3,18 3,68 5,08 6,35 7,62 | PI I-PNUI PU - - | PI I-PNUI PU - - | - I-PNUI PU P P | - I-PNUI PU - - | - I-PNUI PU P P | - I-PNUI PU P P | PU - - |
2.063 2.063 | 3.24 4.50 | - - | 3.25 - | 52,40 52,40 | - - | - - | 4,84 - | 3,96 5,72 | PI P | PI P | PI P | PI P | PI P | PI P | P |
2-3/8 2-3/8 2-3/8 2-3/8 2-3/8 | 4.00 4.60 5.80 6.60 7.35 | 4.70 5.95 7.45 | 60,32 60,32 60,32 60,32 60,32 | 5,95 6,85 8,63 9,82 10,94 | 6,99 8,85 11,09 | 4,24 4,83 6,45 7,49 8,53 | PN I-PNU | PN I-PNU | PN I-PNU I-PNU P PU | PN I-PNU I-PNU - - | PN I-PNU I-PNU P PU | PN I-PNU I-PNU P PU | I-PNU I-PNU | ||
2-7/8 2-7/8 2-7/8 2-7/8 | 6.40 7.80 8.60 9.35 | 6.50 7.90 8.70 9.45 | - - - | 73,02 73,02 73,02 73,02 | 9,52 11,61 12,80 13,91 | 9,67 11,76 12,95 14,06 | - - - | 5,51 7,01 7,82 8,64 | I-PNU - - | I-PNU - - | I-PNU I-PNU I-PNU PU | I-PNU I-PNU I-PNU - | I-PNU I-PNU I-PNU PU | I-PNU I-PNU I-PNU PU | I-PNU I-PNU I-PNU - |
2-7/8 2-7/8 | 10.50 11.50 | - | - | 73,02 73,02 | 15,63 17,11 | - | - | 9,96 11,18 | - | - | P P | - | P P | P P | - |
3-1/2 3-1/2 3-1/2 3-1/2 3-1/2 3-1/2 3-1/2 | 7.70 9.20 10.20 12.70 14.30 15.50 17.00 | - 9.30 - 12.95 - - - | - - - - - - - | 88,90 88,90 88,90 88,90 88,90 88,90 88,90 | 11,46 13,69 15,18 18,90 21,28 23,07 25,30 | - 13,84 - 19,27 - - - | - - - - - - - | 5,49 6,45 7,34 9,52 10,92 12,09 13,46 | PN I-PNU PN - - - - | PN I-PNU PN - - - - | PN I-PNU PN I-PNU P P P | PN I-PNU PN I-PNU - - - | PN I-PNU PN I-PNU P P P | PN I-PNU PN I-PNU P P P | - I-PNU - I-PNU - - - |
4 4 4 4 4 4 | 9.50 10.70 13.20 16.10 18.90 22.20 | - 11.00 - - - - | - - - - - - | 101,60 101,60 101,60 101,60 101,60 101,60 | 14,14 - 19,64 23,96 28,13 33,04 | - 16,37 - - - - | - - - - - - | 5,74 6,65 8,38 10,54 12,70 15,49 | PN PU - - - - | PN PU - - - - | PN PU P P P P | PN PU - - - - | PN PU P P P P | PN PU P P P P | - - - - - - |
4-1/2 4-1/2 4-1/2 4-1/2 4-1/2 4-1/2 4-1/2 | 12.60 15.20 17.00 18.90 21.50 23.70 26.10 | 12.75 | 114,30 114,30 114,30 114,30 114,30 114,30 114,30 | 18,75 22,62 25,30 28,13 32,00 35,27 38,84 | 18,97 | 6,88 8,56 9,65 10,92 12,70 14,22 16,00 | I-PNU | I-PNU | I-PNU P P P P P P | I-PNU - - - - - - | I-PNU P P P P P P | I-PNU P P P P P P | |||
P = Isiphetho esingenalutho, N = Intambo engacasukile futhi ihlanganiswe, U = Ukucasuka kwangaphandle kufakwe intambo futhi kuhlanganiswe, I = Inhlanganisela Ehlanganisiwe. | |||||||||||||||
♦ Ubuningi bomugqa ojwayelekile, izintambo kanye nokuhlanganisa (col. 2, 3, 4) kukhonjiswa ukuze uthole ulwazi kuphela. ♦ Ukuminyana kwezinsimbi ze-martensitic chromium (izinhlobo ze-L80 ezingu-9Cr no-13Cr) zihlukile kuzinsimbi zekhabhoni.Ngakho-ke uquqaba olubonisiwe alunembile ezinsimbi ze-chromium ze-martensitic.Isici sokulungisa esikhulu esingu-0,989 singasetshenziswa. ♦ Amashubhu angaphatheki kabi ayatholakala ngokuhlanganisa avamile noma ama-bevel coupling akhethekile.Amashubhu acasulwe ngaphandle ayatholakala ngokuhlanganisa okujwayelekile, i-special-bevel, noma okukhethekile. |
Izinga & Ibanga
I-Casing kanye ne-tubing Amabanga Ajwayelekile:
I-API 5CT J55,K55,L80, N80,P110, C90, T95, H40
I-API 5CT casing kanye nepayipi leshubhu liyaphela:
(STC)Ikesi lentambo eliyindilinga emfushane
(LC)I-casing yentambo eyindilinga ende
(BC)I-Buttress thread casing
(XC)I-Extreme-line casing
(NU)Amashubhu angaguquki
(EU)Ishubhu eliphathekayo langaphandle
(IJ)Ishubhu elihlangene elihlangene
I-casing neshubhu kufanele ilethwe ngokuya ngoxhumo olungenhla ngezinga le-API5CT / API Standards.
Ikhwalithi yokulawula
Ukuhlola I-Raw Material, Ukuhlaziywa Kwekhemikhali, Ukuhlolwa Komshini, Ukuhlola Okubonakalayo , Ukuhlolwa Kwengcindezi, Ukuhlola Ubukhulu, Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Bend , Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Flattening, Ukuhlolwa Okunomthelela, Ukuhlolwa kwe-DWT, Ukuhlolwa kwe-NDT, Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hydrostatic, Ukuhlolwa Kokuqina…..
Ukumaka, Ukudweba ngaphambi kokulethwa.
Ukupakisha Nokuthumela
Indlela yokupakisha yamapayipi ensimbi ihlanganisa ukuhlanza, ukuhlanganisa, ukugoqa, ukuhlanganisa, ukuvikela, ukulebula, ukufaka amapayipi (uma kunesidingo), ukufakwa kweziqukathi, ukufaka isitofu, ukuvala, ukuthuthwa, nokukhipha.Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamapayipi ensimbi nokufakwa ngezindlela ezahlukene zokupakisha.Le nqubo ebanzi iqinisekisa ukuthi amapayipi ensimbi ayathunyelwa futhi afike lapho aya khona esesimweni esikahle, elungele ukusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe.
Ukusetshenziswa & Isicelo
Amapayipi ensimbi asebenza njengomgogodla wobunjiniyela besimanje bezimboni nezomphakathi, asekela uxhaxha lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwemiphakathi nezomnotho emhlabeni wonke.
Amapayipi ensimbi nezinto zokufakelwa thina i-Womic Steel ezikhiqize kabanzi ezisetshenziselwa uphethiloli, igesi, ipayipi likaphethiloli namanzi, phesheya kolwandle/onshore, amaphrojekthi nokwakhiwa kwechweba lasolwandle, ukudinwa, insimbi yesakhiwo, ukunqwabelanisa kanye namaphrojekthi wokwakha ibhuloho, namashubhu ensimbi anembayo we-conveyor roller. ukukhiqizwa, njll...